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1.
Rev. cienc. med. Pinar Rio ; 26(4): e5461, jul.-ago. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407902

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: el neumomediastino es la presencia de aire en el espacio mediastinal procedente de bronquios, alvéolos o de una ruptura esofágica, que viaja a través de las vainas vasculares y los planos tisulares hacia el espacio mediastinal; puede ser categorizado como espontáneo, traumático o secundario. Objetivo: describir un paciente con neumomediastino secundario al efecto Macklin. Caso clínico: se trata de un paciente masculino de 32 años sin antecedentes médicos, que acude a urgencias refiriendo tos seca, dolor de garganta, dolor al ingerir alimentos, malestar general, dolores articulares a predominio de rodillas y espalda baja y fiebre de 39°C acompañada de escalofríos. El día posterior a su ingreso, tras un acceso de tos, presenta de forma súbita aumento de volumen del cuello y porción superior del tórax, acompañado de dolor en dicha zona, dificultad para respirar y hablar. Al examen en este momento se constata aumento de volumen y crepitación en cuello, fosa supraclavicular, y porción anterosuperior y posterosuperior del tórax (enfisema subcutáneo) así como estertores roncos y sibilantes diseminados en ambos campos pulmonares. Se realiza radiografía de tórax de urgencia que muestra signos sugestivos de enfisema subcutáneo y neumomediastino. Se solicita valoración por servicio de cirugía General y otorrino, los cuales sugieren tratamiento conservador. Conlusiones: el neumomediastino es una enfermedad poco frecuente y benigna, sus características clínicas son dolor torácico y enfisema subcutáneo luego de un acceso de tos y evoluciona de forma satisfactoria entre dos y 15 días.


ABSTRACT Introduction: pneumomediastinum is the presence of air in the mediastinal space coming from bronchi, alveoli or esophageal rupture, which travels through vascular sheaths and tissue planes to the mediastinal space; it can be categorized as spontaneous, traumatic or secondary. Objective: to describe a patient with pneumomediastinum secondary to the Macklin effect. Case report: a 32-year-old male patient with no medical history came to the emergency room with a dry cough, sore throat, pain when eating and general malaise, joint pain predominantly in the knees and lower back, and fever of 39°C with chills. The day after his admission, after an attack of coughing, he suddenly presented an increase in volume of the neck and upper chest, accompanied by pain in this area, difficulty in breathing and speaking. On examination at this time, there was an increase in volume and crepitus in the neck, supraclavicular fossa, and anterosuperior and posterosuperior portion of the thorax (subcutaneous emphysema) as well as hoarse and wheezing rales disseminated in both lung fields. An emergency chest X-ray was performed showing signs suggestive of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum. An evaluation by the General Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology Departments was requested, which suggested conservative treatment. Conclusions: pneumomediastinum is a rare and benign disease, its clinical characteristics are chest pain and subcutaneous emphysema after a coughing fit and it evolves satisfactorily between 2 and 15 days.

2.
Horiz. meÌüd. (Impresa) ; 22(1): e1745, ene.-mar. 2022. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375623

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Presentamos un caso de un neumomediastino espontáneo, efecto Macklin, en un hombre de 49 años con comorbilidades y diagnóstico de COVID-19. El paciente recibió soporte vital total pero evolucionó de manera desfavorable y con inestabilidad hemodinámica, la cual progresa a un choque obstructivo por el neumomediastino. Aunque es un cuadro inusual, es importante conocer la clínica, el diagnóstico y el manejo de esta entidad en las unidades de cuidados intensivos.


ABSTRACT This is the case of a 49-year-old male with spontaneous pneumomediastinum due to Macklin effect, who presented comorbidities and was diagnosed with COVID-19. The patient was placed on life support but showed an unfavorable progression with hemodynamic instability, which led to obstructive shock caused by pneumomediastinum. Despite being an unusual clinical entity, it is important to know its approach, diagnosis and management in the intensive care units.

3.
Rev. colomb. radiol ; 25(3): 4026-4030, 2014. ilus, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-995830

ABSTRACT

El neumomediastino espontáneo (NME) es una patología infrecuente que consiste en la presencia de aire libre en los tejidos blandos del mediastino sin evidencia de lesión de la vía aérea o digestiva subyacente, y sin antecedente de procedimiento médico previo que lo explique. Esta entidad afecta con mayor frecuencia a hombres jóvenes, es de comportamiento benigno y generalmente es autolimitada. En el artículo se presenta el caso de un joven de 21 años de edad que presenta un neumomediastino espontáneo. Se hace luego una breve revisión de la literatura acerca de la epidemiología, la fisiopatología, las características clínicas y los hallazgos imaginológicos de esta entidad.


Spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM) is an uncommon condition characterized by the presence of free air in the soft tissues of the mediastinum without evidence of underlying injury in the airway or esophagus, or a history of prior medical procedure. This condition most often affects young men, it is usually benign and self-limited. In this paper we present the case of a 21-year-old man who presents a spontaneous pneumomediastinum, then we are going to perform a brief review of the literature regarding the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical features and imaging findings in this entity.


Subject(s)
Humans , Mediastinal Emphysema , Pneumomediastinum, Diagnostic , Radiography , Multidetector Computed Tomography
4.
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases ; : 155-159, 2011.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-114360

ABSTRACT

Recently, a novel influenza A (H1N1) has been recognized as the cause of a worldwide respiratory infection outbreak. Although the symptoms of a novel influenza A (H1N1) are usually mild, the disease can cause severe illness and death. A complication of novel influenza A (H1N1) is pneumomediastinum, a rarely reported condition. We report a case of influenza A (H1N1) complicating pneumomediastinum with subcutaneous emphysema, which had initially presented with blood tinged sputum and chest pain. In addition, we demonstrate bronchoalveolar lavage in influenza A (H1N1).


Subject(s)
Bronchoalveolar Lavage , Chest Pain , Emphysema , Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype , Influenza, Human , Mediastinal Emphysema , Pneumomediastinum, Diagnostic , Pneumonia , Sputum , Subcutaneous Emphysema , Tolnaftate , Viruses
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