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OBJECTIVE@#To re-evaluate the systematic review/Meta-analysis of acupuncture and moxibustion for childhood autism (CA), aiming to provide decision-making basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.@*METHODS@#The systematic review and/or Meta-analysis of acupuncture and moxibustion for CA were searched in PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, SinoMed, CNKI and Wanfang databases. The retrieval time was from the database establishment to May 5th, 2022. PRISMA (preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and Meta-analyses) was used to evaluate the report quality, and AMSTAR 2 (a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews 2) was used to evaluate the methodological quality, bubble map was used to construct the evidence map and GRADE was used to evaluate the quality of evidence.@*RESULTS@#A total of 9 systematic reviews were included. The PRISMA scores ranged from 13 to 26. The report quality was low, and there was a serious lack in the aspects of program and registration, search, other analysis and funding. The main problems in methodology included not making prespecified protocol, incomplete retrieval strategy, not providing a list of excluded literatures, and incomplete explanation on heterogeneity analysis and bias risk. The evidence map showed that 6 conclusions were valid, 2 conclusions were possible valid and 1 conclusion was uncertain valid. The overall quality of evidence was low, and the main factors leading to the downgrade were limitations, followed by inconsistency, imprecision and publication bias.@*CONCLUSION@#Acupuncture and moxibustion has a certain effect for CA, but the quality of reporting, methodology and evidence in included literature need to be improved. It is suggested to perform high-quality and standardized research in the future to provide evidence-based basis.
Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Acupuncture Therapy/methods , Autistic Disorder , Moxibustion/methods , Publication Bias , Research Design , Systematic Reviews as Topic , Meta-Analysis as TopicABSTRACT
Resumo Este estudo apresenta a análise da literatura científica quanto à aplicação de modelos de apoio à decisão multicritério na priorização de projetos de recursos hídricos, por meio de uma revisão sistemática. Metodologicamente, a pesquisa caracteriza-se como diagnóstico-descritiva. Para a realização da revisão sistemática, seguiu-se o protocolo Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. No que tange à análise dos dados, após o levantamento do portfólio bibliográfico, realizou-se uma bibliometria com o auxílio dos softwares VOSviewer e UCINET 6 em conjunto com o NetDraw, e posteriormente se procedeu à metassíntese. Como principais resultados, percebeu-se: (i) uma carência na produção científica sobre o tema investigado (23 artigos); (ii) a recorrente aplicação de métodos de apoio à decisão multicritério na priorização de projetos de recursos hídricos; (iii) o destaque para o governo e companhias de saneamento com setores de maior interesse em projetos de recursos hídricos; (iv) a falta de informação sobre os atores envolvidos na priorização dos projetos e as técnicas que apoiam o consenso da decisão; e (v) além da preocupação econômica, a importância que vem sendo dada às dimensões social e ambiental. A contribuição prática deste estudo é dada pelo conhecimento gerado para as companhias e instituições que desejem realizar a priorização de projetos de recursos hídricos, uma vez que são exibidas metodologias, técnicas, dimensões e critérios que vêm sendo considerados cientificamente na priorização de projetos no setor de recursos hídricos. Já a contribuição teórica é realizada por meio da apresentação de um panorama atual do tema objeto de estudo, de forma a permitir a identificação de lacunas e apontando áreas em desenvolvimento para pesquisas futuras.
Abstract This study presents the analysis of the scientific literature on the application of multicriteria decision aid models in the prioritization of water resources projects through a systematic review. Methodologically, the research is characterized as descriptive diagnosis. For the systematic review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses protocol was followed. Regarding data analysis, after surveying a bibliographic portfolio, a bibliometry was carried out with the aid of VOSviewer and UCINET 6 software, in addition to NetDraw software; subsequently, a metasynthesis was performed. As main results, the following aspects were observed: (i) lack of scientific production on the investigated topic (23 articles); (ii) recurring application of multicriteria decision aid methods in prioritizing water resource projects; (iii) emphasis on the government and sanitation companies with sectors of greatest interest in water resources projects; (iv) lack of information about the actors involved in the prioritization of projects and the techniques that support the decision consensus; and (v) in addition to the economic concern, the importance that has been given to social and environmental dimensions. The practical contribution of this study consists in the knowledge generated for companies and institutions that intend to prioritize water resource projects, as this study presents the methodologies, techniques, dimensions, and criteria that have been scientifically considered in the prioritization of projects in the water resources sector. The theoretical contribution consists in the presentation of a current overview of the topic under study, in such a way to allow the identification of gaps and indicating areas under development for future research.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The infratemporal fossa (ITF) is an anatomical lateral skull base space composed by the zygoma, temporal, and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Due to its difficult approach, surgical intervention at the ITF has remained a heavy burden to surgeons. The aim of this article is to review basic skull base approaches and ITF structures and to avoid severe complications based on the accurate surgical knowledge. METHODS: A search of the recent literature using MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, and other online tools was executed using the following keyword combinations: infratemporal fossa, subtemporal fossa, transzygomatic approach, orbitozygomatic approach, transmaxillary approach, facial translocation approach, midface degloving, zygomatico-transmandibular approach, and lateral skull base. Aside from our Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) trial, there have been very few randomized controlled trials. The search data for this review are summarized based on the authors’ diverse clinical experiences. RESULTS: We divided our results based on representative skull base approaches and the anatomy of the ITF. Basic approaches to the ITF include endoscopic endonasal, transzygomatic, orbitozygomatic, zygomatico-transmandibular, transmaxillary, facial translocation, and the midfacial degloving approach. The borders and inner structures of the ITF (with basic lateral skull base dissection schemes) are summarized, and the modified zygomatico-transmandibular approach (ZTMA) is described in detail. CONCLUSIONS: An anatomical basic knowledge would be required for the appropriate management of the ITF pathology for diverse specialized doctors, including maxillofacial, plastic, and vascular surgeons. The ITF approach, in conjunction with the application of microsurgical techniques and improved perioperative care, has permitted significant advances and successful curative outcomes for patients having malignancy in ITF.
Subject(s)
Humans , Pathology , Perioperative Care , Plastics , Skull Base , Sphenoid Bone , Surgeons , ZygomaABSTRACT
Objective: This study determined the efficacy of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists in the treatment of acute migraine.Methods: Seven randomized, controlled trials were included. Outcome measures used were pain freedom and pain relief two hours after treatment.Results: The difference in pain freedom 2 hours post-dose significantly favored gepants 140/150 mg (OR=2.39, 95% CI=1.93-2.96, PConclusion: With regard to pain freedom and pain relief two hours post-dose, CGRP antagonists are more efficacious than placebo in the treatment of acute migraine but there is insufficient evidence to demonstrate superior efficacy of CGRP antagonists over triptans.
Subject(s)
Humans , Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide , Migraine Disorders , Tryptamines , PainABSTRACT
Objective@#This study determined the efficacy of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) antagonists in the treatment of acute migraine.