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Resumen Introducción: La agresividad es una variable que se ha venido asociando a problemas sociales y clínicos; a su vez, se ha estimado un incremento de la misma denotando un riesgo mayor en población infanto-juvenil. Objetivo: Describir las características de la conducta agresiva y variables psicosociales asociadas (tipo de relaciones familiares y antecedentes personales), en una muestra de 351 adolescentes ente 12 y 17 años de edad de la ciudad de Bucaramanga y su área metropolitana. Método: Es una investigación cuantitativa de alcance descriptivo transversal. Se empleó un Cuestionario "Ad hoc" y el Cuestionario de Agresividad Premeditada e Impulsiva en Adolescentes (Andreu, 2010), los cuales se aplicaron de forma autoadministrada desde un muestreo no probabilístico. Los resultados se obtuvieron a través del programa estadístico SPSS, realizando un análisis estadístico de medidas de tendencia central y Chi cuadrado. Resultados: Se identificó que la agresividad es frecuente en los adolescentes, especialmente de tipo impulsiva (33 %), y predominando en las mujeres (premeditada= 25,4 %; impulsiva= 37,3 %). Los adolescentes con agresividad impulsiva alta se caracterizaban por menor edad (12 años= 7,7 %) y menor nivel académico (séptimo grado o menos= 14,8 %). De forma genérica, quienes tenían agresividad alta, tenían relación distante desde lo afectivo y físico con el padre, y antecedentes de haber tenido problemas con otros por ejercer la agresión. Conclusión: Los hallazgos comprueban la frecuencia de la agresividad en la adolescencia, y llevan a reflexionar sobre posibles cambios en los roles sociales sobre la expresión de las emociones. Es fundamental estudiar la relación de la agresividad con la impulsividad, la edad, la dinámica relacional con los padres, con el fin de brindar mayores aportes en el desarrollo de estrategias de prevención de la conducta disfuncional asociada a la agresividad.
Abstract Introduction: Aggression is a variable that has been associated with social and clinical problems; at the same time, an increase in it has been estimated, denoting a higher risk in the child-adolescent population. Objective: To describe the characteristics of aggressive behavior and associated psychosocial variables (type of family relationships and personal history), in a sample of 351 adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age from the city of Bucaramanga and its metropolitan area. Method: It is a quantitative investigation of transversal descriptive scope. An "Ad hoc" Questionnaire and the Premeditated and Impulsive Aggression Questionnaire in Adolescents (Andreu, 2010) were used, which were self-administered from a non-probabilistic sampling. The results were obtained through the SPSS statistical program, performing a statistical analysis of measures of central tendency and Chi square. Results: It was identified that aggressiveness is frequent in adolescents, especially of the impulsive type (33 %), and predominantly in women (premeditated = 25,4 %; impulsive = 37,3 %). Adolescents with high impulsive aggressiveness were characterized by younger age (12 years = 7,7 %) and lower academic level (seventh grade or less = 14,8 %). In a generic way, those who had high aggressiveness, had a distant emotional and physical relationship with the father, and a history of having had problems with others for exerting aggression. Conclusion: The findings verify the frequency of aggressiveness in adolescence, and lead to reflect on possible changes in social roles on the expression of emotions. It is essential to study the relationship of aggressiveness with impulsivity, age, and relationship dynamics with parents, in order to provide greater contributions in the development of strategies for the prevention of dysfunctional behavior associated with aggressiveness
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Abstract Introduction Aggression can be defined according to impulsive or premeditated features. Impulsivity is defined as an uncontrolled and unplanned form of aggression. On the contrary, premeditation requires planning and is goal-oriented. Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the basic psychometric properties of the Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scale (IPAS) into European Portuguese. The scale evaluates aggression according to impulsive and premeditated features, which are considered the predominant forms of aggressive behavior, and can be used in community, forensic and clinical settings. Methods Participants from a community sample (n = 957; 424 male) and incarcerated individuals (n = 115, all male) completed the IPAS. Results Internal consistency and reliability indicated that the scale has good psychometric properties in both samples. Data from a principal component analysis (PCA) demonstrated similarities to previous structures reported in the literature. Conclusions The scale demonstrated to be sensitive to the bimodal classification of aggression in community and forensic samples, indicating its utility in the characterization of aggressive patterns.
Resumo Introdução A agressão pode ser definida de acordo com as características de impulsividade ou premeditação. A impulsividade é definida como uma forma descontrolada e não planeada de agressão. Pelo contrário, a premeditação requer planejamento e orienta-se para um objetivo. Objetivos O objetivo deste estudo foi validar as propriedades psicométricas básicas da Escala de Agressão Impulsiva e Premeditada (Impulsive/Premeditated Aggression Scale - IPAS) para o português europeu. A escala avalia a agressão de acordo com características impulsivas e premeditadas, que são consideradas as formas predominantes do comportamento agressivo, e pode ser usada em contextos comunitário, forense e clínico. Métodos A escala foi aplicada a participantes de uma amostra comunitária (n = 957; 424 homens) e reclusos (n = 115, todos homens). Resultados A consistência interna e a confiabilidade indicaram que a escala possui boas propriedades psicométricas para as duas amostras. Os dados da análise de componentes principais (principal component analysis - PCA) demonstraram semelhanças com estruturas fatoriais previamente reportadas na literatura. Conclusão A escala revelou ser sensível à classificação bimodal da agressão em amostras comunitárias e forenses, indicando sua utilidade na caracterização de padrões agressivos.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Young Adult , Aggression/psychology , Impulsive Behavior/physiology , Portugal , Prisoners/psychology , Psychiatric Status Rating Scales , Psychometrics , Reproducibility of Results , Middle AgedABSTRACT
Objective To explore the delayed discount and personality characteristics of impulsive and premeditated male prisoners and their correlation.Methods A total of 120 male prisoners with aggressive behaviors were tested by Self-made General Situation Questionnaire,Impulsive / Premeditated Aggression Scale (IPAS),NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI),Delay Discount Task (DDT).The effective participants were ninety,including 51 in impulsive group and 39 in premeditated group.Analyzed the difference of delayed discount and personality characteristics between the two group.Results (1) In the delayed discount task,the delay discount rat (K) of the impulsive violence group (0.0278 ± 0.0555) was significantly higher than that of the premeditated violence group (0.0042±0.0078).The difference was statistically significant (t=3.004,P =0.004).(2) The scores of agreeableness (35.84 ± 4.08) and conscientiousness (37.04±4.83) in impulsive violence group were lower than that in premeditated violence group(38.46±5.53,42.31±5.96),and the difference was statistically significant (t=-2.587,P=0.011;t =-4.634,P＜0.01).(3) Correlation analysis showed that K value was not significantly correlated with all dimensions of the big five personality(P＞0.05).Conclusion Male impulsive prisoners have faster tendency to delay discounting compared with male premeditated prisoners.Lower agreeableness and conscientiousness are the personality characteristics of male impulsive prisoners.
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Objective To explore the characteristics of narcissism in a sample of violent criminal and analyze the relationship between narcissism and impulsive-premeditated violent aggression.Methods A total of 88 violent criminal were administered by means of cluster random sampling with the Chinese version of the Impulsivepremeditated Aggression Scale and the Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire.Results (1) Comparing with the impulsive violent criminal,premeditated violent criminal had higher level of Overt narcissism,and the difference was statistically significant(59.77±10.89,54.67±10.15; P＜0.05).(2) Overt narcissism had significantly positive correlation with premeditated aggression(r=0.560; P＜0.01) ;and covert narcissism had significantly positive correlation with impulsive aggression(r=0.440; P＜0.01).(3)The authority and self-admiration traits of overt narcissism had significantly positive prediction to premeditated aggression(β=0.442,P＜0.01;β=0.297,P＜0.05);The vulnerability trait of covert narcissism has significantly positive prediction to impulsive aggression(β=0.526,P＜0.01).Conclusion Overt narcissism can result in premeditated aggression;Covert narcissism can result in impulsive aggression.