ABSTRACT
La enfermedad COVID-19 ha afectado la salud, la economía y los estilos de vida de la población mundial, la ciudad de la Santísima Trinidad del departamento del Beni - Bolivia sufrió una de las peores tragedias sanitarias de su historia por la pandemia, con el más alto índice de riesgo y elevadas tasas de incidencia de Morbimortalidad. El objetivo de la investigación fue elaborar un programa de prevención y control de COVID-19 para contribuir a disminuir la tasa de incidencia de morbilidad y de mortalidad. Se aplicaron métodos teóricos como fueron el dialéctico, el holístico - holográfico, el sistémico estructural - funcional, la modelación y el histórico; además se trabajó con los métodos empíricos como la observación científica y la medición, aunado a las técnicas para la revisión documental, así como la entrevista y la encuesta. Se observó que las tasas de incidencia de Morbimortalidad fueron las más altas del departamento del Beni y del Estado Plurinacional de Bolivia no se realizó una planificación adecuada para la prevención y control del COVID-19, lo que saturo los establecimientos de salud y colapsó el sistema de salud. Las conclusiones se sistematizó los fundamentos teóricos sobre la morbilidad, mortalidad y programas de prevención y control del COVID-19, se elaboró un modelo teórico, en el cual se precisó la estructura interna, los componentes y sus relaciones y se elaboró un programa de prevención y control contra el COVID-19.
The COVID-19 disease has affected the health, the economy and the lifestyles of de world population, the city of Santísima Trinidad in the department of Beni - Bolivia Suffered one of the worst heajth tragedies in its history due to the pandemic with the highest risk index and high incidence rates of morbidity and mortality. The objective of the research was to develop a program for the prevention and control program of COVID-19 to help reduce the incidence rate of morbidity and mortality. The theoretical methods applied were the dialectic, the holistic - holographic, the systemic structural - functional, modeling and historical; the empirical methods applied were scientific observation and measurement and the techniques applied were the documentary review, the interview and the survey. Results: the incidence rates of morbidity and mortality were the highest in the departament and in the country, adecuate planning was not carried out for the prevention and control of COVID-19, which saturated the health facilities and collapsed the health system. The conclusions of the research work were: the theoretical foundations on morbidity, mortality and prevention and control programs of COVID-19 were systematized, a theorical model was developed, in which the internal structure, the components and their relationships were specified and a prevention and control program against COVID-19 was developed.
A doença COVID-19 afetou a saúde, a economia e os estilos de vida da população mundial. A cidade de Santísima Trinidad no departamento de Beni - Bolívia sofreu uma das piores tragédias sanitárias de sua história devido à pandemia, com o maior índice de risco e altas taxas de incidência de morbidade e mortalidade. O objetivo da pesquisa era desenvolver um programa de prevenção e controle COVID-19 para ajudar a reduzir a taxa de incidência de morbidade e mortalidade. Métodos teóricos como dialético, holístico-holográfico, estrutural-funcional sistêmico, modelagem e métodos históricos foram aplicados, bem como métodos empíricos como observação e medição científica, juntamente com técnicas de revisão documental, entrevista e pesquisa. Observou-se que as taxas de incidência de morbidade e mortalidade foram as mais altas no departamento de Beni e no Estado Plurinacional da Bolívia, e que não houve um planejamento adequado para a prevenção e controle da COVID-19, o que saturou as instalações de saúde e entrou em colapso no sistema de saúde. As conclusões do trabalho de pesquisa foram: os fundamentos teóricos sobre os programas de morbidade, mortalidade e prevenção e controle da COVID-19 foram sistematizados, um modelo teórico foi elaborado, no qual a estrutura interna, os componentes e suas relações foram especificados, e um programa de prevenção e controle contra a COVID-19 foi elaborado.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Morbidity , Mortality , PandemicsABSTRACT
An epidemiological analysis of the forms and distribution of Dengue fever in Brazil and worldwide was carried out. The National Program of Dengue Control (NPDC) was evaluated based on the data available at "Diagdengue" an official computerized information system allowing to follow-up the implantation and impact of the Program. A factorial analysis was performed by means of a set of indicators contributing to variability. The indicator scores were added and the cities demanding for prior attention of the NPCD were classified for the construction of an index, which is presented three-monthly for every state, with intervals distributed between 0 and 9. The implantation of the NCPD is irregular. Cities with bad implantation are predominating in the north and northeast of the country. In the second analysis, socio-economic variables of the selected cities were added. For the association tests these cities were classified into two groups: "Bad" and "Good/Very Good", based on the association of the index of building infestation informed in the FAD (Yellow Fever and Dengue) database and the constructed index. Associations were verified based on variance analysis, trend test and trend estimate. It was observed that cities with low rates of illiteracy, efficient garbage collection and high ratio of sanitary installations are correlated with a good classification of the city according to Diagdengue.