Uma história em construção: Manguinhos-Maré no tempo presente / A history under construction: Manguinhos-Maré in the present time

Resumo As duas primeiras décadas do século XXI foram representativas para a história contemporânea da Fundação Oswaldo Cruz e demonstraram seu protagonismo no cenário nacional da saúde. O artigo apresenta transformações espaciais ocorridas no território ocupado pela instituição a partir de 2000. Relacionam-se as transformações no uso dos territórios com sua política institucional no contexto nacional e são ressaltadas as demandas sociais que impactaram a instituição - transformações urbanas de grande porte e pandemias. O trabalho averigua, sob os pressupostos da história do tempo presente, as mudanças ocorridas no campus Manguinhos-Maré e no discurso de sujeitos institucionais gestores e projetistas. Para isso, conjuga análise dos relatórios institucionais, da base digital cartográfica e de imagens aéreas.

Abstract The two first decades of the twenty-first century were representative of the contemporary history of the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fundação Oswaldo Cruz) and demonstrated its active role in the national health scenario. This article discusses the spatial transformations that took place in the territory occupied by the foundation from the year 2000 onward. The transformations in the use of this territory and it's institutional policy within the national context are described, along with the social demands that have impacted the institution, namely large-scale urban transformations and pandemics. This research uses the premises of the history of the present to investigate the changes that took place on the Manguinhos-Maré campus and in the discourse of the institutions involved in managing and planning these changes through analysis of institutional reports, digital mapping, and aerial images.

Advances in mosquito repellents / 药学实践杂志

Mosquitoes are the biological vectors of many diseases. Mosquito-borne infectious diseases are serious public health problems in tropical areas. With the increasing resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides, it becomes difficult to control mosquito-borne infectious diseases. The application of mosquito repellents can not only control the spread of mosquito-borne infectious diseases to a certain extent, but also reduce the use of insecticides and relieve the environmental pressure. This paper introduces and summarizes the research progresses of new mosquito repellents in recent years to provide reference resource for the further development of mosquito repellents.

Comprensión Hermenéutica de una Ontologia del Presente en la Era Digital / Hermeneutic Understanding of an Ontology of the Present in the Digital Age / Compreensão Hermenêutica de uma Ontologia do Presente na Era Digital

Resumen EL presente como categoría filosófica, expresa un carácter conductual, que se asume como una actitud (ethos) frente a un mundo digital. Este "ethos" configura una relacionalidad entre Lo humano y La máquina, construye puentes de apertura (apertus) que consolida unidades de posibilidad existencial a través de prácticas que manifiestan, no una digitalización, sino, una digitalización, esto es, una praxis particular y singular que, en el marco digital, pretende comprender intencionalmente el campo existencial del ser humano en las lógicas digitales. Esta digitalización como práctica, configura, "el presente" que en el marco de lo digital se constituye en una racionalidad, una especie de capacidad que tienen los seres humanos de analizar a través de un ejercicio mental la realidad existencial de sí mismo y de su entorno.

Abstract The present as a philosophical category, expresses a behavioral character, which is assumed as an attitude (ethos) towards a digital world. This "ethos" configures a relationship between the human and the machine, builds bridges of opening (apertus) that consolidates units of existential possibility through practices that manifest, not a digitization, but a digitiza-tion, that is, a praxis particular and unique that, in the digital framework, intends to intentionally understand the existential field of the human being in digital logics. This digitaliza-tion as a practice configures "the present" that in the digital framework constitutes a rationality, a kind of capacity that human beings have to analyze through a mental exercise the existential reality of themselves and of your environment.

Resumo O presente como categoria filosófica expressa um caráter comportamental, que se assume como uma atitude (ethos) em relação a um mundo digital. Esse "ethos" configura uma relação entre o humano e a máquina, constrói pontes de abertura (apertus) que consolida unidades de possibilidade existencial por meio de práticas que manifestam, não uma digitalização, mas uma digitalização, ou seja, uma práxis particular e única que, no quadro digital, pretende compreender intencionalmente o campo existencial do ser humano nas lógicas digitais. Essa digitaliza-ção como prática configura "o presente" que no quadro digital constitui uma racionalidade, uma espécie de capacidade que os seres humanos têm de analisar por meio de um exercício mental a realidade existencial de si e de seu ambiente.

Roubando o nome aos bois - gerações e inflexões na história da análise institucional no Brasil / To call a spade by any other name: generations and inflections in the history of institutional analysis in Brazil / Llamar las cosas por otro nombre - generaciones e inflexiones en la historia del análisis institucional en Brasil

O artigo caracteriza dois momentos na história da Análise Institucional (AI) no Brasil, com ênfase no panorama da cidade do Rio de Janeiro: o do início do século XXI, quando a AI poderia ser considerada como um "paradigma sem passado"; e o dos últimos seis anos, aproximadamente, quando se "rouba o nome aos bois", tecendo uma rede entre a AI e outros discursos e práticas, como as lutas ligadas a concepções não jurídicas de direitos humanos, as racializadas e/ou generificadas, as decoloniais-anticoloniais etc., que repotencializam o paradigma. Em paralelo, essa abordagem se volta para a caracterização das diferentes gerações de institucionalistas brasileiros, principalmente a partir de experiências em universidades públicas. O intuito do texto é efetuar um diagnóstico do presente, e esta primeira experimentação, decerto parcial, está voltada principalmente à construção de uma genealogia ético-política da AI em nosso país, em articulação com os percursos da psicologia como saber e profissão.(AU)

This paper characterizes two moments in the history of Institutional Analysis (IA) in Brazil, focusing on the city of Rio de Janeiro: the early 21st century, when IA could be considered a "paradigm without a past"; and the last six years, when it "calls a spade by any other name", weaving a network between IA and other discourses and practices, such as those linked to non-legal conceptions of human rights, to racial and/or gender struggles, decolonial-anticolonial movements, etc, which revive the paradigm. At the same time, this approach seeks to characterize the different generations of Brazilian institutionalists, mainly based on experiences in public universities. The text strives to diagnose the present, and this first experimentation, certainly partial, seeks to build an ethical-political genealogy of IA in Brazil, in articulation with the paths of psychology as knowledge and profession.(AU)

Este artículo plantea dos momentos de la historia del Análisis Institucional (AI) en Brasil, con énfasis en el panorama de Río de Janeiro: el del inicio del siglo XXI, cuando el AI puede considerarse como un "paradigma sin pasado"; y el de los últimos seis años aproximadamente, cuando "llama las cosas por otro nombre", tejiendo una red entre el AI y otros discursos y prácticas, como las luchas relacionadas con las concepciones no jurídicas de los derechos humanos, las racializadas y/o generizadas, las decoloniales-anticoloniales, etc., que repotencian el paradigma. Paralelamente, esto se centra en la caracterización de las diferentes generaciones de institucionalistas brasileños, basándose principalmente en las experiencias en las universidades públicas. El propósito de este texto es hacer un diagnóstico del presente, y esta primera experimentación, ciertamente parcial, está orientada hacia la construcción de una genealogía ético-política de la AI en el país, en articulación con los caminos de la psicología como saber y profesión.(AU)

Training status of operating room nurses of robotic-assisted surgery system in China: a cross-sectional survey / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the training status of robotic-assisted surgery nurses in hospitals with robotic-assisted surgery system in China, and to provide reference for the training and management of robotic-assisted surgery nurses.Methods:From August to December in 2021, hospitals with robotic-assisted surgery system in China were surveyed by a self-designed questionnaire distributed online.Results:The participants in the survey of 111 hospitals in 30 provinces, cities, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, nurses cooperated with robotic-assisted surgery exist the phenomenon of their own training was up to 96.40% (107/111) of hospital, 47.75% (53/111) of the hospital said the current training content also need to add other aspects of the course. Training duration of theoretical courses was 0-13 (2.86 ± 3.03) periods arranged by hospitals, and the training duration of practical courses was 1-60 (8.38 ± 9.91) d. 35.14% (39/111) of hospitals set up regular assessment after training, and the assessment cycle of them was 1-12 (4.08 ± 3.31) months. Many hospitals put forward suggestions on strengthening English training and attaching importance to team cooperation and so on.Conclusions:In our country, Robotic-assisted surgery nurses′ training has turned to that training themselves in operating rooms, the training time, form, content and other aspects have no uniform standard, strict admittance, standardization of specialist training , these are questions need to solve.

Simultaneous Treatment of Heart and Brain and Its Transformation of Chinese Medicine： History， Present Situation and Thinking / 中国实验方剂学杂志

The high morbidity and fatality rates of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases seriously harm human health，greatly affect the quality of life and increase the burden of disease. Thus， more and more attention has been paid to the relationship between heart and brain. "Simultaneous treatment of heart and brain" is the continuous deepening and development of the theory of "simultaneous treatment of different diseases" in traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， and exploring the relationship between heart and brain as well as the current situation of Chinese medicine treatment has important clinical significance for the establishment of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine diagnosis and treatment programs of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Through a systematic theoretical tracing of the "simultaneous treatment of heart and brain"，the authors held that cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases had the same origin，and that heart and brain took blood as the material basis and governed mind jointly. They also expounded the modern biological relationship of the simultaneous treatment of heart and brain. In other words，the pathogenic factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were the same， with complicated comorbidities， and the disorders of neurohumoral reflex and endocrine system and immune system regulation could affect each other's function. Additionally，the present situation of clinical application of Chinese medicine for simultaneous treatment of heart and brain and its intervention effect on cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were discussed. It was found that these Chinese medicines could protect cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through multi-target，multi-pathway and multi-link regulation. Combined with the existing problems in the current research，the authors thought and looked forward to the practical strategies of treating cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases with Chinese medicine by paying attention to key groups，focusing on dominant diseases，giving full play to the value of Chinese medicine，and scientifically explaining the connotation of simultaneous treatment of heart and brain， in order to provide ideas and reference for the follow-up transformation application research and better guidance of clinical practice.

Interpretation of the development of the pre-Qin health preservation concept from the perspective of medical archaeology / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

Health and longevity are the eternal themes of human pursuit. The pre-Qin period was the beginning of the development of traditional health preservation. Combined with archaeological findings and relevant literature and materials, this paper summarizes the behaviors and phenomena related to health preservation in the pre-Qin period from the three aspects, namely, exercise, diet, and environment and personal health. Through long-term investigation from the perspective of medical archaeology, the development of pre-Qin health concept can be roughly divided into three stages: prehistoric period; Xia, Shang, Western Zhou period; and Eastern Zhou dynasties. It is mainly manifested as from unconsciousness to consciousness and from simple experience accumulation stage to the exploration and summary of theory. It is closely related to the improvement of social productivity and the development of medicine and ancient philosophy, which is also an important feature and development law in the accumulation of Chinese traditional health culture. Judging from medical archaeology, the development of health preservation concept in the pre-Qin period is of great benefit for people to understand the origin of health preservation and its early development, correctly view health preservation, improve the concept of health preservation, promote the formation of a good lifestyle, and promote the development of public health undertakings.

Present situation and future development for undergraduate major construction of health service and management / 中华健康管理学杂志

Objective:To evaluate the present situation and future development for undergraduate major construction of health service and management.Methods:One hundred and twenty-three domestic universities with undergraduate health service and management major were selected as the research subjects. This paper analyzed the present situation of major distribution and aim setting, faculty, curriculum system, construction of teaching material, enrollment number, graduate destination, among other areas, using network data collection, questionnaire survey, and descriptive analysis methods. It also analyzed the development trend of this major with regards to the national policy guidance and discipline development dynamics.Results:The results showed that the number of domestic universities with undergraduate major for health service and management had increased from 5 in 2016 to 123 at present, with an average annual growth rate of 472.0%. The curriculum system of various universities covered 13 core courses, such as management and introduction to basic medicine. The total credits required for graduation ranged from 149 to 224, and the proportion of practical teaching in the teaching plan ranged from 12.1% to 45.1%. The credit requirements varied greatly; moreover, the proportion of practical teaching in most universities was not high and the content was narrow. Among the 21 universities participating in the questionnaire survey, 47.6% of them focused their education on cultivating versatile talents, 52.4% had 4-6 full-time teachers, 47.2% of all full-time teachers were 31-40 years old, 42.9% universities had teachers with senior professional titles accounting for 30%-40% of the faculty, and 28.6% universities had teachers with doctoral degrees comprising ≥50% of the faculty. The aim setting of most universities was more or less vague, the number of full-time teachers couldn′t meet the needs of major development, and the connotation construction lagged relatively.Conclusions:The inconsistency of the rapid increasing number of universities with the connotation construction of major has become a key barrier to the connotative development of undergraduate major of health service and management. In the future, building the quality of teaching according to national standards; advancing the integration of government, industry, university, research, and implementation; improving faculty quality; and optimizing the curriculum system will be part of the development trend.

Desarrollo de un modelo de planeación financiera para una compañía de alimentos utilizando simulación Monte Carlo / Development of a financial planning model for the food's company using Monte Carlo simulation / Desenvolvimento de um modelo de planeamento financeiro para a empresa do ramo alimentar utilizando simulação Monte Carlo

RESUMEN El objetivo es desarrollar un modelo de planeación financiera que permita calcular las ganancias probables de una compañía de alimentos en Colombia, en un horizonte temporal de seis años. La metodología utilizada es el Valor Presente Neto de sus flujos de caja libre, calculados a partir de 38 variables de entrada y de proceso que recogen el aspecto macroeconómico, las políticas financieras y los estados contables. Se realizaron 10.000 iteraciones con la técnica de simulación Montecarlo. Los resultados de la simulación indican que sus ganancias probables están entre $278.293 millones y $449.934 millones con un nivel de confianza del 90%. El análisis de sensibilidad del plan financiero permite concluir que la compañía debe reformular sus políticas financieras relacionadas con la administración del capital de trabajo, dado que la cartera y principalmente los inventarios tienen una influencia negativa sobre el VPN, según los coeficientes de regresión. CLASIFICACIÓN JEL B41, C15

ABSTRACT The goal is to develop a financial planning model that allows calculating the probable profits of a food company in Colombia, in a time horizon of six years. The methodology used is the Net Present Value of its Free Cash Flow, calculated from 38 input and process variables that include the macroeconomic aspect, financial policies and financial statements. 10.000 iterations were carried out with the Montecarlo simulation technique. The simulation results indicate that its probable profits are between $278.293 million and y $449.934 million with a confidence level of 90%. The sensitivity analysis of the financial plan allows to conclude that the company should reformulate its financial policies related to the management of working capital, since the debt clients and mainly the inventories has a negative influence on the Net Present Value, according the regression coefficients. JEL CLASSIFICATION B41, C15

RESUMO O objectivo é desenvolver um modelo de planeamento financeiro que permita calcular os prováveis lucros de uma empresa alimentar na Colômbia, num horizonte temporal de seis anos. A metodologia utilizada é o Valor Presente Líquido dos seus fluxos de caixa livres, calculado a partir de 38 variáveis de entrada e de processo que recolhem o aspecto macroeconómico, as políticas financeiras e as declarações contabilísticas. Um total de 10.000 iterações foram realizadas utilizando a técnica de simulação de Monte Carlo. Os resultados da simulação indicam que os seus prováveis lucros se situam entre $278,293 milhões e $449,934 milhões com um nível de confiança de 90%. A análise de sensibilidade do plano financeiro permite concluir que a empresa deve reformular as suas políticas financeiras relacionadas com a gestão do capital de exploração, uma vez que a carteira e principalmente os inventários têm uma influência negativa no VPL, de acordo com os coeficientes de regressão. CLASSIFICAÇÃO JEL B4I, CI5

O que pode a psicologia social com relação ao presente? / What can social psychology do about the present? / ¿Qué puede hacer la psicología social con respecto al presente?

Este artigo problematiza a Psicologia Social tomando o social não enquanto um campo de aplicação da psicologia moderna, mas enquanto um efeito das tensões de saber e poder. Nosso objetivo é questionar quais elementos que compõem o presente têm sido discutidos nesse campo de conhecimento, ao mesmo tempo em que são esses mesmos elementos que produzem a psicologia social enquanto campo de saber e intervenção frente ao presente da configuração político-econômica brasileira. As problemáticas da organização do poder mundial, as lógicas capitalistas neoliberais e as forças coloniais e conservadoras são pontos de análise durante o texto, especialmente no que diz respeito à América Latina. O recorte temporal utilizado para a escrita deste artigo se situa nos anos de 2018 e 2019 pois esses anos têm se constituído como experiências limites que ao mesmo tempo que tendem a nos imobilizar, criam a necessidade de produzirmos um pensamento vivo e acreditando na mudança que podemos operar no mundo.

This article problematizes Social Psychology by taking the social not as a field of application of modern psychology, but as an effect of the tensions of knowledge and power. Our objective is to question what elements that make up the present have been discussed in this field of knowledge, at the same time as it is these same elements that produce social psychology as a field of knowledge and intervention in the face of the present of the Brazilian political-economic configuration. The problems of world power organization, neoliberal capitalist logic, and colonial and conservative forces are points of analysis during the text, especially with regard to Latin America. The time clipping used for the writing of this article is located in the years 2018 and 2019 because these years have constituted themselves as limit experiences that at the same time tend to immobilize us, create the need to produce a living thought and believe in the change that we can operate in the world.

Este artículo problematiza la Psicología Social tomando la psicología social no como un campo de aplicación de la psicología moderna, sino como un efecto de las tensiones del conocimiento y el poder. Nuestro objetivo es cuestionar qué elementos que conforman el presente han sido discutidos en este campo de conocimiento, al mismo tiempo que son estos mismos elementos los que producen la psicología social como campo de conocimiento e intervención ante el presente de la configuración político-económica brasileña. Los problemas de la organización del poder mundial, las lógicas capitalistas neoliberales y las fuerzas coloniales y conservadoras son puntos de análisis a lo largo del texto, especialmente en lo que respecta a América Latina. El recorte de tiempo utilizado para la redacción de este artículo se sitúa en los años 2018 y 2019 porque estos años se han constituido como experiencias límite que, a la vez que tienden a inmovilizarnos, crean la necesidad de producir un pensamiento vivo y creyendo en el cambio que podemos operar en el mundo.

Significance and progress in laboratory diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is a clinical common respiratory tract infectious di-sease.In recent years, the number of children with severe and refractory MPP has increased significantly.Clinical symptoms of MPP are usually atypical, and some MPP cases are accompanied with extrapulmonary complications.In addition, imaging features of MPP also lack specificity.The diagnosis of MPP, as a result, often relies on laboratory examinations.The present study demonstrated the clinical significance in laboratory diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infection, and the method to distinguish present infection, previous infection or carriers in healthy children′s respiratory tract.Moreover, the method to determine macrolide-resistant MP was also described in this study.This study aims to improve the understanding, diagnosis and treatment of MP infection.

Círculos de Reflexión y lógica P2P: Una alternativa didáctica a la Colonización del MOOC / P2P Reflection and Logic Circles: A Didactic Alternative to MOOC Colonization

Resumen En la era digital, es importante transitar hacia una Educación Popular Transmedia. El concepto es una articulación entre la tradición histórica latinoamericana iniciada por Paulo Freire y el reconocimiento de la categoría Transmedia de Scolari (2018) como la más adecuada para definir el conjunto de saberes implicados en la vivencia activa en comunidades híbridas virtuales/análogas. En este orden, la estrategia implementa da desde el modo de enseñanza online y la constitución de comunidad del Instituto de Pensamiento y Cultura en América Latina (Ipecal) se constituye en una apuesta esencial y de sentido.

Abstract In the digital age, it is important to move towards a Transmedia People's Education. The concept is an articulation between the Latin American historical tradition, initia ted by Paulo Freire, and the recognition of the Transmedia category by Scolari (2018) as the most suitable one to define the set of knowledge involved in the active expe rience in virtual/analog hybrid communities. In this order, the strategy implemented from the online teaching mode and the community constitution of the Institute of Thought and Culture in Latin America (Ipecal) is an essential and meaningful com mitment.

Análise econômico-financeira do gerenciamento dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos em uma agroindústria de processamento mínimo de hortaliças / Economic and financial analysis of the management of organic solid waste from a small-scale agro-processing industry

RESUMO As atividades agroindustriais geram grandes quantidades de resíduos sólidos orgânicos. Por essa razão, são responsáveis por estabelecer metas e estratégias de gerenciamento de seus resíduos, visando, sempre que possível, à reutilização, à reciclagem e ao tratamento. Realizou-se um estudo de caso em que foi avaliada a viabilidade econômico-financeira de diferentes cenários para o gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos orgânicos provenientes do processamento mínimo de hortaliças em uma agroindústria localizada na cidade de Teresópolis, no estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. Os cenários que avaliaram os custos com a disposição final dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos em aterros sanitários se apresentaram elevados. Já no cenário que considerou o tratamento dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos, por meio da técnica de compostagem, observou-se que este foi viável financeiramente e atrativo para investimento, pois apresentou uma rentabilidade na ordem de 19,28% a.a., rentabilidade esta superior às diferentes opções de aplicações financeiras disponíveis no mercado. Com o tratamento dos resíduos sólidos orgânicos e a comercialização do composto produzido, promove-se a geração de receita para a agroindústria e a destinação ambientalmente correta desses resíduos, pois o tratamento não só reduz os impactos ambientais e o volume de resíduos gerados, mas também permite a reinserção dos nutrientes no ciclo produtivo de novas culturas, gerando renda para a agroindústria. Para o tratamento dos resíduos faz-se necessário um investimento inicial de R$ 385.388,09, e estimou-se que o tempo necessário para a recuperação do capital financeiro foi de curto prazo, com quatro anos e dez meses.

ABSTRACT Agro-industrial activities generate large quantities of organic solid waste. For this reason, they are responsible for establishing goals and strategies for the management of their waste, aiming at reuse, recycling, and treatment whenever possible. This work presents a case study was carried out to evaluate the economic and financial viability of different scenarios for the management of agro-industry residues generated by the minimum processing of vegetables, located in Teresopolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The scenarios that evaluated the costs of disposal of organic solid waste in landfills were high. On the other hand, in the scenario that considered the treatment of organic solid wastes, through the composting technique, it was observed that it was financially feasible and attractive for investment, since it presented a profitability of 19.28% per year, which is higher than different options available in the market. With the treatment of organic solid waste and the commercialization of the compound produced, the generation of revenue for the agroindustry and the environmentally correct destination of this waste are promoted, since it not only reduces the environmental impacts and the volume of waste generated, but also allows the reinsertion of nutrients into the productive cycle of new crops, generating income for the agroindustry. For the treatment of waste, an initial investment of R$ 385,388.09 is necessary, where it was estimated that the time required to recover financial capital was in the short term, with four years and ten months.

Ter esperança: o futuro presente / To hope: the future present / Esperanza: el futuro presente

Este trabalho trata a esperança como uma disposição da alma ao mesmo tempo ativa e passiva, orientada à realização de um fim e ao acolhimento de um futuro desconhecido, mas já presente enquanto potencialidade. Relaciona a esperança à posição de ativa passividade da condição de gravidez, na qual existe uma espera voltada a uma hospitalidade absoluta e, ao mesmo tempo, à posição de passiva atividade da condição intrauterina, experiência primária do infinito no finito, na qual o conteúdo transforma o continente quando somos esperados antes de saber esperar. Formas verbais latinas e hebraicas, assim como verbos e substantivos do hebraico bíblico referentes ao ato de ter esperança, vislumbram esta direção sugestiva. Por outro lado, surge a experiência de desespero em relação à condição de exílio e ao nascimento enquanto expulsão do continente uterino. Para que seja superada, exige a intervenção de um socorrista que, com a sua presença, ajuda a reorganizar a esperança e, através dela, encontrar a possibilidade de ação vital. A esperança, que sustenta a responsabilidade, leva à colaboração livre e criativa para a vida (AU)

This work treats hope as an active and at the same time passive mood of the soul, focused in accomplishing something and welcoming an unknown future, yet present as potentiality. It places hope close to the position of the active passivity in pregnancy, in which there is an expectation of absolute hospitality. At the same time, it also brings it close to the position of passive activity of the intrauterine condition, the primary experience of infinity in the finite, in which the contained transforms the container, and it is expected before having learned to expect. Latin and Hebrew verbal forms, as well as verbs and nouns of Biblical Hebrew referring to the act of hoping, seem to reveal this suggestive direction. The experience of despair is instead connected to the condition of exile, to birth as being expelled of the uterine container. To be overcome, it requires the intervention of a rescuer who helps with its presence to reorganize hope and, through it, to find the possibility of vital action. Hope, which sustains responsibility, leads to free and creative collaboration in life.

Este trabajo vincula la esperanza a un estado de ánimo activo y pasivo al mismo tiempo, dirigido a lograr un objetivo y acoger un futuro que no se conoce, pero que ya está presente como potencialidad. La acerca a la posición de pasividad activa de la condición del embarazo, en la que hay una espera orientada para la hospitalidad absoluta. Al mismo tiempo, también la acerca a la posición de actividad pasiva de la condición intrauterina, la experiencia primaria del infinito en lo finito, en la que el contenido transforma el contenedor y en la que uno espera antes de saber esperar. Formas verbales latinas y hebraicas, así como los verbos y sustantivos del hebraico bíblico que se refieren al acto de tener esperanza, parecen vislumbrar esta sugerente dirección. En cambio, la experiencia de la desesperación está relacionada con la condición del exilio, con el nacimiento como expulsión del contenedor uterino. Eso requiere, para ser superado, la intervención de un socorrista que ayude con su presencia a reorganizar la esperanza y, a través de ella, encontrar la posibilidad de una acción vital. La esperanza, que sustenta la responsabilidad, conduce a una colaboración libre y creativa en la vida.

Diferença sexual e o desentendimento entre Butler e a Psicanálise / Sexual difference and the disagreement between Butler and Psychoanalysis / La diferencia sexual y el desentendimiento entre Butler y el Psicoanálisis

Discute a respeito das ressonâncias do debate entre Butler e os psicanalistas sobre a diferença sexual, levando em consideração a perspectiva de Rancière sobre o "desentendimento". A proposta é empreender uma história do presente, no sentido de destacar o contexto de problematizações sobre a identidade sexual, em que a verdade referente ao sujeito é formulada. Como resultado desta investigação teórica, ressalta-se que Butler evoca descontinuidades históricas que provocam impasses nas abordagens da Psicanálise sobre o Mundo. Do lado desta ciência, breve revisão de literatura demonstrou a importância da referência ao último Lacan. Ao submeter os resultados à perspectiva de Rancière, situa-se a Psicanálise num espaço maior de preocupação com o sujeito e com o lugar que lhe é designado entre a ciência e o Mundo. Já Butler, por meio de sua inquietude com a legitimação da experiência, investe em expandir as barreiras inteligíveis do sujeito universal.

This article discusses the resonances of the debate between Butler and the psychoanalysts about sexual difference, taking Rancière's perspective on "disagreement" into account. The proposal is to undertake a history of the present, in order to highlight the context of problematizations about sexual identity, in which the truth regarding the subject is formulated. As a result of this theoretical investigation, it is emphasized that Butler evokes historical discontinuities that cause impasses in the approaches of Psychoanalysis on the World. On the side of this science, a brief literature review demonstrated the importance of the reference to the last Lacan. By subjecting the results to Rancière's perspective, Psychoanalysis is situated in a larger space of concern about the subject and the place assigned to him between science and the World. Still, Butler, through her uneasiness with the legitimation of experience, invests in expanding the intelligible barriers of the universal subject.

Discute a respecto de las resonancias del debate entre Butler y los psicoanalistas sobre la diferencia sexual, teniendo en cuenta la perspectiva de Rancière sobre el "desentendimiento". La propuesta es emprender una historia del presente, para resaltar el contexto de problematización sobre la identidad sexual, en el que se formula la verdad sobre el tema. Como resultado de esta investigación teórica, se enfatiza que Butler evoca discontinuidades históricas que causan puntos muertos en los enfoques de Psicoanálisis en el Mundo. Del lado de esta ciencia, una breve revisión de la literatura demostró la importancia de la referencia al último Lacan. Al presentar los resultados a la perspectiva de Rancière, el Psicoanálisis se coloca en un espacio más amplio de preocupación con el tema y con su lugar asignado entre la ciencia y el Mundo. Butler, a través de su preocupación por la legitimación de la experiencia, invierte en expandir las barreras inteligibles del sujeto universal.

Usefulness of serum albumin as a prognostic factor in dengue

Background: Dengue is a major public health problem throughout subtropical and tropical regions. In more severe or complicated dengue, patients present with a severe febrile illness characterized by abnormalities of hemostasis and increased vascular permeability, which in some instances results in a hypovolemic shock. Dengue is endemic in more than 100 countries in tropical and subtropical regions with an estimated 390 million infections occurring worldwide, among which 96 million infections are clinically apparent. The objective of this study is to assess the usefulness of serum albumin as a prognostic factor in dengue.Method: This observational study enrolled 100 patients who were admitted in KIMS Hospital from June 2017 to June 2018 without any co morbidities as mentioned in the exclusion criteria. On day 4 of illness hemoglobin, packed cell volume, platelet and serum albumin were done, and the participants were classified into 3 groups based on clinical manifestationResults: In this study, hemoglobin was elevated on day 4 in group 3 when compared to other groups and it was statistically significant. Hemoconcentration and low platelet values were also seen in group 3 when compared to other groups showing statistical significance.Serum albumin was also low in group 3 when compared to other groups, which was strongly significant.Conclusion: Hence serum albumin can be used as a prognostic factor in dengue.

Contribuições técnicas e socioculturais da prevenção quaternária para a atenção primária à saúde: caminhos e desafios / Technical and socio-cultural contributions of quaternary prevention for primary health care: paths and challenges / Contribuciones técnicas y socioculturales de prevención cuaternaria para la atención primaria de salud: caminos y desafíos

Introdução: No contexto do Sistema Único de Saúde, o conceito da prevenção quaternária adentra timidamente os níveis de atenção à saúde, no entanto, sofre expansão significativa no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde. Objetivo: Identificar por meio da sistematização de evidências científicas, as contribuições técnicas e socioculturais da prevenção quaternária no âmbito da atenção primária à saúde no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de estudos presentes nas bases de dados científicas da Scientific Electronic Library Online, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, biblioteca virtual da Comissão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal do Nível Superior e MEDLINE via PubMed com a utilização dos descritores "prevenção quaternária" e "atenção primária à saúde", em inglês e português. Resultados: O corpus de análise foi composto por 22 artigos, sendo que a produção científica sobre o tema se deu de forma mais intensa a partir do ano de 2015 e, em sua maioria, possuíam como abordagem metodológica ensaios teóricos. Dentre as contribuições técnicas destacaram-se a introdução do ensino da prevenção quaternária de modo continuado aos graduandos e profissionais; a construção de protocolos e documentos de amparo profissional; a utilização de modelos explicativos dinâmicos na socialização do quadro clínico; a conduta profissional com os usuários e as contribuições socioculturais envolvendo mudanças na percepção profissional e comunitária sobre o fenômeno saúde-doença, assim como o incentivo a práticas de desmedicalização sociocultural em relação à dor, incapacidade, desconforto, envelhecimento, nascimento e morte. Conclusão: Apesar do reconhecimento das potencialidades da prevenção quaternária, faz-se necessário fortalecer estratégias que possibilitem o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas para fomentar e gerenciar alianças estratégicas com tomadores de decisão, profissionais de saúde e cidadãos, para fomentar a redução de diagnósticos e tratamentos excessivos, contribuindo com a qualidade do cuidado.

Introduction: In the context of the Unified Health System, the concept of quaternary prevention shyly enters the levels of health care, however, undergoes significant expansion in the scope of primary health care. Objective: To identify, through the systematization of scientific evidence, the technical and socio-cultural contributions of quaternary prevention within the scope of primary health care in Brazil. Methods: This is an integrative review of studies present in the scientific databases of the Scientific Electronic Library Online, Regional Portal of the Virtual Health Library of the Latin American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information of the Pan American Health Organization, virtual library of the Higher Education Personnel Improvement Commission, and MEDLINE through PubMed using the descriptors "quaternary prevention" and "primary health care", in English and Portuguese. Results: The corpus of analysis consisted of 22 articles, and the scientific production on the topic took place more intensively from the year 2015 and, for the most part, had theoretical essays as methodological approach. Among the technical contributions, we highlight the introduction of teaching on quaternary prevention in a continuous way to undergraduates and professionals; the construction of protocols and documents of professional support; the use of dynamic explanatory models in the socialization of the clinical picture and professional conduct with users and socio-cultural contributions involve changes in the professional and community perception about the phenomenon of illness and health conception, as well as the incentive to practices of socio-cultural demedicalization in relation to pain, disability, discomfort, aging, birth, and death. Conclusion: Despite the recognition of the potential of quaternary prevention, it is necessary to strengthen strategies that enable the development of public policies to foster and manage strategic alliances with decision makers, health professionals and citizens, to promote the reduction of excessive diagnoses and treatments, contributing to the quality of care.

Introducción: En el contexto del Sistema Único de Salud, el concepto de prevención cuaternaria entra tímidamente en los niveles de atención de salud, sin embargo, experimenta una expansión significativa en el alcance de la Atención Primaria de Salud. Objetivo: Identificar, a través de la sistematización de evidencia científica, las contribuciones técnicas y socioculturales de la prevención cuaternaria en el ámbito de la Atención Primaria de Salud en Brasil. Métodos: Esta es una revisión integradora de estudios presentes en las bases de datos científicas de la Biblioteca Electrónica Científica en línea, Portal Regional de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud del Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud, biblioteca virtual de la Comisión de Mejoramiento del Personal de Educación Superior y MEDLINE a través de PubMed utilizando los descriptores de prevención cuaternaria y atención primaria de salud, en inglés y portugués. Resultados: El corpus de análisis estuvo conformado por 22 artículos, siendo la producción científica sobre el tema más intensiva desde 2015 y, en su mayor parte, tuvo ensayos teóricos como abordaje metodológico. Entre los aportes técnicos, destacamos la implantación de la docencia en prevención cuaternaria de forma continua a estudiantes de pregrado y profesionales; construcción de protocolos y documentos de apoyo profesional, uso de modelos explicativos dinámicos en la socialización del cuadro clínico y conducta profesional con los usuarios y los aportes socioculturales implican cambios en la percepción profesional y comunitaria sobre el fenómeno de la enfermedad y la concepción de la salud, así como el incentivo a prácticas de desmedicalización sociocultural en relación al dolor, discapacidad, malestar, envejecimiento, nacimiento y muerte. Conclusión: A pesar del reconocimiento del potencial de la prevención cuaternaria, es necesario fortalecer estrategias que permitan el desarrollo de políticas públicas para fomentar y gestionar alianzas estratégicas con los tomadores de decisiones, profesionales de la salud y ciudadanos, para promover la reducción de diagnósticos y tratamientos excesivos, contribuyendo a la calidad de la atención.

Investigation and Study on Present Situation of Clinical Pharmaceutical Care in 39 Medical Institutions in Chong- qing / 中国药房

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE：To investigate the present situation of clinical pharmacy in different levels of medical institutions in Chongqing，and to investigate the method for optimizing clinical pharmaceutical care. METHODS：By questionnaire survey，50 sample medical institutions（including 15 third level hospitals，25 second level hospitals and 10 first level hospitals）in Chongqing were selected according to the region，the level of medical institutions，comprehensive and specialized hospitals. The team of clinical pharmacists and the development of clinical pharmacy were investigated，and the results were statistically analyzed to find common problems and put forward relevant suggestions. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS：Totally 45 questionnaires were collected， with a recovery rate of 90％，of which 39 questionnaires were qualified，with a qualified rate of 86.67％. There were 32 hospitals （82.05％）in 39 medical institutions with clinical pharmacy departments and 4 hospitals（10.26％）with clinical pharmacist training base. There were 239 full-time pharmacists in 39 medical institutions，with an average of 6.13 persons in each medical institution， including 4.5 full-time clinical pharmacists，and 2-5 full-time clinical pharmacists（25 hospitals）in most medical institutions. Top 5 clinical departments that clinical pharmacists mainly participated in were respiratory department，cardiovascular department， endocrinology department，ICU and oncology department. Most of the clinical pharmacists（16 hospitals，42.11％）worked in the clinic for more than 50％ to no more than 80％. The number of medical institutions（28-37，＞70.00％）carrying out ADR monitoring， rational drug use knowledge publicity， prescription and medical order comment， ward round， consultation， editing and publishing drug information was relatively high. 28 medical institutions（78.95％）did not carry out the test of therapeutic drugs；39（100％）medical institutions had carried out the education of patients’drug use，in the form of billboards（30 hospitals，78.95％），science lectures（28 hospitals，73.68％）and drug education forms（28 hospitals，73.68％）The contents of drug use education mainly included precautions（39 hospitals，100％），usage and dosage（37 hospitals，97.37％）， ADR（36 hospitals，94.74％）. 29 hospitals had carried out clinical pharmaceutical research（73.68％），mainly rational drug use research（28 hospitals，73.68％）；5 medical institutions（12.82％）had set up joint pharmacy outpatient service，2（5.12％）had set up independent pharmacy outpatient service，the rest had not set up pharmacy outpatient service（26 hospitals，66.67％）. In this survey，it is found that there are some problems，such as incomplete coverage of beds in the ward in pharmaceutical care，weak foundation of scientific research in pharmaceutical departments. It is suggested that the national and local health committees should strengthen the construction of multi-level clinical pharmacy talent echelon，explore and train resident clinical pharmacists，select and build key clinical pharmacy specialties in Chongqing，and establish incentive mechanism for clinical pharmacists. Medical institutions at all levels can adopt multiple ways to accelerate the training of clinical pharmacists，increase the publicity of pharmacists’outpatient service，change the working mode of the ward，cultivate special clinical pharmacists，improve the ways and paths of continuing education，and enhance the strength of scientific research to improve the level of clinical pharmaceutical care.

Current status and strategies in public training of cardiopulmonary resuscitation at home and abroad / 中华全科医师杂志

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training plays an important role in improving the survival rate of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, and attention should be paid to the knowledge education and skill training of CPR for the public. This article reviews the current situation of CPR training at home and abroad, and puts forward suggestions for CPR training in China, particularly emphasizes that CPR training should be included in the compulsory education and that general practitioners should play a leading role in public CPR training.

Present situation and development strategy of Alpinia oxyphylla / 中国中药杂志

@#Alpinia oxyphylla is mainly produced in Hainan,and also one of the four famous traditional Chinese medicines in South China with increasing importance in traditional Chinese medicine industry. Field surveys and literatures show that A. oxyphylla has widely used as a medicinal and edible plant,it is an important raw material for many Chinese patent medicines,health products and food,with a long history of artificial cultivation and application. The future development is prospected on health market. But A. oxyphylla industry has faced a lot of problems,including unreasonable planting layout,lack of good varieties,imperfect seed breeding system,low level of standardization,inconsistent quality of medicinal materials,low level of industry,and so on. The suggestions for sustainable development are listed below.First,it is essential to strengthen the research on the basis and application technology of A. oxyphylla,speed up the selection and breeding of improved varieties,and popularize standardized cultivation techniques. Secondly,it is important to strengthen the research on quality standards,improve the quality evaluation system of medicinal materials. Thirdly,it is necessary to take full advantage of the functional components to develop functional products with Hainan characteristics,find out the unique product characteristics of A. oxyphylla,build a famous brand and improve the product competitiveness in the market. It is also important to strengthen policy support and industrial supervision,promote the healthy and rapid development of A. oxyphylla industry.