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Background: Contraception is the intentional use of artificial methods or other techniques to prevent pregnancy as a consequence of sexual intercourse. Progesterone only injectables are highly effective in preventing in pregnancy as they do not rely on daily usage of contraceptions as such as oral contraceptive pills and barrier methods. Injection depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) is an effective contraceptive method in lactating mother and postabortal patients. Aims and Objectives: The aims of this study were to study utilization pattern, acceptance, effectiveness, and adverse effects of DMPA in postpartum and postabortal women. Materials and Methods: It was a prospective and observational single-center study and was conducted at tertiary care teaching hospital. The data were collected in patient received Inj. DMPA 150 mg intra muscularly immediately after abortion and delivery before discharge. The follow-up was done after administration of DMPA (usually every 3 months). Results: In this study, 56 (53.34%) patients were in the age group of 18–25 years, while 38 (36.19%) patients were 26–35 years whereas 11 (10.47%) were more than 36 years. Out of 105 patients, 12 patients were administered only one injection, 16 patients administered two injections and 16 patients given three injections of DMPA. Common adverse effects of DMPA are irregular bleeding (43.8%), amenorrhea (22.8%), and heavy bleeding (5.7%). Out of 24 patient who developed amenorrhea after injections of DMPA, total 11 patients had amenorrhea after fourth injection, 5 patients after first injection, and 2 patients after second injection of DMPA. Average time for return of fertility after last injection of DMPA was 9 months. Conclusion: DMPA is very effective contraceptive and apart from menstrual troubles that there are no significant major side (weight gain, mood changes, etc.) effects related to its use. DMPA may cause a delay in the return of fertility, the return of fertility takes 7–10 months from date of last injection, but it is completely reversible.
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Background: Centchroman a non-steroidal selective estrogen receptor modifier (SERM). It is highly effective contraceptive which is devoid of side effects of COCs and there is prompt return of fertility upon discontinuation. Data in terms of its acceptability and continuation rates is limited when compared to combined oral contraceptive (COC). Therefore, the study was planned to study the acceptability, efficacy and continuation rates of centchroman and compare it with the combined oral contraceptives.Methods: The study was a prospective interventional comparative randomized study carried out in the department of obstetrics and gynecology VMMC and SJH, New Delhi, for a period of 18 months from November 2018 to April 2019.Results: A total of 945 women were screened and finally 240 women who met the criteria were recruited in 2 study groups of 120 women each. Majority were in the age group 18-28 years in either groups. Patients were followed up at 2nd week and then at 1st, 3rd, 6th and 12th months after initiation of the OCP with no loss to follow up. The pearl index in this study was 0.83 for ormeloxifene. The study showed statistically significant differences with higher level of satisfaction reported with 77.5% in the ormeloxifene compared to 65% of COCs. The continuation rates for ormeloxifene and COC users were in decreasing trend with increase in duration. No untoward events were reported with either formulation.Conclusions: Both the hormonal, combined hormonal contraceptive [combined oral contraceptive (COC), MALA-N] and the non-hormonal, centchroman (ormeloxifene) oral contraceptive pills are safe, effective, well tolerated and not associated with adverse outcomes when used immediately after abortion. Continuation rates of the pills in both the groups decrease in trend with time.
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Background: Uterine artery arteriovenous malformations are an abnormal and non-functional connection between the uterine arteries and veins. It may be congenital or acquired. AVM can cause heavy menstrual bleeding and may have an impact on infertility. Uterine artery embolization is an alternate method to hysterectomy preserving the menstrual and reproductive function. Objectives of this study was to diagnose Arterio-venous malformations after abortions in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding and treating these patients with UAE.Methods: The retrospective study of patients with postabortal arteriovenous malformations managed at Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, during January 2012 to December 2018 was done. Inclusion criteria for this study post abortal heavy menstrual bleeding patients in reproductive age group diagnosed to be having AV malformations on CT angiography. Exclusion criteria for this study were H/O AUB prior to abortion, patients with fibroids, PID, endometriosis, adenomyosis, genital tract malignancies. Patients who do not have AV malformations on CT angiography.Results: This is a retrospective seven years study between January 2012 to December 2018 during which we received 23 patients who developed arterio-venous fistula following an abortion. The patients had heavy menstrual bleeding. All the patients had taken some hormonal treatment before reporting to us. All these patients underwent CT angiography. After that they all were subjected to UAE. All these patients were followed up to 6 months where they showed improvement in the symptoms.Conclusions: Acquired AVM is rare disorder following an abortion or a caesarean section. Heavy menstrual bleeding is a common symptom often requiring hysterectomy but with the advent of uterine artery embolization by blocking the uterine artery we can conserve the uterus where a lady can have normal menstrual and reproductive functions.
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0.05). Conclusion: Fuxue Kang granule exerts a definite effect in treating PM with blood stasis. No adverse reaction was found.