Analysis of PBL model in University of California, Los Angeles / 中华医学教育探索杂志

The teaching method PBL (problem-based learning), originates in Europe and the United States and has been widely used in medical education in China. PBL in David Geffen Medical School of University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a typical medical education model in the United States. This article analyzes the mature PBL teaching philosophy and operating model of UCLA from the PBL curriculum itself and the top-level design of the supporting system. It's considered that the PBL teaching method and training system in UCLA meet the training needs of medical talents with occupational competency.

Motor learning processes: an electrophysiologic perspective

The goal of the present study was to investigate electrophysiologic, qEEG, changes when individuals were exposed to a motor task. Subjects’ brain electrical activity was analyzed before and after the typewriting training task. For the neurophysiological variable asymmetry, a paired t-test was performed to compare each moment, pre and post-task, in the beta bands. The findings showed a change for the qEEG variable in each scalp site, F3/F4; C3/C4 and P3/P4. These results suggest an adaptation of pre-frontal, sensory-motor and parietal cortex, as a consequence of the typewriting training.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar mudanças eletrofisiológicas através do EEGq quando indivíduos são expostos a uma tarefa motora. A atividade elétrica no córtex dos sujeitos foi analisada antes e após o treinamento da tarefa motora. Para a variável neurofisiológica assimetria, um teste t foi implementado para comparar cada momento, pré e pós-tarefa, na banda beta. Os achados demonstraram mudança em assimetria para as seguintes regiões no escalpo: F3/F4, C3/C4 e P3/P4. Estes resultados sugerem uma adaptação das regiões pré-frontal, somatosensorial e parietal como conseqüência do treinamento de datilografia.

Changes of Multiple Memories in Patients with Non-demented Parkinson Disease / 中国心理卫生杂志

Objective:To study memory changes in patients with non-demented Parkinson disease(PD) without depression.Methods:The Nissen Version(serial reaction time task,SRTT) software(as a task of procedural learning),the WMS-CR and two tasks of implicit memory were applied in 16 PD patients(Hoehn-Yahr score I~Ⅱdegrees).Normal controls enrolled for the Nissen Version either.Results In the explicit WMS-CR and the implicit(word stem completion and degraded picture naming) tasks,the patients' scores fell within normal limits(Memory Quotient 97.1?10.6).In the SRTT,normal control group displayed significantly reduced response times(F=2.54,P=0.008) and error rates(3.2 ?0.9% to 6.8 ?2.7%,t=-2.08,P=0.045) across the blocks of repeated sequence trials.By contrast,PD patients only showed a reduction in error rates(4.7?2.0% to 3.7?1.8%,t=-2.15,P=0.038) but no change in response times.Conclusion:Impairment of nigrostriatal pathways selectively affects performance in visuo-motor learning tasks such as the SRTT,but not in the explicit tasks of WMS-CR and the implicit tasks such as word stem completion and degraded picture naming.