ABSTRACT
Objective Although the correlation between high risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) infection and cervical cancer ( CC ) or cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN ) is well known , vaginal cancer ( VC ) or vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia ( VAIN) also caused by hrHPV has not received enough attention .This article aims to explore the clinical characteristics of VC or VAIN after operations of CC or CIN in order to provide evidence for the treatment of these diseases . Methods The clinical charac-teristics and treatment of 15 cases with VC or VAIN after operations of CC or CIN were reviewed from Jan 2010 to May 2013 in our hos-pital. Results The mean age was (53.6 ±10.82) years, ranged from 39 to 73 years.The duration from the first operation to devel-oped VAIN or VC was (25.07 ±18.31) months, ranged from 1 to 60 months.There are 4 cases developed VC, 4 cases VAINⅢand 2 cases VINⅡfrom 10 CC patients;and 3 cases developed VC , 2 cases VAINⅢfrom 5 CINⅢpatients.hrHPV test were positive in all 15 patients.Treatment in these series were performed including total vaginectomy in 8 patients (3 VC, 4 VAINⅢ and 1 VAINⅡpatients), pelvic lymphonectomy in 1;upper vaginectomy in 2 patients (1 VC, 1 VAINⅢ), radiation or chemo-radiation therapy in 3 (3 VC), interferon muscle injection combined with topical application of estrogen and acyclovir gel in 2 (1 VC, 1 VAINⅡ). Conclusion Careful follow-up after CC or CIN operations are very important because continued hrHPV infection may result VC and VAIN lesions.Vaginectomy may be the best therapy .Interferon muscle injection combined with topical application of estrogen and acyclovir gel are also alternatively therapy , especially for hard to operate patients . Radiation therapy seems to be not very adaptable for VAIN patients .