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Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Forced Expiratory Volume , Linear Models , Lung , Radiography, Thoracic , Spirometry , Vital CapacityABSTRACT
Objective To investigate pulmonary function of the children close to a large chemical industrial park and its influencing factors . Methods Date of daily average air PM10 ,SO2 and NO2 levels from two communities ( Area A near a chemical industrial area , area B far away from the chemical industrial area ) of Shanghai were collected .Questionnaires and pulmonary functions tests were performed among children of grade 3 to 5 in two primary schools from the two communities . Results The annual PM10 levels were 75.12 μg/m3 in area A and 79.46 μg/m3 in area B, which were both slightly higher than the secondary standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard, GB 3095-2012 ( 70 μg/m3 ) .The annual NO 2 level (40.67μg/m3)in area B was slightly higher than the secondary standard of Ambient Air Quality Standard, GB 3095-2012(40 μg/m3).There were no significant differences in PM10, SO2 and NO2 levels between the two communities .The height and some pulmonary functions parameters such as forced vital capacity ( FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second ( FEV1 ) of children in are A were lower than those in area B.After reference predicted values of lung function were balanced , there were no significant differences in children's pulmonary function parameters between the two areas , FVC% and FEV1% were both above 87%, FEF50% and FEF75% were both above 72%.Bad condition of the ventilation in the kitchen and passive smoking had adverse effects on FEV 1%or FVC%and FEF50%%(r about -0.1). Conclusion The air quality close to the large chemical industrial park was not so bad , and there is no significant differences in the children's pulmonary function between area A and area B .The children's pulmonary may be more sensitive to the indoor environment in the low levels of atmosphere pollution .
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Los factores de riesgo en enfermedad arterial coronaria fueron evaluados en historias clínicas y estudios de pruebas de esfuerzos con el protocolo de Duke. Los índices de certeza se definen y utilizan comparándolos con el "el patrón de oro" la arteriografía coronaria. Se establece el valor diagnóstico de la tomagrafía axial computarizada, basándose en los índices de certeza. también se mencionan los estudios intracoronarios para evaluar la placa obstructiva
Risk factors in coronary artery disease were evaluated with the clinical history and the stress test with the Duke protocol. Probability indexes were defined and compared with the gold standard (coronary arteriogram). The diagnostic value of coronary angiotac was established with probability indexes. Intracoronary studies to diagnose vulnerable plaque are also mentioned