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ObjectiveTo determine the trend in diabetes-related death and probability of premature mortality among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai and provide evidence for the formulation of relevant intervention strategies. MethodsMortality and demographic data were collected among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2020. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test with SPSS 21.0 and Excel 2010. Joinpoint regression was used to determine annual percent change （APC）. The mortality was standardized by utilizing the world standard population in 2000. ResultsA total of 25 091 cases of diabetes-related deaths were reported in Yangpu District， Shanghai from 2002 to 2020. The average annual crude mortality of diabetes-related diseases was 122.10/105， which was 116.13/105 in males and 128.23/105 in females. The difference between males and females in crude mortality was statistically significant （P<0.05）. Moreover， primary causes of diabetes-related deaths were diabetes， cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， and tumors. Among diabetic deaths， peripheral circulatory complications accounted for 50.79%， followed by renal complications （16.05%）. The crude mortality in males， females， and total of diabetes-related diseases showed an upward trend， while the standardized mortality remained stable with an upward trend in male and a downward trend in female. Furthermore， the crude mortality in males， females， and total of diabetes complicated with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases showed an increasing trend. In contrast， both the standardized mortality in males and in total showed an increasing trend， while that in females remained stable. The overall crude mortality of diabetes was on the rise， which was increasing in males and stable in females. The overall standard mortality of diabetes was on the decline， which was increasing in males while declining in females. In addition， the probability of premature mortality caused by diabetes-related diseases， cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases complicated with diabetes， and diabetes decreased from 2002 to 2020 with no statistical significance. Males showed an upward trend while females showed a downward trend. ConclusionThe mortality of diabetes-related diseases， cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases complicated with diabetes， and diabetes among residents in Yangpu District of Shanghai is on the rise. Similarly， standardized mortality and probability of premature mortality in males for all three diseases are also on the rise. It warrants more attention to the health of male diabetes patients and targeted measures to reduce the disease burden.
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Objective@#To investigate the mortality of malignant tumors, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases and trends in probability of premature mortality due to these four chronic diseases in Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province from 2012 to 2021, so as to provide the evidence for perfecting the chronic disease control strategy. @*Methods@#The mortality of malignant tumors, diabetes, cardio-cerebrovascular diseases and chronic respiratory diseases among household registered residents in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021 were collected from the Guangdong Provincial Population Death Information Registration Management System, and the crude mortality, standardized mortality by the population of the Fifth National Population Census in China in 2000 and probability of premature mortality were calculated. The trends in mortality and probability of premature mortality were analyzed using average annual percent change (AAPC), and whether achieving the targets for the probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases in 2025 and 2030 were evaluated.@*Results@#A total of 226 012 deaths occurred due to four chronic diseases in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021, and the overall crude mortality and standardized mortality rates were 569.22/105 and 283.29/105, with a reduction in the probability of premature mortality from 15.04% to 12.05% (AAPC=-2.403%, Z=-7.603, P<0.001). The probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases decreased from 19.21% to 16.38% in males, and from 10.42% to 7.58% in females (AAPC=-1.893% and -3.085%, Z=-5.262 and -9.811, both P<0.001). The probability of premature mortality due to diabetes appeared a tendency towards a rise (AAPC=2.317%, Z=2.548, P=0.034), and the probability of premature mortality due to cardio-cerebrovascular diseases showed a tendency towards a decline (AAPC=-4.826%, Z=-13.590, P<0.001), while no significant changing trend was seen in the probability of premature mortality due to malignant tumors or chronic respiratory diseases (AAPC=-0.751% and -2.461%, Z=-1.532 and -1.730, P=0.125 and 0.122). The predicted probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases was 10.92% in 2025 and 9.66% in 2030 in Jiangmen City, which were both lower than the target (11.21% and 9.81%). @*Conclusions@#The probability of premature mortality due to four chronic diseases appeared a tendency towards a decline in Jiangmen City from 2012 to 2021, which can reach the target in 2025 and 2030. Males should be given a high priority for interventions of chronic diseases, and diabetes control should be reinforced.
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ObjectiveTo analyze the characteristics of death and premature death of 4 major chronic diseases （cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes） in Taizhou City from 2011 to 2018，and provide data basis for the government to formulate chronic disease prevention planning. MethodsThe death data of household registration residents in Taizhou City from 2011 to 2018 were derived from the Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management System in Zhejiang Province. The death toll ratio of chronic diseases， the mortality rate of chronic diseases， the probability of premature death of chronic diseases were analyzed. The standardization rate was calculated six times in 2010. Population composition of the census. The Joinpoint Regression Program 4.2 software was used for calculating annual percent change （APC） and its statistical test results. ResultsFrom 2011 to 2018， there were 231 724 chronic disease deaths in Taizhou City， with a mortality rate of 486.52/105 and a standardized mortality rate of 381.55/105. The proportion of chronic disease deaths to total deaths was 79.89%， of which males were higher than females and rural areas were higher than urban areas.From 2011 to 2018， the standardized mortality and early death probability of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors and chronic respiratory diseases in Taizhou showed a downward trend （P<0.05）， the standardized mortality of diabetes （P=0.46） and the early death probability （P=0.22） did not decline， and the mortality of all age groups of the above four types of chronic diseases in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. The mortality of the four types of chronic diseases from high to low are cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases， malignant tumors， chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes， and the mortality tends to increase with age. From 2011 to 2018， the probability of premature death from four types of chronic diseases in Taizhou City showed a downward trend， from 13.49% in 2011 to 10.49% in 2018， with an average annual decrease of 2.97%. The difference was statistically significant （t=‒5.83，P<0.05）. ConclusionChronic disease death is the main cause of death in Taizhou City. In order to reduce the mortality rate of chronic diseases， effective prevention and control measures for chronic diseases should be carried out， especially the prevention and control of diabetes and male chronic diseases.
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Objective: To analyze the probability of premature mortality, mortality and standardized mortality of chronic respiratory diseases during 2005-2015 in Guangdong province, thus providing scientific and effective reference for further development of prevention and control of chronic respiratory diseases. Methods: The data of chronic respiratory disease were collected from the death registration system of 2005-2015 Guangdong province residents. The probability of premature mortality, mortality, age-standardized mortality and annual percent change (APC) were calculated. Chi-square test was used to compare the rates, the trend change was identified by linear regression. Results: During year 2005-2015, the probability of premature mortality decreased from 2.48% to 1.13%, and its APC was -7.87% (F=239.58, P<0.05). The percentage of deaths from chronic respiratory diseases decreased from 14.02% to 10.84% in total deaths, with the corresponding APC of -2.96% (F=21.12, P<0.05). The mortality decreased from 71.39/100,000 to 50.76/100,000, with the corresponding APC of -3.63% (F=41.49, P<0.05). The age-standardized mortality decreased from 107.31/100,000 to 61.83/100,000, with the corresponding APC of -5.64% (F=106.83, P<0.05). Conclusions Chronic respiratory diseases remain a major health hazard for residents in Guangdong province, although their incidence shows a downtrend, so further preventive and control measures are needed to reduce the premature death from chronic respiratory diseases.
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Objective To analyze the trend of death level and the probability of premature death caused by gastric cancer in Jinshan District, Shanghai from 1980 to 2019, and to provide a basis for formulating prevention and control measures of gastric cancer. Methods The death cases of gastric cancer were collected through the death cause registration system in Jinshan District, and the crude gastric cancer death rate, standardized death rate, age group death rate, premature death probability and annual change percentage were calculated. Results From 1980 to 2019, the crude mortality of gastric cancer in Jinshan District was 22.38/100 000, and the standardized mortality was 13.85/100 000. Over these 40 years, the standardized mortality of gastric cancer showed a downward trend in both males and females (APC=-3.69%, -3.39%, P<0.001). In different periods, the mortality of gastric cancer in all age groups decreased. Over the past 40 years, the probability of premature death caused by gastric cancer showed a downward trend in both males and females (APC=-4.32%, -4.24%, P<0.001), but there was no significant downward trend in the probability of premature death caused by gastric cancer in males and females in the past 10 years. Conclusion Over the past 40 years, the mortality rate and the probability of premature death of gastric cancer in Jinshan District have shown a downward trend. However, gastric cancer is still one of the major malignant tumors that seriously threaten the health of residents in Jinshan District. Comprehensive prevention and treatment measures should be taken to reduce the mortality and the probability of premature death of gastric cancer.
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Objective@#To investigate the current status, temporal trend and achieving Health China 2030 reduction target of probability of premature mortality caused by four main non-communicable diseases (NCDs) including cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumour, diabetes, and chronic respiratory disease in China both at national and provincial level during 1990 to 2015.@*Methods@#Using the results of Global Burden of Disease study 2015 (GBD 2015), according to the method of calculating premature mortality probability recommended by WHO, the current status and temporal trend by different gender from 1990 to 2015 were calculated, analyzed, and compared. Referring to " Health China 2030" target of reduction 30% of probability of premature mortality caused by major NCDs, we evaluated the difficulty of achieving the reduction target among provinces (not including Taiwan).@*Results@#From 1990 to 2015, the probabilities of premature mortality in cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, tumour, and chronic respiratory disease were all declined consistently for both men and women in China, the total of four main NCDs decreased from 30.69% to 18.54% with higher decreasing in women (from 25.97% to 12.40%) than that in men (from 34.94% to 24.19%). In 2015, the top five provinces in terms of probability of premature mortality caused by four main NCDs were Qinghai (28.81%), Tibet (25.88%), Guizhou (24.67%), Guangxi (23.56%), and Xinjiang (23.21%) in turn, while the top five provinces with the lowest probability were Shanghai (8.40%), Beijing (9.39%), Hong Kong (10.10%), Macao (10.31%), and Zhejiang (11.70%). If achieving the " Health China 2030" target, the probabilities of premature mortality in Qinghai and Tibet with the highest probability should decline to about 20.17%, and 18.12%, respectively in 2030, while 5.88%, and 6.57% in Shanghai and Beijing, respectively. From 1990 to 2015, the probability of premature mortality of four main NCDs declined by 2.00% a year on average, the top five provinces with the fastest decline were Beijing (3.48%), Shanghai (3.24%), Zhejiang (2.81%), Fujian (2.75%), and Guangdong (2.67%), and 11 provinces including these five provinces could achieve the " Health China 2030" target by the usual rate of decline, while other 22 provinces could not achieve the target, they need greater rate of decline in order to achieve the target.@*Conclusion@#From 1990 to 2015, the probabilities of premature mortality of four main NCDs were declined consistently in China both at national and provincial level, compared with women, the men had higher probabilities and declined slower, there were significant different in probabilities of premature mortality and their change speed among provinces. Based on the results from 1990 to 2015, there were about two thirds of the provinces, which the task of achieving the Health China 2030 target will be daunting.