Political Efficacy and Health Policy Advocacy among nurses as mediated by Political Astuteness

INTRODUCTION@#Nurses' expertise and recommendations from nurses are essential sources of opinions and recommendations for policy development. Nurses must be actively involved in politics, and nursing could play an essential role in shaping health policy. However, the influence of political efficacy, political astuteness, and health policy advocacy exposes a gap in the current knowledge.@*DESIGN AND METHODS@#The study utilized descriptive correlational design and mediating analysis. Purposive sampling was used to select six hospitals in Ghana, and simple random sampling was used to select five hundred and seventy-nine nurses. The study used the Political Efficacy Scale, Social Justice Advocacy Scale, and the Political Astuteness Inventory. The data were analyzed by mean and Standard deviation, Pearson coefficient, ANOVA, and GLS mediation.@*RESULTS@#Nurses in Ghana had a low political efficacy and health policy advocacy. Moreover, political astuteness had moderate astuteness. A Pearson Correlation coefficient showed a moderately significant positive relationship between political efficacy and health policy advocacy. Furthermore, political astuteness and health policy advocacy showed a statistically significant low positive relationship. There was no significant difference in political efficacy and health policy advocacy when age, academic qualification, nurses' rank, and years of professional experience were considered. Political astuteness partially mediated the relationship between political efficacy and health policy advocacy.@*CONCLUSION@#Nurses in Ghana have limited belief in their ability to understand and affect politics and have limited participation in healthcare advocacy initiatives. Furthermore, nurse respondents have the adequate ability of a nurse to understand political knowledge, political participation, and legislative understanding to advocate health policies.

Factores de personalidad y variables mediadoras en su relación con la participación política de estudiantes universitarios/as / Personality traits and mediating variables in their relationship with the political participation of colleges students

Resumen El trabajo busca validar un modelo teórico predictivo que analiza los efectos directos e indirectos de los factores de personalidad (según el modelo de los Cinco Grandes Factores) sobre la participación política (PP), incorporando variables de la hipótesis de la mediación: valores políticos, auto posicionamiento ideológico, eficacia política interna e interés por la política. Se aplicó un cuestionario a N=555 estudiantes universitarios de Córdoba, Argentina, y se realizaron correlaciones bivariadas y un análisis de caminos con las variables en estudio. El trabajo confirma la relación directa de Extraversión y el auto posicionamiento ideológico con la PP, aunque evidencia que los factores de personalidad presentan sobre todo efectos indirectos en la PP, mediados en primer lugar por valores políticos, luego interés por la política, y finalmente la eficacia política interna.

Abstract The paper's main goal is to validate a predictive theoretical model that analyzes the direct and indirect effects of personality factors (according to the Big Five Factors model) on political participation (PP), incorporating variables from the mediation hypothesis: political values, ideological self-placement, internal political efficacy and interest in politics. A questionnaire was applied to N=555 college students from Córdoba, Argentina, and bivariate correlations and path analysis were performed with the variables under study. The study confirms the direct relationship of Extraversion and ideological self-positioning with PP, although it shows that personality factors have mostly indirect effects on PP, mediated first by political values, then interest in politics, and finally the internal political efficacy.

Efectos de los medios sociales en la eficacia política, capital social y participación política de los jóvenes universitarios en México y Colombia

En los últimos años se han incrementado los estudios académicos sobre los efectos de los medios sociales en la participación política convencional. Existen dos dimensiones que aparecen de manera constante en esta línea de investigación emergente: la construcción del capital social y el sentimiento de eficacia política. En el presente estudio se compara a dos grupos de jóvenes universitarios de dos diferentes países latinoamericanos (México y Colombia) en torno a sus respuestas de acciones que confirman su sentimiento de eficacia política, así como los elementos que les permiten construir capital social con la ayuda de los medios sociales. De igual manera, se lleva a cabo una relación de estos conceptos con su participación dentro y fuera de línea. Respecto a las conclusiones, no se encontraron grandes variaciones entre los dos grupos que participaron en el estudio. No obstante, los resultados confirman una tendencia que ha aparecido en otros estudios similares: la participación política dentro y fuera de línea tiene una fuerte relación entre sí, así como con los constructos de capital social y eficacia política.

Academic studies on the effects of social media on conventional political participation have increased in recent years. There are two dimensions that appear constantly in this line of emerging research: the construction of social capital and the sentiment of political efficacy. In this study, two groups of university students from different Latin American countries (Mexico and Colombia) are compared around their responses of actions that confirm their sentiment of political efficacy, as well as the elements that allow them to construct social capital with the help of the media, social. In the same way, these concepts are related to their participation inside and outside social media. Among the conclusions we found that there were no great variations between the two groups that participated in the study. However, the results confirm a trend that has been identified in other similar projects: political participation inside and outside social media has a strong relationship with each other, as well as with the constructs of social capital and political efficiency.

Os estudos acadêmicos sobre os efeitos das mídias sociais na participação política convencional aumentaram nos últimos anos. Existem duas dimensões que aparecem constantemente nessa linha de investigação emergente: a construção do capital social e o sentimento de eficacia política. Este estudo compara dois grupos de estudantes universitários de dois países latinoamericanos diferentes (México e Colômbia) em torno de suas respostas a ações que confirmam seu senso de eficacia política, bem como os elementos que lhes permitem construir capital social com a ajuda das mídias sociais. Da mesma forma, esses conceitos estão relacionados á sua participação dentro e fora da linha. Entre as conclusões, descobrimos que não houve grandes variações entre os dois grupos que participaram da pesquisa. Não obstante o que precede, os resultados confirmam uma tendência que foi identificada em outras pesquisas similares: a participação política dentro e fora da linha tem uma forte relação entre si, assim como com as construções de capital social e eficacia política.

Na semana das eleições: Uma análise da motivação eleitoral baseada na identidade nacional e na eficácia política / The week before elections: an analysis of the voting motivations based on national identity and political efficacy

Este estudo teve como objectivo analisar a motivação eleitoral dos Brasileiros com base na identificação nacional e na sua percepção de eficácia política, na semana que antecedeu as eleições de 5 de Outubro. Participaram no estudo 253 Brasileiros/as (120 do sexo masculino e133 do sexo feminino) entre os 18 e os 69 anos (M = 20.27, DP = 13.01), recrutados voluntariamente através de email e redes sociais. Os resultados mostraram que a motivação paravotar resulta de uma identificação nacional positiva, sendo esta relação mais forte nos indivíduos com elevados índices de eficácia política interna. Para além disso, a motivação para votar estátambém associada a uma avaliação positiva da Presidente da República, e a um sentimento de eficácia política externa. No global, estes resultados permitem compreender melhor algumasperceções e motivações do eleitorado Brasileiro, e sugerem que a participação eleitoral está associada a um clima de confiança e satisfação...

This study aimed to analyze Brazilians’ voting motivation, based on their national identification and perception of political efficacy, on the week before October 5th’s national elections. 253 Brazilians (120 male and 133 female), aged between 18 and 69 years old (M =20.27, SD = 13.01), participated in this research. Participants were volunteers, recruited by email and social networks. Results indicate that voting motivation is an outcome of a positive nationalidentification, and that this relation is stronger among those who report higher levels of internal political efficacy. Moreover, voting motivation is also associated with a positive evaluation of the Brazilian President, and with a greater perception of external political efficacy. In general, these results allow for a better understanding of perceptions and motivations of Brazilian electorate,and suggest that voting participation is linked to a general climate of satisfaction and confidence...

Political Interest, Political Efficacy, and Media Usage as Factors Influencing Political Participation in Hospital Nurses / 간호행정학회지

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify how political interest, efficacy and media usage influence political participation in hospital nurses. METHODS: Participants were 286 nurses, who were informed of the study purpose and agreed to participate. Data were collected during November and December, 2012 using a questionnaire on political interest, political efficacy, media usage and political participation. Data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe's test, Pearson Correlation Coefficients, and Multiple Stepwise Regression. RESULTS: Scores for political participation and political interest was average. The score for political efficacy was higher than average. Political participation was significantly different by education level, job career, position, and intention to vote in the election for the 18th President. Political participation had a moderate positive correlation with political interest (r=.50, p<.001), political efficacy (r=.32, p<.001) and media usage (r=.14, p=.022). Political interest (beta=.43) was the factor most influential on political participation, explaining 25% of the variance. A total of 32% of political participation was explained by political interest, political efficacy, and TV news or SNS for media use. CONCLUSION: The results suggest that it is necessary to develop strategies to promote political interest and political efficacy for hospital nurses to improve political participation.