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Resumo Objetivo: Este estudo teve por objetivo investigar a influência do Partner Phubbing (Pphubbing) no Bem-Estar subjetivo (BES) e na satisfação com o relacionamento. Método: Participaram 217 pessoas com média de idade de 25 anos (min. 18, máx. 53 e dp=5,98), sendo 62,2 % do sexo feminino. Estes responderam às escalas de Partner phubbing (Pphubbing), afetos positivos e negativos, satisfação com a vida, satisfação com o relacionamento e questionário sociodemográfico. Os dados foram analisados através do SPSS (v.22). Resultados: Foi encontrado uma correlação negativa entre Pphubbing e afetos positivos (r= -0,32; p<0,01), satisfação com a vida (r= -0,13; p<0,01) e satisfação com o relacionamento (r= -0,38 p<0,01), como também apresentou uma correlação positiva entre Pphubbing e afetos negativos (r=0,33; p<0,01). Através da regressão, o Pphubbing mostrou influência na satisfação com o relacionamento (β= -0,38; p<0,001), afetos positivos (β=-0,32; p<0,001) e afetos negativos (β=0,33; p<0,001). Conclusões: Os resultados sugerem que os participantes que sofrem mais phubbing de seus parceiros tendem a ter menos satisfação com o relacionamento, assim como menos Bem-Estar Subjetivo. Assim, este é um artigo com resultados inéditos para o Brasil e um dos poucos no mundo a avaliar quantitativamente o phubbing nos relacionamentos amorosos. Desta forma, contribui para o fomento de futuras pesquisas na área e para o embasamento de intervenções e ações de conscientização acerca do uso saudável do Smartphone.
Resumen Objetivo: Este estudio tuvo por objetivo investigar la influencia del Partner Phubbing (Pphubbing) en el bienestar subjetivo y la satisfacción en las relaciones amorosas. Método: En el estudio participaron 217 personas con una media de edad de 25 años (min. 18, máx. 53 y dp = 5,98), siendo el 62,2 % del sexo femenino. Estos respondieron a las escalas de Pphubbing, afectos positivos y negativos, satisfacción con la vida, escala de satisfacción con la relación y cuestionario sociodemográfico. Los datos fueron analizados a través del SPSS (v.22). Resultados: Se encontró una correlación negativa y significativa entre el phubbing y los afectos positivos (r= -0,32, p<0,01), la satisfacción con la vida (r= -0,13; p<0,01) y la satisfacción con la relación (r= -0,38 p<0,01), como también presentó una correlación significativa, positiva y moderada entre el phubbing y los afectos negativos (r=0,33; p<0,01). A través de la regresión, el Pphubbing mostró influencia en la satisfacción con la relación (β=-0,38; p<0,001), afectos positivos (β=-0,32; p<0,001) y afectos negativos (β=0,33; p<0,001). Conclusiones: Los resultados sugieren que los participantes que sufren más phubbing de sus parejas tienden a tener menos satisfacción con la relación, así como menos bienestar subjetivo. Por lo tanto, este es un artículo con resultados inéditos para Brasil y uno de los pocos en el mundo en evaluar cuantitativamente el phubbing en las relaciones amorosas. De esta forma, contribuye al fomento de futuras investigaciones en el área y para el basamento de intervenciones y acciones de concientización acerca del uso saludable del Smartphone.
Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to research partner phubbing´s influence (phubbing) on subjective well-being and romantic relationships' satisfaction. Method: The study included 217 participants with a mean age of 25 years (minimum age = 18, maximum age 53, and dp = 5.98), 62,2 % being female. They responded to the phubbing scales, positive and negative effects, life satisfaction, relationship satisfaction scale, and sociodemographic questionnaire. The data were analyzed through the SPSS software (v.22). Results: A significant and negative correlation was found between phubbing and positive effects (r = −0.32, p < 0.01), life satisfaction (r = −0.13, p < 0.01), and relationship satisfaction (r = −0.38, p < 0.01), as it also presented a significant, positive, and moderate correlation between phubbing and negative effects (r = 0.33, p < 0.01). Through the regression, phubbing showed an influence on the relationship satisfaction (β = −0.38, p < 0.001), positive effects (β = −0.32, p < 0.001), and negative effects (β = 0.33, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The results suggest that those who experience more phubbing from their partners tend to be less satisfied with their relationship, as well as have less subjective well-being. Therefore, this article offers unprecedented results for Brazil, one of the few in the world to quantitatively evaluate phubbing in romantic relationships. In this way, it contributes to encouraging future research in the area and provides a basis for interventions and awareness actions regarding the healthy use of smartphone.
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Abstract There are few studies on parental socialization of positive emotions in adolescents and few instruments that measure these parental reactions. Therefore, we developed a new version of the Emotion Socialization Scale (ESS) for the positive emotion of overjoy. We further provided some evidence of validity and reliability of the Portuguese ESS, featuring overjoy, fear, anger, and sadness. Adolescents (N = 418) answered questionnaires on maternal emotion socialization and maternal rearing practices. Confirmatory factor analysis achieved good (reward, neglect, override, magnify) to acceptable (punish) levels of fit, and scales had good levels of internal consistency, except for punish (all emotions) and neglect (overjoy). Association with maternal rearing practices supported the adaptive role of reward and magnify and the less adaptive role of punish, override, neglect of positive emotion, with some exceptions. This investigation demonstrated the importance of assessing parents' reactions to adolescents' positive emotion as these may be important indicators of the parent-adolescent relationship quality.
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Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Socialization , Translations , Child Rearing/psychology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Reproducibility of Results , Emotions , Portugal , PsychometricsABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the relationship between medical college students' music preference and positive emotion,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction.Methods A self-designed music preference questionnaire,the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS),Index of Well-being (IWB)and Life Satisfaction Scales Applicable to College Students (CSLSS) were used to test 571 college students and SPSS 20.0 was adopted to establish the database of all the data for statistical description,t test and Analysis of Variance.Results ① the positive emotion scores of medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 29.91 and 29.14 respectively) are significantly higher than those of students who like sorrow music (average score is 27.31);the positive emotion score for the students who are active in music activities is obviously higher than that of the students who are passive to accept music.② the index of subject well-being for medical college students who are fond of lively music and calm music (average scores are 10.46 and 10.40 respectively) is significantly higher than that for the students who like sorrow music (average score is 9.60).③ in terms of the attitude towards the music participation,the scores in objective life satisfaction (P＜0.05),subjective life satisfaction (P＜0.01) and general life satisfaction (P＜0.01) for medical college students who participate in music activity with others are significantly higher than those for students involved in music activity alone.Conclusion Medical college students' positive emotions,subjective well-being as well as life satisfaction and music preferences are closely related.In the process of psychological health education,attaching great importance to the cultivation and guidance of medical students music preferences will play a positive role in the psychological health for medical college students.
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Objective:To investigate the cognition of doctor groups in a class A tertiary hospital in Shaanxi province to the doctor-patient relationship. Methods:212 doctors in hospital were randomly selected for ques-tionnaire survey. Data was analyzed by SPSS16. 0 software, using the statistical methods of check sum and riance analysi. Based on role theory and emotion sociology, this paper discussed the influence of professional role and e-motional experience on the doctor-patient relationship. Results:The doctors with different genders, titles, edu-cational background and working years had no significant difference in the evaluation of doctor-patient relationship ( P>0 . 05 ) , and the doctor-patient relationship of surgery department and pediatric department was more tense than that of internal medicine, gynecology and other departments (P<0. 05). 81. 2％ of the doctors believed that doctor-patient relationship was disharmonious, and this role emotional experience came from patient visiting be-havior, media coverage, self-evaluation of occupation and signing the"red envelope agreement" and so on. Con-clusion:Many factors such as institution, patient, media, income and lack of right, can induce doctors' negative emotional experience and reduce their role identity. To construct harmonious doctor-patient relationship needs to pay attention to doctor group firstly, and arouse doctors' positive emotion from different social levels to make them attain basic role right.
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Objective:To explore the mediating effect of positive emotion on relationship between cognition reappraisal and meaning of life in freshmen.Methods:Totally 192 freshmen[62 males and 130 females,aged 18 to 22 years,mean age (20 ± 2) years] were assessed with the Chinese version of the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ),Positive words of the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS) and Chinese version of the Meaning of Life Questionnaire (MLQ).Interval of 3 months of longitudinal data was used to investigate the mediating role of positive emotions in cognitive reappraisal sense and meaning of life.Results:The EPQ scores were positively correlated with the scores of PA,MLQ-P,and MLQ-S(r =0.17-0.26,Ps ＜ 0.05).The PA scores were positively correlated with the scores of MLQ-P and MLQ-S (r =0.16-0.35,Ps ＜0.05).Bootstrap test showed that positive emotions mediated meaning of life through cognitive reappraisal (95％ CI:0.065-0.295).The structural equation model proved to exhibit an appropriate data fit (x2/df=1.58,RMSEA =0.06,CFI =0.98,GFI =0.95).Conclusion:It indicates that cognitive reappraisal is related to meaning of life and positive emotions,and positive emotions mediate the relationship between cognitive reappraisal and meaning of life among freshmen.
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Objective To explore the relationship among emotional resilience,stress and school adjustment.Methods Adolescent life events check-list,adolescent emotional resilience scale and school adjustment scale of middle school students were conducted among 394 junior high school students.Results (1)The emotional resilience score and emotion recovery score of male junior high school students(46.07±8.56,24.43±5.80) were higher than that of female ones(44.39±8.39,23.27±5.37),and the differences were statistically significant(t=1.97,2.05,P＜0.05).The total score of emotional resilience(45.46±8.50,44.83±8.56) was not statistically related with whether they were the only children(t=0.68,P=0.50).The emotional resilience score and positive emotion score of rural junior high school students(44.04±8.53,20.63±5.35)were lower than that of urban ones (46.46± 8.34,22.15 ±4.72),and the differences were statistically significant(t=-2.86,-2.99,P＜0.01).The total score of emotional resilience (47.23±7.82,44.63±8.45,43.00±8.97) in different grades was statistically significant (F=8.86,P=0.00),and the first grade students were higher than the second and third year students.(2)Psychological stress was negatively related with emotional resilience and school adjustment(r=-0.23～-0.35,P＜0.01),and emotional resilience was positively correlated with school adjustment(r=0.12 ～ 0.29,P＜0.01).The relationship between stress and school adjustment were mediated by positive emotion and emotional recovery (the mediating effect were 11.11％,21.15％).Conclusion Frotional resilience plays a mediating role between psychological stress and school adjustment.
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OBJECTIVE: This study aims to identify self-reported stressors in the Korean community-dwelling elderly and examine their effects on subjective well-being. METHODS: The subjects of this research were 1,010 elderly people who lived in Suwon, Korea. Each subject was administered the questionnaires regarding the socio-demographic characteristics, self-reported stressors, Concise Measure of Subjective Well-Being (COMOSWB) consisting of life satisfaction, positive emotion and negative emotion, Mini-Mental State Examination for dementia screening and Short Form Geriatric Depression Scale-Korean version. Statistical analyses including the Pearson's correlation test and multiple linear regressions were performed in this study. RESULTS: In our adjusted model for confounding variables, stress from physical problems (S-PP) (ss=-0.133, p<0.001), stress from loneliness or solitude (S-LS) (ss=-0.077, p=0.007), stress from family members (S-FM) (ss=-0.083, p=0.001) were negatively associated with the total score of COMOSWB. In subscale analyses of COMOSWB, we also found that S-PP (ss=-0.184, p<0.001), S-LS (ss=-0.077, p=0.014), stress from economic problems (ss=-0.072, p=0.021) were negatively associated with life satisfaction score. While S-PP (ss=-0.140, p<0.001) and S-FM (ss=-0.079, p=0.003) were negatively associated with positive emotion score, S-FM (ss=0.105, p=0.001) and stress from friends and neighbors (ss=0.072, p=0.016) were positively associated with negative emotion score. CONCLUSION: Stresses from physical problems, loneliness, and family members might be associated with subjective well-being in the elderly. While life satisfaction appears to be affected by one's perceived physical health status, loneliness, and economic conditions, positive and negative emotions appear to be affected by relationships with family members, friends, or neighbors.
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Aged , Humans , Dementia , Depression , Friends , Korea , Linear Models , Loneliness , Mass Screening , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective To explore the effect of psychological capital on nurses′job performance and satisfaction and the mediating role of positive emotion. Methods 523 nurses employed in eight hospitals in Anhui province were selected through multistage sampling and interviewed using questionnaires . Structural equation modeling was used to test the proposed relationships. Results Nurses′psychological capital was significantly positive correlated with positive emotion (r=0.473), job performance (r=0.505) and satisfaction (r=0.358), all P<0.01. Nurses′positive emotion was also significantly positive correlated with job performance (r=0.343) and satisfaction (r=0.452) , all P<0.01. The mediating test showed that nurses′positive emotion acted as a partial mediator between psychological capital and job satisfaction while medium effect accounting for 61.5%(0.24/0.39) of the whole effect. Nurses′positive emotion also played a role of being a partial mediator between psychological capital and two aspects of job performance, professional development ability and scientific research innovation ability,while medium effect accounting for 10.0%(0.06/0.60) and 12.9%(0.08/0.62) of the whole effect, respectively. Conclusions Psychological capital affects nurses′job performance and satisfaction and suggests nurses′positive emotion play a role of being a partial mediator in this relationship.
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Objective To explore the features of functional networks about recognizing dynamically positive expression with using magnetoencephalography (MEG) technology and the paradigm of expressional experiment, and further to examine its neurological basis. Methods Twelve depressed patients and twelve age,education-matched healthy controls participated to recognize the dynamically positive expression in the MEG scans. Results In comparison with the healthy,the abnormally activities regions in depressed patients during different time periods were separately as follow;decreased activation in the right inferior parietal lobule(t = 3.94),the right su-pramarginal gyms(t = 3.59),the bilateral posterior cingulated(t = 5. 04, t = 4. 85) ,the bilateral precuneus(t = 3.84) ,the left cuneus(t = 3.58) and increased activation in the bilateral hippocampus(t = 2. 13, t = 2.56) ,the left amygdale(t = 2.41), the bilateral uncus gyrus(t = 2.33, t = 2.44) , the right anterior cingulated (t = 2. 15) , the left fusiform gyms (t = 3. 33) (P < 0. 05, unconnected). Conclusion The results indicate, compared with healthy controls,abnormal brain activities as the weakened function of the medial temporal cortex,parietal lobe and the enhanced function of limbic system were distributed extensively in depressed patients during recognizing dynamically positive expression. These abnormalities may prompt the dynamic characteristics of the magnetic source imaging about recognizing dynamically positive expression,and further reveals the mechanisms of emotional symptoms in depression.
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To explore whether or not patients with schizophrenia display a more profound impairment of negative emotion processing, we assessed the implicit evaluation of positive and negative emotional stimuli. Twenty patients with schizophrenia (9 paranoid, 11 non-paranoid) and 22 normal controls were instructed to classify emotional pictures according to the intrinsic valence if the pictures were black and white. If the stimuli were color-filtered, participants were instructed to press the positive/negative response key according to the extrinsic valence (assigned valence of color). The error rates of the color-filtered stimuli were used as dependent measures. Normal controls made more errors on trials of the positive pictures when the correct response was the negative response key than when the correct response was the positive response key. The reverse was true on trials of the negative pictures. Patients with schizophrenia, especially paranoid schizophrenia, committed more errors in trials of the positive pictures when the correct response key was the negative response key. However, the reverse was not true on trials of the negative pictures. These findings suggest that patients with paranoid schizophrenia might suffer from an impaired ability to evaluate negative emotions and have a loosening of association within their negative emotional networks.
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Male , Humans , Female , Adult , Visual Perception , Schizophrenic Psychology , Schizophrenia, Paranoid/physiopathology , Mental Processes , Emotions , AffectABSTRACT
To explore whether or not patients with schizophrenia display a more profound impairment of negative emotion processing, we assessed the implicit evaluation of positive and negative emotional stimuli. Twenty patients with schizophrenia (9 paranoid, 11 non-paranoid) and 22 normal controls were instructed to classify emotional pictures according to the intrinsic valence if the pictures were black and white. If the stimuli were color-filtered, participants were instructed to press the positive/negative response key according to the extrinsic valence (assigned valence of color). The error rates of the color-filtered stimuli were used as dependent measures. Normal controls made more errors on trials of the positive pictures when the correct response was the negative response key than when the correct response was the positive response key. The reverse was true on trials of the negative pictures. Patients with schizophrenia, especially paranoid schizophrenia, committed more errors in trials of the positive pictures when the correct response key was the negative response key. However, the reverse was not true on trials of the negative pictures. These findings suggest that patients with paranoid schizophrenia might suffer from an impaired ability to evaluate negative emotions and have a loosening of association within their negative emotional networks.
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Male , Humans , Female , Adult , Visual Perception , Schizophrenic Psychology , Schizophrenia, Paranoid/physiopathology , Mental Processes , Emotions , AffectABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) tends to take chronic course as schizophrenia. Researchers reported that OC patients had idiosyncratic sensitivity to threat-related information, while schizophrenic patients were reported to have affective blunting. We hypothesized that there might be a difference in emotional response between OCD and SPR in cronic phase. METHODS: Eight different emotional tasks were done by 25 healthy controls, 21 OCD patients and 25 SPR patients. Visual stimuli were made by pairing two words or pictures. Four kinds of emotional stimuli(positive, negative, combined and neutral) were presented to subjects through monitor and they were asked to report their subjective feelings by pushing mouse button. In the combined condition, a pair of positive words (or pictures) and negative words (or pictures) were presented simultaneously. The responses and response time were recorded and analyzed using SPSS 9.0 package. RESULTS: In the negative condition, OCD group didn't show any deficit compared to healthy group. But SPR group showed significantly lower appropriate response rate than healthy group. In the combined condition, OCD and healthy control group showed 'negativity bias' which SPR group didn't show. In the positive condition, however, OCD and SPR groups did show significantly lower appropriate response rate than healthy controls. CONCLUSION: Our results suggested that OCD patients may not have deficits in the processing of negative emotion even in the chronic phase but to have a specific deficit in positive emotion. This result supports the 'threat-relatedness hypothesis' on attentional bias of OCD.
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Animals , Humans , Mice , Electronic Data Processing , Bias , Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder , Reaction Time , SchizophreniaABSTRACT
Objective:To explore the relationship among procrastination behavior,meta -cognitive and emotion of university students.Methods:A total of 468 undergraduates from 4 universities were surveyed by GPS,PANAS and MCQ-30.Results:①The undergraduates from liberal arts colleges reported more procrastination behavior than those from science colleges.② Cognitive confidence,positive beliefs,uncontrollability/danger,tendency to control thoughts,and negative emotion positively correlated to procrastination behavior;cognitive self-consciousness and positively emotion negatively correlated to procrastination behavior.③ Cognitive confidence,uncontrollability/danger and negative emotion could positively predict procrastination behavior.④Negative emotion mediated the relationship between uncontrollability/danger and procrastination behavior.Conclusion:Uncontrollability and danger are a significant predicator of procrastination behavior,and negative emotion has a significant mediation effect on the relationship between uncontrollability/danger and procrastination behavior.