The Seamless Transition of Medical Education from Pre- to Post-graduate Training: Approach from Outcome-based Education / 医学教育

In the past, pre-graduate medical education and clinical training have not been sufficiently discussed and consistent training of physicians has not been carried out because the entities that implement the studies are different. In order to realize high quality pre-graduate education and post-graduate clinical training, and to promote seamless training of physicians, it is necessary to establish a system of medical education. It is also necessary to consider the outcomes of pre-graduate medical education and clinical training to maintain consistency in the review of clinical training system for physicians in 2020. This paper discusses the Model Core Curriculum for Medical Education and clinical training from the perspective of outcome-based education for consistent physician training.

Current Challenges and Future Opportunities for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Japan

Japan has been facing a serious shortfall of child and adolescent psychiatric workforce relative to increasing service needs. Likely because of a combination of limited workforce supply and limited trust or perception of effectiveness, mental health services are under-utilized by the educational and child welfare systems. Child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) has not been a formally established specialty in Japan. The lack of basic structure in the specialty most likely contributes to a lack of training facilities, limited exposure to and interest in the specialty, and hence an inadequate workforce. To date, there exists no standardized training program for CAP in Japan and each training hospital determines its own teaching curriculum and training content. Clinical experience in CAP varies greatly among hospitals. To solve current problems in child and adolescent psychiatry in Japan, we advocate for the development and establishment of a more standardized child and adolescent psychiatry training system that is akin to what exists in the US and that teaches and evaluates according to specific competencies. Through standardizing care and education and ultimately improving workforce, the quality of mental health services can be raised. The tragic and costly consequences of unidentified and untreated mental illness in youth can be avoided by taking timely evidence based actions in partnership with others.

Current Challenges and Future Opportunities for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry in Japan

Japan has been facing a serious shortfall of child and adolescent psychiatric workforce relative to increasing service needs. Likely because of a combination of limited workforce supply and limited trust or perception of effectiveness, mental health services are under-utilized by the educational and child welfare systems. Child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP) has not been a formally established specialty in Japan. The lack of basic structure in the specialty most likely contributes to a lack of training facilities, limited exposure to and interest in the specialty, and hence an inadequate workforce. To date, there exists no standardized training program for CAP in Japan and each training hospital determines its own teaching curriculum and training content. Clinical experience in CAP varies greatly among hospitals. To solve current problems in child and adolescent psychiatry in Japan, we advocate for the development and establishment of a more standardized child and adolescent psychiatry training system that is akin to what exists in the US and that teaches and evaluates according to specific competencies. Through standardizing care and education and ultimately improving workforce, the quality of mental health services can be raised. The tragic and costly consequences of unidentified and untreated mental illness in youth can be avoided by taking timely evidence based actions in partnership with others.

Understanding and choice of medical students regarding to basic and specialised training in medicine / Монголын Анагаах Ухаан

Background. Due to strengthening of understanding and scope for health service, in different countries of the World, there are wider range of medical specialized trainings newly emerged by quantity and quality. According to the researchers number of factors influence in choice of specialty among medical students and young professionals such as: age, gender, income status, judgement of vocation and prestige. Evaluation on understanding, choice and basic concepts of specialized training, among undergraduate medical stu¬dent and lack of information and research related to thi question lead to motivation and justification of this research. Goal. Goal of this research is to determine the understanding and choice of specialized postgraduate training among medical students. Objectives: 1. To determine the understanding of the basic and specialized vocational training among medical student 2. To determine the choice of the basic and specialized vocational training among medical student 3. To study choice of medical students on basic and specialized vocational training in relation to the needs of health sector. Material and methods. Research has been conducted among 157 medical students of HSUM who are at the 6th year and 74 medical students of Ach Medical institute and used cross-sectional study with quantitative and qualita¬tive descriptive methods. Statistic analysis has been done by SPSS-17 program. Results. 61 students or 26,4% of all participants had a sufficient knowledge about basic and specialized vocational training,where149 or 64,5% had a moderate knowledge, and 21 or 9,1% had an insufficient knowledge. Understanding of duration and fees of basic vocational training were higher than specialized training ( p<0.0001). Source of information of 118 or 51.1% of all participants were from schools and teachers, where 115 or 49.8% were from friends, but information gathered from doctors were more grounded than from other resources. Research shows 207 participants or 89.6% had decided on choice of basic vocational training and 24 participants or 10.4% had not decided yet. If we look into sectors, 53 participants or 25.6% have chosen internal medicine, 51 or 24.6% have chosen surgery, 33 or 15.9% have chosen obstetric and gynecology, 20or 9.6% have chosen ultrasound diagnostics. Among participants, 64.1% have chosen specialized vocational training, and 35.9% were no decision yet. Choice of basic vocational training was determined by gender: internal medicine ( p<0.001), obstetric and gynecol¬ogy (p<0.008), pediatric (p<0.041) were chosen by female students, and surgery(p<0.0001), orthopedic (p<0.007), were chosen by male students, But married students preliminary chosen fields like pediatrics ( p<0.040), imaging diagnostics (p<0.013). Speciality as a general practitioner or family doctor have been chosen by no ne of them. In our country medical specialists in obstetric and gynecology, pediatric, internal medicine, surgery, anaesthesiol¬ogy, intensive care and family medicine are highly in demand. For instance, there are 25 pediatric doctors, 30 anaesthesiologists, 40 gynecologists in need of due to the demand of the first and third maternal hospitals, National child and maternal health center and UB city Health department ( MOH, order 120). 71% of all participants have chosen by their own interest, 59.75% did not have any effort to seek imminent existing post and 67.1% did not know about job description and duties of chosen work. Conclusions: 1. More than half of all participants (64.5% ) have moderate knowledge on basic and specialized vocational train¬ing, and overoll understanding, fees, duration of basic vocational training are higher than of specialized training (p<0.0001). 2. 89.6% of all participants have chosen their basic training and major fields were internal medicine, surgery, ob¬stetric and gynecology, the preliminary choice depend on gender(p<0.001, p<0.0001, p<0.008). Also 64.1% of participants have chosen their specialized training direction 3. 71% of all participants have chosen by their own interest, 59.75% did not have any effort to seek imminent existing post and 67.1% did not know about job description and duties of chosen work.

The mechanism innovation and practical exploration about training post-graduate research capacity / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The research capacity in post-graduate education process is an important content,also an important indicator of educational outcomes.School of Medicine and Health Management of Hangzhou Normal University has done a bold exploration at this area,making the integration and innovation,from the management system to the practical operation,from the school management to the society support.Considering the compound characteristics of Social Medicine and Health Service Management specialty,the school has designed the "ladder" training research capacity programs by playing the school system,teacher roles and social support,and many other forces,in order to ensure and enhance the research capability of post-graduates.