ABSTRACT
O objetivo deste artigo é revelar o comportamento nas mídias sociais de estudantes de cursos de graduação na área da saúde do ponto de vista da ética profissional. Realizou-se uma revisão integrativa da literatura com base na pergunta norteadora: "Há condutas não profissionais na produção de conteúdo nas mídias sociais por estudantes da área da saúde?". Foram encontrados 495 estudos nas bases de dados pesquisadas. Destes, dez atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Os estudos incluídos haviam sido feitos com estudantes dos cursos de enfermagem, medicina e odontologia. Todos demonstraram sua má conduta nas mídias sociais em algum momento. Há mais relatos de visualizações de condutas antiprofissionais nos perfis de outros colegas do que autorrelatos quanto a esse aspecto. Conclui-se que é evidente a má conduta, nas mídias sociais, de estudantes de enfermagem, medicina e odontologia
This article aims to reveal the behavior of medical, nursing and dental students from the point of view of professional ethics on social media. An integrative review was carried out based on the research question: "Are there unprofessional behaviors in the production of content on social media by medical, nursing and dental students?". A total of 495 studies, of which ten have satisfied the inclusion criteria, were found in the searched databases. The included studies had been carried out with students from universities for nursing, medical and dentistry education. Everyone has demonstrated misconduct on social media at a moment or other. There are more assertions that they see unprofessional behaviors in the profiles of other colleagues than self-assertions regarding this aspect. We can conclude that the misconduct of medical, nursing and dental students on social networks is evident
El objetivo de este artículo es revelar el comportamiento, en las redes sociales, de los estudiantes de cursos del área de la salud del punto de vista de la ética profesional. Se realizó una revisión integrativa a partir de la pregunta de investigación: "¿Existen comportamientos no profesionales en la producción de contenidos en redes sociales por parte de estudiantes del área de la salud?". Se encontraron 495 estudios, de los cuales diez han cumplido los criterios de inclusión, en las bases de datos investigadas. Los estudios habían sido realizados con estudiantes de los cursos de enfermería, medicina y odontología. Todos ellos han demostrado mala conducta en las redes sociales en algún momento. Hay más afirmaciones acerca de visualizaciones de comportamientos no profesionales en los perfiles de otros compañeros que autoaserciones sobre este aspecto. Es posible concluir que la mala conducta de estudiantes de enfermería, medicina y odontologíaen las redes sociales es evidente
Subject(s)
Humans , Students, Dental , Students, Medical , Students, Nursing , Catchment Area, Health , Health , Social Media , Professional Misconduct , EthicsABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The Ethics Committees of medical associations define standards of conduct to avoid improper professional behavior. AIM: To identify the areas of professional behavior with most allegations of misconduct. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Analysis of all ethical claims received at the Regional Ethics Court of the Chilean Medical Association between 2016 and 2021. RESULTS: Of 323 cases analyzed, 17% of complaints argued a failure in achieving a satisfactory standard of medical care, 15% unprofessional behavior, 14% disruptive interaction among physicians, 12% failure to fulfill therapeutic expectations, 6% poor quality of care, 6% fraud, 6% complains against institutions, 6% sexual misconduct, 6% inappropriate billing, 3% diagnostic errors, 3% inappropriate social behaviors, 1% refusal to provide a sick leave and 1% illegal practice. Only 41.5% of complaints were filed against registered physicians, thus limiting the capabilities of the medical ethical board. CONCLUSIONS: The most common complaints observed were professional misconduct and relationship problems between physicians.
Subject(s)
Humans , Physicians , Professional Misconduct , Chile , Ethics Committees , Ethics, Medical , FraudABSTRACT
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: In plastic surgery, a lack of ethical and moral behavior by professionals can result in unfortunate circumstances and can justify ethical-disciplinary procedures. OBJECTIVE: To review 421 plastic surgery professional-misconduct cases filed before the São Paulo State Medical Board (CREMESP) between 2008 and 2017. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study conducted in a medical council. METHODS: The cases were categorized according to sex, age, medical specialty (plastic surgery, other field or none), medical ethics code chapter(s) involved, ethics code articles violated and board ruling/outcome. RESULTS: Most of the defendants were men over 40 years of age who were experienced in their professional practice and who graduated from public and private universities all over Brazil; 47.74% had a specialist title in plastic surgery. Violation of professional responsibility (medical malpractice, recklessness or negligence) was the commonest complaint (28.43%), followed by medical advertising (24.19%) and poor doctor-patient relationship (10.39%), in violation of articles 18, 51, 75 and 1. Among the 233 cases adjudicated over this period, 133 resulted in disciplinary sanction, 80 were ruled in the physician's favor and 20 were dismissed. CONCLUSION: Classification of plastic surgery professional-misconduct cases creates possibilities for adopting preventive measures for good practice in this specialty, which would consequently reduce the number of complaints to the regional medical boards.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Surgery, Plastic , Physician-Patient Relations , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Professional MisconductABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the Ethical Conciliation Hearings held by the Regional Nursing Council of São Paulo. Methods: this is a retrospective study, of a quantitative approach, with documentary analysis. To obtain the data, documents related to ethical processes were analyzed. The time frame established for the study was from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2017. Results: 513 Ethical Conciliation Hearings were held and ratified. Nurses represent the category that most denunciate and are most accused. The highest percentages of ethical conciliations were in events related to public and hospital institutions. The Conduct Adjustment Term was the modality with the highest number of agreements. The main reason of conciliation failure was the non-attendance of at least one of the parties. Conclusions: the Ethical Conciliation Hearings represent an effective alternative instrument for the resolution of ethical-disciplinary processes in nursing.
RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar Audiencias de Conciliación Ética realizadas por el Consejo Regional de Enfermería de São Paulo. Métodos: estudio retrospectivo, de abordaje cuantitativo, con análisis documental. Para obtención de los datos, analizados documentos relativos a los procesos éticos. Recorte temporal establecido para estudio fue de 01 de enero de 2011 a 31 de diciembre de 2017. Resultados: realizadas y homologadas 513 Audiencias de Conciliación Ética. Los enfermeros representan la categoría que más realiza denuncias y es denunciada. El mayor porcentual de las conciliaciones éticas fue en eventos relativos a instituciones públicas y en instituciones hospitalarias. El Término de Ajuste de Conducta fue la modalidad con mayor aceptación de celebración de acuerdos. El principal motivo para fracaso de conciliación fue la no comparecencia de por lo menos una de las partes. Conclusiones: audiencias de Conciliación Ética se presentan como un efectivo instrumento alternativo para solución de los procesos éticos-disciplinarios en la enfermería.
RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as Audiências de Conciliação Ética realizadas pelo Conselho Regional de Enfermagem de São Paulo. Métodos: trata-se de estudo retrospectivo, de abordagem quantitativa, com análise documental. Para obtenção dos dados, foram analisados os documentos relativos aos processos éticos. O recorte temporal estabelecido para o estudo foi de 01 de janeiro de 2011 a 31 de dezembro de 2017. Resultados: foram realizadas e homologadas 513 Audiências de Conciliação Ética. Os enfermeiros representam a categoria que mais realiza denúncias e mais é denunciada. O maior percentual das conciliações éticas foi em eventos relativos a instituições públicas e em instituições hospitalares. O Termo de Ajuste de Conduta foi a modalidade com maior aceitação de celebração de acordos. O principal motivo para insucesso da conciliação foi o não comparecimento de pelo menos uma das partes. Conclusões: as Audiências de Conciliação Ética apresentam-se como um efetivo instrumento alternativo para solução dos processos éticos-disciplinares na enfermagem.
ABSTRACT
The extinctive prescription allows the extinction of the compensatory action against doctors. Its interest lies in understanding how this defence of doctors is manifested in contractual liability, law of torts and public medical-health liability. For tortuous and contractual liability, the time period limitation of the extinctive prescription can only run from the manifestation of the damage, a necessary element for there to be liability for the doctor and compensatory action against him. However, law n° 19.996 applicable to public medical-health liability establishes a different rule. In this case the time period limitation runs from the execution of the medical act. This difference has been corrected by the Supreme Court, unifying the criteria for the calculation of the limitation action period in medical matters.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Prescriptions , Physicians , Liability, Legal , MalpracticeABSTRACT
PURPOSE: This study investigated medical students' attitudes toward academic misconduct that occurs in the learning environment during the pre-clinical and clinical periods. METHODS: Third-year medical students from seven medical schools were invited to participate in this study. A total of 337 of the 557 (60.5%) students completed an inventory assessing their attitudes toward academic misconduct. The inventory covered seven factors: scientific misconduct (eight items), irresponsibility in class (six items), disrespectful behavior in patient care (five items), dishonesty in clerkship tasks (four items), free riding on group assignments (four items), irresponsibility during clerkship (two items), and cheating on examinations (one item). RESULTS: Medical students showed a strict attitude toward academic misconduct such as cheating on examinations and disrespectful behavior in patient care, but they showed a less rigorous attitude toward dishonesty in clerkship tasks and irresponsibility in class. There was no difference in students' attitudes toward unprofessional behaviors by gender. The graduate medical school students showed a stricter attitude toward some factors of academic misconduct than the medical college students. This difference was significant for irresponsibility in class, disrespectful behavior in patient care, and free riding on group assignments. CONCLUSION: This study indicates a critical vulnerability in medical students' professionalism toward academic integrity and responsibility. Further study evidence is needed to confirm whether this professionalism lapse is confined only to this population or is pervasive in other medical schools as well.
Subject(s)
Humans , Ethics , Learning , Patient Care , Professional Misconduct , Professionalism , Schools, Medical , Scientific Misconduct , Students, MedicalABSTRACT
PURPOSE: Medical professionalism is a fundamental competency for all physicians and continuous development of professionalism during residency training is crucial. The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument assessing residents' attitudes toward unprofessional behaviors. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted in cooperation with the Korea Resident Association from May to July 2013. A total of 317 residents from seven university-affiliated hospitals in South Korea participated in the survey. RESULTS: In the exploratory factor analysis, seven factors were extracted from the data; factor loadings of the 44 items ranged between 0.40 and 0.89. Through iterative discussion, three items below 0.45 were deleted and one additional item was removed due to its irrelevance. Twelve items included in Factor 1 were divided into two different categories. A final version of the questionnaire containing 40 items in eight categories was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis. It was deemed to have a good fit; the root mean square error of approximation and comparative fit index were 0.07 and 0.9, respectively. The reliability (Cronbach's α) of the inventory was 0.97. CONCLUSION: The items of this instrument encompass a broad range of residents' behaviors in clinical practice, research, and publication. In addition, it includes some types of misconduct that can be considered unique features of the authors' cultural backgrounds. We recommend this instrument as an assessment tool to diagnose residents' perceptions and attitudes towards professionalism lapses and to provide insight regarding potential improvement in professionalism education.
Subject(s)
Internship and Residency , Korea , Professional Misconduct , Professionalism , PublicationsABSTRACT
Introducción. El Colegio Médico del Perú (CMP), creado por la Ley N.º 15173 del año 1964, vela por el cumplimiento de las normas éticas de la profesión, específicamente, a través de su Comité de vigilancia ética y deontológica. En casos de infracción al código, el Consejo Nacional o el Consejo Regional respectivo pone fin al procedimiento disciplinario, imponiendo sanción o declarando la absolución del médico investigado, mediante una resolución. Objetivo. Describir la frecuencia y naturaleza de las denuncias éticas contenidas en las resoluciones del Consejo Nacional, en el período 1991-2010. Material y métodos. Se accedió a las resoluciones del Consejo Nacional. Se elaboró una ficha de recolección de datos; y se utilizaron el Excel para la base de datos y el SPSS versión 15 para el análisis de frecuencia. La naturaleza de las faltas éticas se estableció con base en el Código de ética y deontología del CMP (versiones 1970 y 2000). Resultados. En el primer decenio, las 84 resoluciones (24,8%) contenían 157 infracciones al código, las más frecuentes fueron en el título relación médico paciente (35,7%). En el segundo decenio, las 253 resoluciones (75,2%) contenían 388 infracciones, las más frecuentes fueron en el título derechos del paciente (55%). Conclusiones. La frecuencia de las denuncias éticas se triplicó entre los dos decenios. La naturaleza de las trasgresiones al código fueron las mismas en los dos decenios, aunque su frecuencia varía por diferencias entre sus dos versiones (1970 y 2000).
Introduction. The Medical College of Peru, created by law N.º 15173 of 1964, is in charge of watching the professional conduct of physicians through its ethics and deontology committee. In case of the infraction to the code, the National Council or Regional Council finishes the disciplinary process imposing sanction or dismissing the complaint through a resolution. Objectives. To describe the frequency and nature of claims cases against doctors disciplined through the resolutions of the National Council. Material and methods. The National Councils resolutions were acceded. A format for recording case characteristics was developed. Excel for data base and SPSS 15 for statistical analysis were used. The codes of 1970 and 2000 were used in order to describe the nature of infractions. Results. In the first decade of study, the 84 resolutions (24,8%) contained 157 infractions to the code, the most frequent was at title medical patient relationship (35,7%). In the second decade, the 253 resolutions (75,2%) contained 388 infractions, the most frequent was at title patient´s rights (55%). Conclusions. The frequency of ethical demands increased three times between the two decades. The nature of infractions were the same although its frequency varied due to differences between the codes of 1970 and 2000.
Subject(s)
Codes of Ethics , Patient Rights , Professional Misconduct , Ethics, Medical , Ethics, ProfessionalABSTRACT
A pesquisa médico-farmacológica clínica corresponde à aplicação experimental de determinada droga em seres humanos. Seu controle visa proteger os sujeitos de efeitos adversos inaceitáveis e de ineficiência do medicamento testado diante de outras possibilidades mais eficientes. Parcerias entre a indústria farmacêutica e pesquisadores externos estabelecem potenciais conflitos de interesses. Consulta bibliográfica realizada neste estudo indica que pesquisas com financiamento da indústria farmacêutica têm proporção mais alta de resultados favoráveis e que os conflitos de interesses representam vieses, podendo alterar resultados. Há estudos que comparam a eficácia de diferentes drogas e outros que comparam seus custos. Mesmo resultados negativos devem ser publicados. Conclui que o setor privado deve financiar a ciência para beneficiar o ser humano, especialmente no combate à doença; no entanto, deve manter empenho em financiar as pesquisas sem influenciar seus desenhos, resultados e destinações, caminhando em direção ao respeito à dignidade da pessoa.
The clinical medical pharmacological research corresponds to the experimental application of specific drug in human beings. Such application aims to protect them from unacceptable adverse effects and its inefficiencywhen comparing with other possibilities, more efficient. Partnerships between the pharmaceutical industryand external researchers establish potential conflict of interest. Literature use for this work indicates that researches performed under the sponsorship of pharmaceutical industry have a high rate of favorable results,and the conflicts of interest represent gaps which may interfere the result. There are studies that compare theefficiency of different drugs, whereas others compare their costs. All results should be published, even whennegative. The present work concludes that the private sector must sponsor the science in order to improve human beings, especially to avoid diseases. However, it must keep its engagement in sponsoring the research withany influence on its methods, results and application, for a respectful understanding of the dignity of a person.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Biomedical Research , Conflict of Interest , Drug Industry , Ethics, Research , Human Experimentation , Pharmaceutical Preparations , Pharmacology, Clinical , Investments , Professional Misconduct , Scientific MisconductABSTRACT
Introducción y objetivos:Desde la promulgación de la Ley 100, de 1993, los usuarios del nuevo Sistema General de Seguridad Social en Salud aumentaron el conocimiento de sus derechos, por ende exigen mejor calidad y cumplimiento en estos servicios por parte de los profesionales de la medicina. El objetivo es identificar las características de los casos demandados ante el Tribunal Ética Médica Santander (TEMS). Metodología: Estudio descriptivo transversal aleatorizado con una muestra de 120 casos. La información fue captada y revisada por un miembro del TEMS, la cual se transcribió sin elementos de identificación de los implicados. Las variables estudiadas incluyen la descripción del demandante, del demandado y la resolución del proceso. Resultados: Se revisaron 136 casos radicados en el TEMS desde 1994 hasta 2009. El 56.6% de los afectados fueron mujeres, y el 47.1% de las demandas fueron remitidas al TEMS por un ente judicial. El 83.1% de los demandados fueron hombres, con una media de 42.12 años, de ellos el 37.5% no tenía especialidad. El tiempo entre la ocurrencia de los hechos y la radicación en el TEMS fue de 244 días en promedio; entre la radicación y el pronunciamiento fue de 761 días en promedio. El 89.5% fue acusado por infringir los artículos de la relación médico-paciente. En el pronunciamiento el 72.7% de los casos fueron absueltos por falta de méritos y 16.2% recibió condena. Conclusiones: Es relevante que se analice la relación médico-paciente y se fortalezcan las acciones de concientización sobre la integridad profesional. Así mismo, es importante revisar las características del procesamiento de los casos. [Rodríguez A, Cadena LP. Características de los casos juzgados en el Tribunal de Ética Médica de Santander, Colombia, desde la promulgación de la Ley 100 de 1993. MedUNAB 2012; 15(3):137-143].
Objective: In 1993 the Colombian government enacted a law concerning Health management by public and private institutions. We intend, in this study, identify the reasons why the doctors underwent lawsuits directed to the Medical Tribunal, beginning in 1994, the year the new Health Law was enforced. Methodology: A descriptive randomized transversal study of 136 medical lawsuits directed to the Medical Tribunal. All the information was revised by one member this study. None of the persons involved in the malpractice lawsuit was identified. The variables analyzed included the characteristics of the Defendant, the Plaintiff, the subpoena subject and process outcome. Results: Medical Tribunal Files, ranging from 1994 through 2009 were thoroughly revised. 56.6% of the alleged victims were women and 47.1% of the malpractice claims came from different sources others than their own. 83.1% of the doctors that underwent a lawsuit were male, with an average age of 42.1 years. 37.5% were generalist doctors. The average time taken for a medical lawsuit to be registered before the Medical Tribunal was 244 days, and the average time taken for the Medical Tribunal to provide the final pronouncement was about 761 days. The most common cause for a malpractice lawsuit was found to be the breaking of doctor-patient relationship. 72.7 of the doctors that underwent a lawsuit were found to be no-guilty and 16.2% were found to be guilty. Conclusions: It is very important for doctors to build a strong relation and empathy with their patients. Doctors need to be cautious with the medical or surgical procedures they perform on for their patients. Asuitable Medical Consent has to be taken for all surgical and special medical treatments. Finally doctors need to select a proper medical procedure in a prompt manner and using an accurate treatment. [Rodríguez A, Cadena LP. Characteristics about judged medical cases in the Tribunal for Medical Ethics, Santander-Colombia, since the enactment of the Law 100th, 1993. MedUNAB 2012; 15(3):137-143].
Subject(s)
Ethics, Medical , Professional Misconduct , Whistleblowing , Iatrogenic Disease , Jurisprudence , MalpracticeABSTRACT
Realizamos algumas considerações sobre a "má medicina": um grupo de fenômenos individuais e coletivos referentes à comum desarmonia, insatisfação e frustração no encontro médico-paciente vividos pelos doentes. Visamos contribuir para uma melhor compreensão dessa "má medicina", considerando sua complexidade, e para a sua melhoria. Divergimos do senso comum e douto que resume tais desencontros como "má prática" médica. Argumentamos que alguns de seus aspectos típicos, como autoritarismo, arrogância, frieza, controlismo, beligerância, sensação de onipotência e onisciência de muitos médicos estão entrelaçados com forças ou fatores histórico-epistemológicos, sóciopolíticos e subculturais desses profissionais, como a vitória política da Ciência e seu etnocentrismo, o monopólio oficial da cura pela biomedicina, a vigência e expansão nela de um paradigma biomecânico, a cultura autoritária hospitalar, a adoção cega do preconceito científico com a não-ciência, dentre outros fatores, além de processos mais amplos e complexos como a medicalização social.
Some considerations are made about "bad medicine": a set of individual and collective phenomena regarding the usual disharmony, dissatisfaction and disappointment experienced by sick people in the doctor-patient relationship. The purpose is to contribute to a better understanding of such "bad medicine", taking its complexity into account, and also to collaborate with its improvement. We disagree with the common sense that summarizes such failed encounters as "bad medical practice". We argue that some of its typical aspects, such as authoritarianism, arrogance, coldness, excessive control, belligerency, and the feelings of omnipotence and omniscience of so many physicians are intertwined with historical-epistemological, social-political and sub-cultural factors of these professionals; for instance, the political victory of Science and its ethnocentrism, biomedicine's official monopoly of cure, the current expansion of the biomechanical paradigm, the authoritarian culture in the hospital setting, the unquestioned adoption of a scientific prejudice against non-science, among others, besides wider and more complex processes like social medicalization.
Realizamos algunas consideraciones sabre la "mala medicina": un grupo de fenómenos individuales y colectivos referentes a la falta de armonía común, insatisfacción y frustración, en el encuentro médico-paciente vividos por los enfermos. Con la intención de contribuir para una mejor comprensión de esta "mala medicina", consideramos su complejidad para llegar a sua mejoría. Divergimos del sentido común y docto que resume tales desencuentros como "mala práctica" médica. Argumentamos que algunos de sus aspectos típicos como autoritarismo arrogancia, frieza, actitud de control, beligerancia, sensación de omnipotencia y omnisciencia de muchos médicos, están entrelazados con fuerzas factores histórico-epistemológicos, socio-políticos y subculturales de estos profesionales, como la victoria política de la Ciencia y su etnocentrismo, el monopolio oficial de la curación por la biomedicina, la vigencia y expapsión en ella de un paradigma biomecánico, la cultura autoritaria hospitalaria, la adopción ciega del preconcepto científico con la no-ciencia, entre otros factores; además de procesos más amplios y complejos como la medicación social.
Subject(s)
Humans , Anthropology , Medicine , Physician-Patient Relations , Professional Misconduct , SociologyABSTRACT
Forensic medicine teachers taught topic of ‘adultery’ to medical students as one of the sexual offences, medicolegal aspect of marriage, and as professional misconduct, which is part of medical ethics. The question is of safeguarding / protecting socio-ethical value of our society and honour of medical profession. Section 497 IPC came into existence during the British Rule. It is said that it is against Indian cultural values and not much less than a slander. Therefore, in independent India it is totally unfair to allow continuing Section 497 IPC in its present form. This paper deals with definition, meanings and interpretations of the term ‘adultery’ used in different context in medical profession so that clear concept can be understood by every member of medical fraternity. Thus, help in preventing unnecessary problems faced by doctors in day to day practice.