Clinical observation of acupuncture with host-guest combination using Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points plus Tuina for the third lumbar transverse process syndrome / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective: To observe the effects of acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination plus Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) on the third lumbar transverse process syndrome. Methods: A total of 88 patients with the third lumbar transverse process syndrome were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group according to the random number table method, with 44 cases in each group. The control group was treated with Tuina, and the observation group was treated with additional acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination. The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared after treatment. The changes in the scores of physical signs, Roland-Morris disability questionnaire (RMDQ), Oswestry disability index (ODI), Quebec back pain disability scale (QBPDS), and pain factors [including serum prostaglandin (PG) E2, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3)] were observed. Results: After treatment, the total effective rate in the observation group was 93.2％, higher than 75.0％ in the control group; the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Compared with those before treatment, the scores of physical signs and each low back pain scale, and the levels of serum pain factors in the two groups were decreased (P<0.05), and those in the observation group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion: Acupuncture at Yuan-Primordial and Luo-Connecting points by host-guest combination plus Tuina is effective in the treatment of the third lumbar transverse process syndrome; it can improve the patient's physical signs, relieve low back pain, and reduce the levels of serum pain factors.

El Psicoanálisis y sus lazos con la creatividad. Winnicott postula una creatividad primordial ¿Cuál es la ganancia para los psicoanalistas de revisar esta lógica? / Psychoanalysis and its ties with creativity. Winnicott postulates a primordial creativity. What is the gain for psychoanalysts of revising this logic?

Nos proponemos un recorrido por los escritos de Freud, que apunte a cernir los lazos entre creatividad y psicoanálisis, junto con los aportes de M. Klein y J. Lacan, con el propósito de dilucidar el novedoso aporte de D. Winnicott, acerca de una creación primaria, anterior a la sublimación, fundante de la zona propicia para la apertura de lo posible a ser subjetivado

We propose a journey through the writings of Freud, which aims to close the ties between creativity and psychoanalysis, together with the contributions of M. Klein and J. Lacan, in order to elucidate the novel contribution of D. Winnicott, about a primary creation, prior to sublimation, founding of the area conducive to the opening of the possible to be subjectivated

Generation of developmentally competent oocytes and fertile mice from parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells

Parthenogenetic embryos, created by activation and diploidization of oocytes, arrest at mid-gestation for defective paternal imprints, which impair placental development. Also, viable offspring has not been obtained without genetic manipulation from parthenogenetic embryonic stem cells (pESCs) derived from parthenogenetic embryos, presumably attributable to their aberrant imprinting. We show that an unlimited number of oocytes can be derived from pESCs and produce healthy offspring. Moreover, normal expression of imprinted genes is found in the germ cells and the mice. pESCs exhibited imprinting consistent with exclusively maternal lineage, and higher X-chromosome activation compared to female ESCs derived from the same mouse genetic background. pESCs differentiated into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGCLCs) and formed oocytes following in vivo transplantation into kidney capsule that produced fertile pups and reconstituted ovarian endocrine function. The transcriptome and methylation of imprinted and X-linked genes in pESC-PGCLCs closely resembled those of in vivo produced PGCs, consistent with efficient reprogramming of methylation and genomic imprinting. These results demonstrate that amplification of germ cells through parthenogenesis faithfully maintains maternal imprinting, offering a promising route for deriving functional oocytes and having potential in rebuilding ovarian endocrine function.

Progress in molecular mechanism and clinical application of primordial follicle activation / 中国医师杂志

With the continuous elucidation of the molecular mechanism of primordial follicle activation, clinical in vitro activation (IVA) has gradually become a clinical treatment for premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) and reduced ovarian reserve (DOR). This article will review the mechanism of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), hippo signal and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signal involved in the activation of primordial follicles, and the application of IVA in patients with POI and DOR.

Prevención primaria y primordial de enfermedad cardiovascular del adulto: cómo actuar desde la niñez: puesta al día / Primary and primordial prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults: how to act from childhood: update

La enfermedad cardiovascular (ECV) es la principal causa de muerte en el mundo. Existe evidencia que demuestra que la enfermedad ateroesclerótica, génesis de la ECV, se inicia a edades tempranas de la vida. La presencia y el desarrollo de esta se puede relacionar con los mismos factores de riesgo presentes en adultos (hipertensión arterial, dislipidemias, obesidad, diabetes mellitus y síndrome metabólico). Distintos factores de riesgo conductuales modificables aumentan la posibilidad de desarrollar ECV en edad adulta. Debido a la dificultad de lograr cambios sostenidos y efectivos en adultos se debe actuar desde la niñez enseñando estilos de vida saludables junto con la detección precoz de factores de riesgo para ECV en edad pediátrica. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue revisar la bibliografía actual sobre prevención de enfermedad cardiovascular del adulto desde la niñez, realizando una actualización sobre cuáles son los factores de riesgo de ECV presentes en niños y adolescentes, así como también entregar estrategias de prevención primordial y primaria.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the world. There is evidence that shows that atherosclerotic disease, the genesis of CVD, begins early in life. The presence and development of this is related to the same risk factors present in adults (arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia, obesity, diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome). Various modifiable behavioral risk factors suffered the possibility of developing CVD in adulthood. Due to the difficulty of achieving sustained and effective changes in adults, action should be taken from childhood, teaching healthy lifestyles along with the early detection of risk factors for CVD in pediatric age. The objective of the present work was to review the current bibliography on prevention of cardiovascular disease in adults from childhood, making an update on outputs are the risk factors for CVD present in children and adolescents, as well as to provide primary and primary prevention strategies.

O sexual primordial: ingrediente da inquietante estranheza? / The primordial sexual: ingredient of the uncanny strangeness? / Lo sexual primordial: ¿ingrediente de la inquietante extrañeza?

O artigo pretende ampliar a ideia freudiana de que os elementos do sentimento da inquietante estranheza são resultantes do trabalho do recalque. Pretendemos esboçar um possível entrelaçamento entre o que Freud propõe pensarmos como O estranho, a sexualidade infantil e o sexual primordial, relacionando estes aspectos com as nossas dificuldades, como psicanalistas, de pensar e debater temas cada vez mais presentes na realidade do homem do século XXI: as pluralidades e as diversidades da sexualidade (AU)

The article intends to expand the Freudian idea that the elements of the feeling of uncanny strangeness result from the work of repression. We intend to outline a possible weaving between what Freud proposes to think of as The stranger, child sexuality and primordial sexual, relating these aspects to our difficulties, as psychoanalysts, to think and debate themes increasingly present in the reality of the 21st century people: the pluralities and diversities of sexuality (AU)

El artículo pretende ampliar la idea freudiana de que los elementos del sentimiento de inquietante extrañeza son el resultado del trabajo de represión. Pretendemos esbozar un posible vínculo entre lo que Freud propone pensar como El extraño, la sexualidad infantil y la sexualidad primordial, relacionando estos aspectos con nuestras dificultades, como psicoanalistas, de pensar y debatir temas cada vez más presentes en la realidad del hombre del siglo XXI: las pluralidades y diversidades de la sexualidad (AU)

O estranho, o duplo, e a possibilidade de uma relação amorosa genuína / The uncanny, the double, and the possibility of a genuine loving relationship / El extraño, el doble y la posibilidad de una relación de amor genuina / L'étrange(r), le double, et la possibilité d'une relation amoureuse authentique

O autor vale-se inicialmente de experiências pessoais de sua vida e de análise para desenvolver o tema do estranho/duplo, tal como referido no texto "The uncanny", de Freud. Discorre sobre a dificuldade de tolerarmos o encontro com o estranho-inquietante que somos nós mesmos, com quem vamos deparando na experiência analítica, e a perplexidade trazida por ele - ou melhor, eles, pois não somos apenas um outro, mas muitos outros no grupo que nos constitui. Tal como destaca Bion em seu livro A memoir of the future, somos um grupo de estranhos, como tiranossauro, ameba, somitos, aristocratas, homem primitivo assassino e brutal, astrofísico, prostituta, diabo, sacerdote, vilão de ficção, fanáticos religiosos etc. O trabalho do analista seria única e exclusivamente apresentar e intermediar o encontro de um indivíduo com ele mesmo, ou seja, com estranhos que vão surgindo a cada sessão ou a cada momento da análise. A possibilidade de acolher e assimilar esses estranhos, desde os mais brutais e violentos aos mais amorosos e sofisticados permitiria ao indivíduo equipar-se para manejar de forma realista seus aspectos virulentos e instrumentar-se com eles, pois, na falta deles, torna-se incapaz de lidar com as situações internas e externas de modo favorável, arriscando até mesmo sua própria sobrevivência. Uma relação genuinamente amorosa de uma pessoa com ela mesma só seria possível com o reconhecimento e aceitação de tudo o que seria ela mesma, por mais que possa lhe parecer assustador. Sua condição para estabelecer vínculos igualmente genuínos e amorosos com terceiros estaria intimamente ligada a essa possibilidade de casar-se consigo própria, seja lá o que isso venha a ser.

The author begins considering his personal experiences in his private life and in analysis to develop the work concerned with the uncanny/double, as it was first mentioned by Freud in his work "The uncanny". He writes about the difficulties we have to tolerate the encounter with the perplexing uncanny-disturbing double that are ourselves as we face him in analysis. He enhances that we are not only one stranger to ourselves, but many, constituting a group or more frequently an agglomerated of characters as pointed out by Bion in his book "A Memoir of the Future" constituted by aspects that are very primordial and primitive (Amoeba, T. Rex, somites etc.) and very sophisticated ones (astronomer, great poets, psychoanalyst...) that present themselves in the course of the analysis. The analyst's task would be to present one to oneself and to intermediate this encounter with the various characters that constitute us in order to allow the assimilation of these aspects. Their recognition and acceptance would make possible the development of a real capacity to deal and manage them either intrapsychically or in everyday life in a favorable way. The absence of recognition of our violent and greedy aspects is risky because a naïf outlook is a danger to our survival. If recognized and accepted they can be turned into important tools if the person is also capable of true love and capacity to repair. Someone's real genuine and loving relationship to oneself is possible only with the acceptance of everything that constitutes him/her, even though this might be a frightening experience. This is also the main condition to have a real and loving relationship with other people.

El autor inicialmente se basa en experiencias personales de su vida y análisis para desarrollar el tema del extraño/doble, como se menciona en el texto "The uncanny" de Freud. Discute la dificultad de tolerar el encuentro con el extraño inquietante que nosotros mismos estamos encontrando en la experiencia analítica y la perplejidad que él, o más bien ellos, porque no somos solo otro sino muchos otros en el grupo que nos constituye, como señala Bion en su libro Una memoria del futuro, desde los aspectos más primordiales (como Amoeba, Tyrannosaurus Rex, somitas etc.) hasta los más sofisticados (astrofísico, grandes poetas, psicoanalistas ...). El trabajo del analista consistiría única y exclusivamente en presentar y mediar el encuentro de un individuo consigo mismo, es decir, con los extraños que emergen en cada sesión o en cada momento del análisis. La posibilidad de acoger y asimilar a estos extraños, desde los más brutales y violentos hasta los más amorosos y sofisticados, permitiría al individuo equiparse para manejar de manera realista sus aspectos virulentos e instruirse con ellos, ya que en su ausencia se vuelve incapaz de lidiar favorablemente con situaciones internas y externas, incluso arriesgando su propia supervivencia. Una relación genuinamente amorosa con uno mismo solo sería posible con el reconocimiento y la aceptación de todo lo que sería uno mismo, por más aterrador que parezca. Su condición para establecer vínculos igualmente genuinos y amorosos con los demás estaría estrechamente relacionada con esta posibilidad de casarse con ella, sea lo que sea.

L'auteur s'appuie d'abord sur des expériences tirées de sa vie et de son analyse personnelles pour développer le thème de l'étrange(r)/double, évoqué dans le texte de Freud intitulé "The uncanny". Il aborde la difficulté de tolérer la rencontre avec l'inconnu-troublant qui est le soi-même qui nous est presenté dans l'expérience analytique et la perplexité qu'il - ou plutôt eux, car nous ne sommes pas simplement un autre mais beaucoup d'autres qui forment le groupe qui nous constitue, tel que le souligne Bion dans son livre A memoir of the future - nous déclanche. Ce groupe est formé des aspects les plus primordiaux (tels que Amoeba, Tyrannosaurus Rex, somites etc.) jusqu'aux plus sophistiqués (astrophysicien, grands poètes, psychanalyste etc.). Le travail de l'analyste serait uniquement et exclusivement de présenter et de servir d'intermédiaire pour la rencontre d'un individu avec lui-même, c'est-à-dire, avec les inconnus qui émergent à chaque session ou à chaque moment de l'analyse. La capacité de recevoir chez soi et d'assimiler ces étrange(r)s, des plus brutaux et violents aux plus aimants et sophistiqués, permettrait à l'individu de s'équiper pour gérer de manière réaliste ses aspects virulents et de s'instrumenter avec eux, car en leur rejetant et en les ignorant, il devient incapable de gérer les situations internes et externes de manière favorable, voire risquer sa propre survie. Une relation véritablement amoureuse avec soi-même ne serait possible qu'avec la reconnaissance et l'acceptation de tout ce qui serait le soi-même, aussi effrayant que cela puisse paraître. Sa condition pour établir des liens authentiques et amoureux avec les autres serait étroitement liée à cette possibilité de se marier avec soi-même, n'important ce que cela puisse se révéler.

DNA damage and primordial follicle activation after in vitro culture of sheep ovarian cortex in Morus nigra leaf extract / Dano ao DNA e ativação do folículo primordial após a cultivo in vitro do córtex ovariano de ovelha em extrato de folha de Morus nigra

This study evaluated the effect of Morus nigra leaf extract, with or without supplementation, on morphology, activation and DNA damage of preantral follicles cultured within sheep ovarian tissue. Ovaries were collected and divided into fragments, being one fixed for histological and Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) analysis (fresh control). The remaining fragments were cultured for 7 days in alpha minimum essential media (α-MEM) supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA), insulin, transferrin, selenium, glutamine, hypoxanthine and ascorbic acid (α-MEM+; control medium) or into medium composed of M. nigra extract without supplements (0.1; 0.2 or 0.4mg/mL) or supplemented with the same substances described above for α-MEM+ (MN 0.1+; 0.2+ or 0.4+mg/mL). Then, tissues were destined to histological and TUNEL analysis. The α-MEM+ treatment had more morphologically normal follicles than all M. nigra extract treatments. However, α-MEM+ treatment also showed signs of atresia because the percentage of TUNEL positive cells was similar in α-MEM+ and in 0.1mg/mL M. nigra without and with supplements. Moreover, a reduction in the primordial follicles and an increase in the growing ones were observed in all treatments, except 0.2mg/mL M. nigra. In conclusion, the follicles cultured at 0.1mg/mL M. nigra extract were in good condition and able to continue their development, as demonstrated by the same rates of DNA damage and follicular activation as the control medium.(AU)

Este estudo avaliou o efeito do extrato das folhas de Morus nigra, com ou sem suplementos, sobre a morfologia, a ativação e o dano ao DNA de folículos pré-antrais cultivados inclusos em tecido ovariano. Os ovários foram coletados e divididos em fragmentos, sendo um fixado para análise histológica e ensaio de marcação de terminações dUTP mediada por desoxinucleotidil transferase terminal (TUNEL) (controle fresco). Os fragmentos restantes foram cultivados durante 7 dias em meio essencial mínimo alfa (α-MEM) suplementado com albumina sérica bovina (BSA), insulina, transferrina, selênio, glutamina, hipoxantina e ácido ascorbico (α-MEM+; meio controle) ou em meio composto de extrato de M. nigra sem suplementos (0,1; 0,2 or 0,4mg/mL) ou suplementado com as mesmas substâncias descritas para α-MEM+ (MN 0,1+; 0,2+ or 0,4+mg/mL). Então, os tecidos foram destinados à análise histológica e TUNEL. O tratamento do α-MEM+ apresentou mais folículos morfologicamente normais que todos os tratamentos do extrato de M. nigra. No entanto, o tratamento com α-MEM+ também mostrou sinais de atresia, pois a porcentagem de células TUNEL positivas foi semelhante em α-MEM+ e em 0,1mg/mL M. nigra sem e com suplementos. Além disso, observou-se uma redução nos folículos primordiais e um aumento nos folículos em crescimento em todos os tratamentos, exceto 0,2mg/mL M. nigra. Em conclusão, os folículos cultivados com 0,1mg/mL de extrato de M. nigra estavam em boas condições e aptos a continuar seu desenvolvimento, como demonstrado pelas taxas de dano ao DNA e de ativação folicular semelhantes ao meio controle.(AU)

Primordial follicle activation as new treatment for primary ovarian insufficiency / 대한생식의학회지

Primordial follicle activation is a process in which individual primordial follicles leave their dormant state and enter a growth phase. While existing hormone stimulation strategies targeted the growing follicles, the remaining dormant primordial follicles were ruled out from clinical use. Recently, in vitro activation (IVA), which is a method for controlling primordial follicle activation, has provided an innovative technology for primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) patients. IVA was developed based on Hippo signaling and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN)/phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT)/forkhead box O3 (FOXO3) signaling modulation. With this method, dormant primordial follicles are activated to enter growth phase and developed into competent oocytes. IVA has been successfully applied in POI patients who only have a few remaining remnant primordial follicles in the ovary, and healthy pregnancies and deliveries have been reported. IVA may also provide a promising option for fertility preservation in cancer patients and prepubertal girls whose fertility preservation choices are limited to tissue cryopreservation. Here, we review the basic mechanisms, translational studies, and current clinical results for IVA. Limitations and further study requirements that could potentially optimize IVA for future use will also be discussed.

Characterization of blueberry cultivar ‘climax’ / Caracterização da cultivar ‘climax’ de mirtileiro

The objective of this work was to characterize the blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) cultivar Climax, Rabbiteye group (Vaccinium ashei Reade). In order to achieve that, a survey with blueberry plants (cultivar Climax), in full production, was conducted during the 2012/13 and 2013/14 seasons in the mesoregion of Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. Data regarding the distribution of flower and vegetative buds on branches of two lengths (long and short) was collected. Another evaluation, considering three positions of flower buds in the branch (apical, medial and basal), the number of flower primordia, open flowers and fruits formed was performed. Data were subject to ANOVA and, when significant, the averages were compared using either the F or Tukey’s HSD test (p ≤ 0.05). The results demonstrate the presence of flower buds intercalated with vegetative ones. The total number of flower and vegetative buds, flower primordia, flowers and fruits was influenced by the length of the branch. Likewise, the position of the bud on the branch affected the results, with a greater number of flower primordia on the basal, a greater number of flowers on the medial and a greater number of fruits on the apical portions of the branches.

Objetivou-se realizar a caracterização do mirtileiro (Vaccinium spp.), cultivar Clímax, grupo Rabbiteye (Vaccinium ashei Reade). Para tanto, foi conduzida a pesquisa com plantas da cultivar Clímax, em plena produção, durante as safras de 2012/13 e 2013/14. Foram coletados dados referentes à distribuição das gemas floríferas e vegetativas nos ramos de dois comprimentos (longos e curtos). Bem como, sob estes, foi avaliado, considerando-se três posições de gemas floríferas no ramo (apical, mediana e basal), o número de primórdios florais, flores abertas e frutos formados. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e quando houve efeito significativo suas médias foram comparadas pelo teste de F e/ou Tukey (p ≤ 0,05). Os resultados demonstraram a presença de gemas floríferas intercaladas às vegetativas. O número total de gemas floríferas e vegetativas, de primórdios florais, flores e frutos foi influenciado pelo comprimento do ramo. Da mesma forma, a posição da gema no ramo, influenciou os resultados, sendo observado maior número de primórdios florais na gema basal, maior número de flores na porção mediana e maior número de frutos na apical.

Nanos2 in the male reproductive system: Progress in studies / 中华男科学杂志

Nanos2, a member of the Nanos2 gene family, is a specific gene in male germ cells and encodes an evolutionarily conserved RNA binding protein expressed in male primordial germ cells (PGCs) during the embryonic period as well as in the spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) of the testis. In the embryonic period, Nanos2 promotes the development of male PGCs and inhibits them from meiosis. In the process of spermatogenesis, Nanos2 suppresses the differentiation of SSCs in the testis and maintains the stability of the SSC pool. The knockout of Nanos2 may cause the disappearance of germ cells and sterility in male mice while its overexpression in the testis may lead to accumulation of SSCs in seminiferous tubules. Besides, Nanos2 is involved in the degradation of specific RNAs and possibly associated with some diseases of the male reproductive system. This review focuses on the recent progress in the studies of Nanos2 in the male reproductive system.

The clinical characteristics of de novo primary AML with higher blast cell ratio in peripheral blood than bone marrow and its e relationship with CR1 / 实用医学杂志

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of de novo primary AML patients with higher blast cell ratio in peripheral blood than bone marrow and its relationship with CR1. Methods The clinical data on de novo primary AML patients in Henan Provincial Tumor Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016 were ret-rospectively reviewed. Based on the proportion of blast cells in the peripheral blood and bone marrow ,the patients were divided into BHG and NBHG. All the data was analyzed respectively by Schisquare test ,rank sum test or Spearman correlation analysis according to the types of clinical data. Results As compared with NBHG patients , BHG patients had a higher rate of bleeding,palpitation,M2 subtype,FLT3-ITD mutation,and average level of LDH andα-HBDH in serum before treatment,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);however, the rate of CR1,M3 and M5 subtype in BHG patients was lower than that in NBHG patients,and the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). The proportion of peripheral blood blast cells in patients with AML has a positive correlation with serum levels of LDH and α-HBDH(R:0.331 and 0.352,P < 0.05). Conclusions De novo primary AML patients with higher blast cell ratio in peripheral blood than bone marrow are mostly M2 subtype,easily associated with FLT3-ITD mutation,bleeding and palpitation symptoms,and they have a lower CR1rate. The proportion of blast cells in peripheral blood is positively correlated with levels of serum LDH and α-HBDH.

Discussion on Primordial and Sensitized States of Acupuncture Points / 针刺研究

According to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture points are very important in the treatment of various clinical conditions. This paper focuses on the correlation and connotation of two scientific propositions, i．e., the primordial state and sensitized state of acupoints. We hold that the modern concept of acupuncture point may be not the same as the traditional one in the connotations. The current acupuncture points are probably referred to the spots for acupuncture stimulation, rather than simple acupoints, while the sensitized state is possibly one of its characteristics. The sensitized acupuncture point in fact may not be the main treatment locus for strengthening the body resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors. Contemporary research and establishment of theoretical framework should aim at developing a complete knowledge system pertaining to acupuncture-moxibustion medicine rather than deviating or separating it from the fundamental principles of the overall regulation of acupuncture or moxibustion treatment.

Anethole reduces oxidative stress and improves in vitro survival and activation of primordial follicles

Primordial follicles, the main source of oocytes in the ovary, are essential for the maintenance of fertility throughout the reproductive lifespan. To the best of our knowledge, there are no reports describing the effect of anethole on this important ovarian follicle population. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of different anethole concentrations on the in vitro culture of caprine preantral follicles enclosed in ovarian tissue. Randomized ovarian fragments were fixed immediately (non-cultured treatment) or distributed into five treatments: α-MEM+ (cultured control), α-MEM+ supplemented with ascorbic acid at 50 μg/mL (AA), and anethole at 30 (AN30), 300 (AN300), or 2000 µg/mL (AN2000), for 1 or 7 days. After 7 days of culture, a significantly higher percentage of morphologically normal follicles was observed when anethole at 2000 μg/mL was used. For both culture times, a greater percentage of growing follicles was observed with the AN30 treatment compared to AA and AN2000 treatments. Anethole at 30 and 2000 µg/mL concentrations at days 1 and 7 of culture resulted in significantly larger follicular diameter than in the cultured control treatment. Anethole at 30 µg/mL concentration at day 7 showed significantly greater oocyte diameter than the other treatments, except when compared to the AN2000 treatment. At day 7 of culture, levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were significantly lower in the AN30 treatment than the other treatments. In conclusion, supplementation of culture medium with anethole improves survival and early follicle development at different concentrations in the caprine species.

O ódio, a nova ação psíquica e a progressiva complexidade narcísica / Hatred, the new psychical action and the progressive narcissistic complexity

A autora apresenta, de forma evolutiva e resumida, algumas ideias de Freud em relação ao sentimento de ódio e seu papel na gênese do Eu. Mostra como na teoria freudiana, primeiramente, o ódio surge relacionado à ambivalência amor-ódio em relação ao mesmo objeto. Em seguida, desenvolve os aspectos teóricos que sofreram alterações com a introdução do narcisismo, para, então, complementar com o que surge a partir da introdução da dialética de 1920, pulsão de vida e pulsão de morte. O texto pretende estabelecer uma conexão teórica entre o surgimento do ódio e a nova ação psíquica, ação que tende a complexizar o narcisismo. A autora estabelece conexões teóricas com movimentos pulsionais de destruição, resultantes do duplo retorno da pulsão de destruição, força propulsora que desestabiliza a construção de um alicerce narcísico estruturante do sujeito, abrindo as vias para o surgimento de um narcisismo destrutivo. Finalmente, apresenta uma síntese dos argumentos teóricos que permitem pensar a hipótese de que a relação do ódio e a nova ação psíquica se baseiam em elementos teóricos que irão se entrelaçar entre as duas tópicas: (a) conflito de ambivalência; (b) desamparo, narcisismo primordial e angústia primordial; (c) sensorialidade-não-ligada; (d) interrupção no ritmo presença-ausência e a periodicidade; (e) trabalho do negativo estruturante e narcisismo negativo ou mortífero; (f) ódio como marcador de uma intensidade energética destrutiva; (g) a nova ação psíquica resultado da progressiva complexidade do narcisismo; (h) ódio e Drang; (i) objeto primário revestido de ódio e a falha na estratificação narcísica.

Novel compound heterozygous mutations of the PCNT gene in one Chinese boy with microcephalic osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism typeⅡ:case report and literature review / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

[Summary] Microcephalic or Majewski's osteodysplastic primordial dwarfism type Ⅱ ( MOPD Ⅱ) is an extremely rare genetic disease mainly caused by pericentrin ( PCNT) gene mutations. This paper reported one 13-year-old boy, who was admitted because of the slow growth for more than 13 years and deepened skin color over six months. He was diagnosed as MOPD Ⅱ associated with a combination of growth hormone deficiency, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, acanthosis nigricans, multiple café-au-lait spots. On magnetic resonance imaging of brain, no vascular malformations such as aneurysms were shown. There were novel compound heterozygous mutations of PCNT gene in the patient, with the nonsense mutations of c. 502C > T ( p. Gln168 * heterozygous variation) and c. 3103C > T (p. Arg1035* heterozygous variation). His father carried a nonsense mutation c. 3103C > T ( p. Arg1035 *heterozygous variation ) and his mother had a nonsense mutation c. 502C > T ( p. Gln168 * heterozygous variation). After treatment with metformin for three months, his blood glucose returned to normal, and acanthosis nigricans was improved. It seems critical to evaluate the abnormal condition of blood vessels regularly for MOPD Ⅱpatients with PCNT gene mutations.

Caracterización y marcación de células germinales primordiales / Characterization and marking of primordial germ cells

Las células germinales primordiales (CGP) son los precursores de los ovocitos y espermatocitos. Se caracterizan por ser las únicas capaces de retener verdaderamente la capacidad de desarrollo pluripotencial luego de la gastrulación. Estas células provienen del epiblasto, diferenciándose del resto de las células somáticas gracias a señales emitidas por el ectodermo extraembrionario y endodermo visceral tempranamente a partir de los días 6,0 a 7,5 dpc. en la especie murina. Luego migran a través de intestino primitivo y mesenterio dorsal hasta llegar a las crestas genitales alrededor de los 10,5 dpc. Las células germinales primordiales tienen una variada morfología y expresión génica, por lo tanto presentan distintos marcadores según el estadío en el que se encuentren. Dentro de los marcadores más estudiados y caracterizados se encuentran fragillis, c-Kit, Stella, DAZ, Vasa, GCNA1, Blimp1 y SSEA-1.

Primordial germ cells (PGC) are the precursors of oocytes and spermatocytes. They are characterized by being the only ones capable of accurately retaining pluripotent developmental ability after gastrulation. These cells come from the epiblast, they differ from somatic cells by signals from the extra-embryonic ectoderm and visceral endoderm, starting from day 6.0 to 7.5 dpc in murine species. Then migrate through the primitive gut and dorsal mesentery to reach genital ridges around 10.5 dpc. The primordial germ cells have a varied morphology and gene expression therefore have different markers according to the stage where they are. Among the most studied and characterized markers are Fragilis, c-Kit, Stella, DAZ, Vasa, GCNA1, Blimp1 and SSEA-1.

Study on isolation and culture modes of mouse primordial germ cell and its biological characteristics / 重庆医学

Objective To explore a simple and efficient method for isolating and culturing mouse primordial germ cells (mPGCs) in vitro in order to provide the sufficient mPGCs sources of mouse model .Methods The 12 .5 dpc mouse embryonic gen-ital ridge were isolated in vitro and cut into pieces ,then the organization to adherent culture was performed in a-MEM medium con-taining fetal calf serum and insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS) and follicle stimulating hormone(FSH) and recombinant endothelial growth factor(rEGF) .The inverted microscope was used to observe the cellular morphology .Flow cytometry was used to identify the stage specific embryonic antigens of cultured cells .Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and immunofluo-rescence were used to identify the pluripotency gene Oct4 expressions of stem cells and specific genes in the meiosis phaseⅠ .Results The in vitro isolated and cultured mPGCs showed good cell morphology ,extremely strong proliferation capacity and the positive expression of SSEA-1 and negative expression of SSEA-4 ,Oct4 ,meanwhile the expressions of Stra8 ,Vasa ,Scp3 ,Zp3 were detected to be positive .Conclusion Using this culture method can culture the high purity of mPGCs with the excellent stem cell properties and extremely strong proliferative ability ,moreover which makes the cells entering the meiosis stage .

Bioprospecting optimal phenology for bioactive molecules in native golden yellow Pleurotus citrinopileatus Singer

Objective: To bioprospect optimal phenological phases as source of novel molecules from native golden yellow Pleurotus citrinopileatus across four phenologies in both aqueous and ethanol extracts, and identify novel molecules responsible for these activities. Methods: Standard qualitative assay, Folin-Ciocalteu assay; aluminium chloride spectrophotometric, 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, 2, 2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-suslfonic acid, ferricyanide reducing antioxidant power were used to determine total flavonoid, polyphenols, radical scavenging, and reducing power. Spectrophotometric methods were used for lycopene, β-carotene, and total carotenoids, while liquid chromatography quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry was used for identification and comparative quantitation of polyphenols and flavonoids across the four phenological states. ChemSpider™ database was used for the identification of compounds based on their empirical formula, accurate mass and literature review of previously reported compounds in mushroom. Results: Primordial phases exhibited higher contents of secondary metabolites than mature basidiocarps. Polyphenols content differed across physiological phases with primordials exhibiting significant high contents (P < 0.05) [(13.803 ± 0.797) mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry weight]. Distribution of total flavonoids was significantly different (P < 0.05) across physiological states and ranged from (3.311 ± 0.730) to (14.824 ± 0.890) mg quercetin equivalent g dry weight. Ten polyphenol acids and seven flavonoids compounds identified varied across these phases with primordials exhibiting relatively high peak areas. Total antioxidant activities showed a positive correlation with total polyphenols (r. =. 0.969; P < 0.05) and total flavonoids (r. =. 0.960; P < 0.05) across these phenologies. Conclusions: These findings provide evidence that primordials of golden yellow mushroom as opposed to their fruiting bodies are potent sources of bioactive health molecules.

Cultivation and Biological Characterization of Chicken Primordial Germ Cells

The purpose of this work was to investigate the isolation, culture process of chicken gonadal primordial germ cells (PGCs) and study their biological characterization. PGCs were harvested from 5.5-day-old chicken embryonic genital ridges and explanted onto chicken embryonic fibroblasts (CEFs). The results showed that the primary cultivation of chicken PGCs on their own gonadal stroma cells were better than CEFs at first two days for reproduction. The conditioned media supported the growth and colony formation of PGCs for a prolonged time in vitro and maintained a normal diploid karyotype, which were positively stained by alkaline phosphatase (AKP), periodic acid Schiff (PAS) and reacted with anti-SSEA-1, SSEA-3, Oct4, Blimp1 and Sox2. Real-time PCR showed that they expressed the stage specific genes CVH, Blimp1 and Dazl, the stem cell specific genes Sox2, Pouv and Nanog. They also formed the embryoid bodies (EBs). These results suggested that the chicken PGCs cultured in vitro not only had strong self-renewal ability, but also had the potential capability of multi-lineage differentiation.