ABSTRACT
As preferências do indivíduo têm papel relevante na relação entre desenho do trabalho e engajamento, mas são pouco exploradas. Este estudo adota um enfoque da psicologia positiva e se propõe a investigar duas hipóteses contraditórias, a primeira advinda da teoria de autodeterminação, que indica que a interação entre a característica do trabalho e as preferências do indivíduo não são relevantes para explicar o grau de engajamento (H1) e a segunda advinda das teorias de fit que afirma que essa interação acrescenta à explicação do fenômeno (H2). Foram testadas as características do desenho do trabalho de conhecimento, autonomia e suporte social. A amostra de 341 trabalhadores respondeu as escalas de Engajamento e Desenho do Trabalho. Foram realizadas análises fatoriais confirmatórias, regressões polinomiais e análises de superfície do padrão de respostas. As características do trabalho explicaram significativamente o nível de engajamento. A interação entre o desenho do trabalho e as preferências do indivíduo acrescentou explicação ao modelo, com exceção do suporte social. Conclui-se que, a depender do tipo de característica, é preciso analisar a preferência do trabalhador ao se promover redesenho do trabalho ou para fazer a alocação de pessoal.
The individual's needs play a relevant role in the relationship between work characteristics and engagement, but they are little explored. This study aims to analyze the interaction between individual and context to predict engagement, testing hypotheses derived from Self-Determination Theory and fit studies. A sample of 341 workers responded to the Engagement at Work and Work Design scales. Confirmatory factor analysis, polynomial regression, and response surface analysis were used to test the hypotheses. Knowledge characteristics, autonomy, and social support significantly explained the level of engagement. The interaction between work characteristics and the worker's desire added explanation to the model, except for social support. In conclusion it is necessary to analyze the workers' desire for a given characteristic to develop work designs that promote higher engagement.
Las necesidades del individuo tienen importante papel en la relación entre características del trabajo y engagement, pero son poco exploradas. Este estudio analizó la interacción entre el individuo y el contexto para predecir el engagement, probando hipótesis derivadas de la teoría de la autodeterminación y de los estudios de fit. La muestra de 341 trabajadores respondió las escalas de Engagement y Diseño del Trabajo. Se realizaron análisis factoriales confirmatorios, regresiones polinomiales y análisis de superficie de las respuestas para comprobar las hipótesis. Las características del conocimiento, autonomía y soporte social en el trabajo explicaron significativamente el nivel de engagement. La interacción entre las características del trabajo y el deseo del trabajador añadió explicación al modelo, con excepción del soporte social. Se concluye que, a depender del tipo de característica, es necesario examinar el grado de deseo del trabajador por aquella característica para desarrollar dibujos del trabajo que promuevan más engagement.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the relationship between social isolation ( SI) and relationship quality(RQ) of college couples at individual and matching level. Methods The SI and average RQ of 187 college couples were surveyed,and a quadratic polynomial regression with response surface analysis was used to conduct the cross-sectional study. Results The scores of SI were ( 1.81± 0.89) in males and ( 1.71 ± 0.80) in females,while the score of average RQ was ( 5.34 ± 0.89).SI had a negative linear correlation (male:r＝－0.21,P＜0.01; female:r＝－0.17,P＜0.05) and a U-shaped correlation (male:β＝0.163,P＜0.01;female:β＝0.186,P＜0.01) with RQ.When SI of the two partners was similar,their matching predicted RQ negatively (β＝－0.62,P＜0.01) and had a U-shaped correlation (β＝0.25,P＜0.01) with RQ,but when they were not,their matching only had a U-shaped correlation (β＝0.45,P＜0.01) with RQ.Conclusion Individ-uals in a relationship or couples may have higher RQ when SI is high.When the couple’s SI is quite differ-ent,the bigger the difference,the higher RQ might be.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the influence of lovers''communication patterns and matching on their depression symptoms. Methods 300 pairs of dating couple were recruited from nine universities in Hebei,Henan,Beijing and Shanghai by convenience sampling principle. They were asked to fulfill the com-munication patterns questionnaire-short form and center for epidemiologic studies depression scale.Polynomial regression model with response surface method was adopted to analyze the results. Results ( 1) The scores of demands/withdraw,completely avoid,constructive communication of boys and girls were (3.93±1.10,4.10 ±1.09)(6.65±1.70,6.49±1.74)(3.85±1.70,4.02±1.98),and the scores of depression of boys and girls were (1.60±0.42,1.61±0.42).Boys depression was significantly positive correlated with its own demands/withdraw communication( r=0.222, P<0.01),and significantly positive correlated with girls demands/with-draw communication ( r=0.118, P< 0.05).Girls depression was significantly negative correlated with con-structive communication of their own( r=-0.407, P<0.01),and significantly negative correlated with the boys constructive communication ( r=-0.306, P<0.01). (2)Demand/withdraw communication could predict their own depression positively both for males and females( t=5.489,b=0.267, P<0.01, t=2.538,b=0.138, P<0.05).Constructive communication could predict depression negatively both for males and females( t=-5.158,b=0.382, P<0.01;t=-4.539,b=0.299, P<0.001 ).Males'' avoidance communication pattern could predict their own depression positively( t=1.918,b=0.174, P<0.05).(3)Males''constructive communication scores could predict females'' depression negatively( t=-3.306,b=0.189, P<0.01 ).(4)The consistency of communication pattern could influence couples'' depression. Conclusion Constructive communication con-tributes to lovers'' mental health and reduce the probability of their depression;Demand/withdraw communi-cation and avoidance communication increase their depression risk.
ABSTRACT
Estimation of time since death from rectal cooling with the help of polynomial regression model is the subject of discussion in the present study. Though in literature various models are available but their complex modeling structure and calculation, restricted their application for real life situations, particularly in climatic conditions where the room temperature varies between 60.33o to 91.97 o F like of Chandigarh zone of India. The present study is an attempt to provide a suitable model for estimation of time since death in such conditions. Nonetheless, with the help of polynomial regression model, time since death can be estimated with SE estimate of 0.12947 hours and 0.410277 hours in summer and winter respectively. Moreover, this model has produced smaller confidence and prediction intervals.