ABSTRACT
@#This scoping review aimed to review studies on gonadal effects and time of recovery post-irradiation, and the approaches taken to manage the condition. A literature search was performed via three directories and databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar. A total of 41 articles fulfilled the inclusion criteria of the study. The study populations primarily involved rectal cancer and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. In general, there were 65 % of cases reported in female involved ovarian failure and dysfunction, while 36.4 % of cases reported in male showed hypogonadism, as the side effects from pelvic irradiation. The most common interventions were pre-treatment interventions, such as ovarian transposition. However, information on the time of recovery was limited from these studies. The review shows that more evidences exist for the potency and effectiveness of pre-treatment interventions such as ovarian transposition in preserving the ovarian function post pelvic irradiation. Expansion of this review on participants with identical criteria can be performed, to permit further understanding of the post-irradiation gonadal effects.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the microhardness of posterior composite resins at different depths varying the post-irradiation time. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For each composite resin [Solitaire 2 (SO) - Heraus Kulzer, P60 (P) - 3M, Prodigy Condesable (PC) - Kerr, Surefil (S) - Dentsply and Alert (A) - Pentron], 6 specimens (3 mm in diameter; 4mm high) were prepared using a black polyurethane cylindrical matrix. The resins were inserted in a bulk increment and light cured for 40 seconds. Microhardness was analyzed at different depths (top, 0.4 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0mm, 3.0 mm and 4.0 mm) and at two moments (20 minutes and 24 hours after light-curing). Data were analyzed by ANOVA and Tukey's test (p<0.05). RESULTS: Overall, microhardness means decreased significantly with the increase of depth, being lower in the first moment tested. P, S and PC showed the highest microhardness means. CONCLUSION: It may be concluded that the tested composite resins presented a gradual decrease of microhardness as depth increased and this drop was more accentuated for depths beyond 2 mm. For all materials, higher microhardness means were recorded 24 hours after light activation. P60 yielded the best results at the different depths evaluated.