ABSTRACT
A crise psiquiátrica constitui um importante desafio ao cuidado psicossocial, mas tem sido tematizada em poucas pesquisas empíricas nacionais. O presente estudo teve como objetivo compreender o imaginário coletivo de um grupo de profissionais de um CAPS acerca do paciente com transtorno mental em crise psiquiátrica. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, do qual participaram 10 profissionais lotados em um CAPS. A coleta de dados foi realizada individualmente mediante o emprego do Procedimento de Desenho-Estória com Tema. O corpus foi constituído pela transcrição das verbalizações dos participantes e, secundariamente, por seus desenhos. A análise de dados visou à formulação de interpretações voltadas à demarcação de campos de sentido. Em linhas gerais, observou-se que, de acordo com o imaginário coletivo dos participantes, o paciente em crise psiquiátrica é alguém que atravessa um estado de perturbação, bem como perturba sua própria família, a vizinhança e os profissionais de saúde.
The psychiatric crisis is an important challenge to psychosocial care, but it has been thematized in few Brazilian empirical researches. The present study aimed to understand the collective imaginary of professionals from a CAPS unit about patients with mental disorders in psychiatric crisis. This is a qualitative study, in which 10 professionals from a CAPS unit participated. Data collection was performed individually using the Drawing-Story with Theme Procedure. The corpus was constituted by the transcription of the participants' verbalizations and, secondarily, by their drawings. Data analysis looked for the formulation of interpretations to demarcate meaning fields. In general, it was observed that, according to the collective imaginary of the participants, the patient in psychiatric crisis is someone who is in a state of disturbance, as well as disturbing his own family, the neighborhood and health professionals.
La crisis psiquiátrica constituye un desafío importante para el cuidado psicosocial, pero ha sido tematizada en pocas investigaciones empíricas brasileñas. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo comprender el imaginario colectivo de un grupo de profesionales de un CAPS sobre pacientes con trastornos mentales en crisis psiquiátrica. Este es un estudio cualitativo, del que participaron 10 profesionales de un CAPS. La recolección de datos se realizó individualmente utilizando el Procedimiento de Dibujo-Cuento con Tema. El corpus fue constituido por la transcripción de las verbalizaciones de los participantes y, secundariamente, por sus dibujos. El análisis de datos buscó la formulación de interpretaciones destinadas a demarcar campos de significado. En general, se observó que, de acuerdo con el imaginario colectivo de los participantes, el paciente en crisis psiquiátrica es alguien que atraviesa un estado de perturbación, además de molestar a su propia familia, al vecindario y a los profesionales de la salud.
ABSTRACT
Abstract This qualitative study identified the structural characteristics of the significant social networks constituted in the context of the sheltering of women in situations of violence. Ten professionals were interviewed from a shelter located in the South of Brazil. The organization and analysis of the data was based on the Grounded Theory and software Atlas.ti 7.0. During the women's stay, the professionals noted networks that: (a) wanted to offer help but were unable to ensure safety, (b) made it difficult to leave the shelter for religious or cultural reasons, (c) could help with these women's social reintegration. The professionals considered the significant social networks as key elements for the rescue of bonds broken by the situation of violence.
Resumen Este estudio cualitativo identificó las características estructurales de las redes sociales significativas en torno al proceso de acogida de mujeres en situación de violencia. Se entrevistó 10 profesionales de una casa de acogida de la región Sur de Brasil. La organización y análisis de los datos tuvieran como referencia la teoría fundamentada (grounded theory) y el software Atlas ti.7.0. Las profesionales observaron que las redes: (a) querían ofrecer ayuda, pero no podían proporcionar seguridad, (b) dificultaron la salida de la casa-abrigo por cuestiones religiosas o culturales, (c) podrían ayudar en la reinserción social de las mujeres. Para estos profesionales, las redes sociales significativas son elementos claves para el rescate de los lazos rotos por la situación de violencia.
Resumo Este estudo qualitativo identificou as características estruturais das redes sociais significativas, configuradas em torno do processo de abrigamento de mulheres em situação de violência. Foram entrevistadas 10 profissionais de uma casa-abrigo localizada na Região Sul do Brasil. A organização e análise dos dados baseou-se na Teoria Fundamentada (Grounded Theory) e software Atlas.ti 7.0. Durante a permanência no local, as profissionais visualizaram redes que: (a) queriam oferecer ajuda, mas não podiam proporcionar segurança, (b) dificultaram a saída da casa-abrigo por questões religiosas ou culturais, (c) poderiam auxiliar na reinserção social das mulheres. As profissionais visualizaram as redes sociais significativas como elemento-chave para o resgate dos vínculos, rompidos pela situação de violência.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the professional theory, prevention and control practice, experimental diagnosis and other technical skills of parasitic diseases among technicians of all levels of disease control and prevention institutions, so as to provide the evidence for strengthening the capacity building of Chinese professional personnel. Methods According to the method of recommendation at all levels, the subjects from disease control and prevention institutions at province, prefecture or county levels were chosen to assess the theory of parasitic diseases and test operation skills by using the method of answering the questions together with on-site operations in China. A database was built consisting of subjects’ basic information and assessment scores. By using the method of hierarchical classification, the scores by gender, age, professional title, institutions and places of participants were analyzed. Results A total of 124 professions in prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in 31 provinces (cities and regions) were evaluated in China. The average total score of all the subjects was 125.0 ± 35.2, with a passing rate of 54.8%. The average scores of male subjects and female subjects were 120.8 ± 34.2 and 126.6 ± 35.4 respectively; the average scores of the subjects aged under 30 years, between 30 and 40 years, and above 40 years were 125.6 ± 33.6, 124.9 ± 35.8, and 119.3 ± 45.9 respectively; the average scores of persons with junior, intermediate and senior professional titles were 119.8 ± 35.8, 136.0 ± 32.5 and 127.1 ± 40.9 respectively. The average theoretical assessment score of all the subjects was 67.4 ± 15.6, with a passing rate of 68.5%. The average practical skill assessment score of all the subjects was 57.6 ± 21.8, with a passing rate of 46.0%. The average detection rates of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae in endemic and non-endemic areas were 64.1%, 72.8%, 57.0%, 58.3% and 35.9%, 46.9%, 33.3%, 43.8%, respectively. The detection ability of professionals in endemic areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic areas (χ2 = 767.10, 462.12, 134.97 and 360.80, respectively, all P < 0.01). The total detection rate of schistosome eggs was 48.7%, and the detection rates of schistosome eggs were 67.4% and 36.8% in endemic and non-endemic areas, respectively. The detection ability of professionals in endemic areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic areas (χ2 = 817.74, P < 0.01). The detection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Enterobius vermicularis were 85.7%, 78.6%, 91.7%, and 61.8%, 23.5% and 74.4% in the technicians in southern region and northern region of China, showing significant differences (χ2 = 622.58, 301.70 and 588.71, respectively, all P < 0.01). Conclusions The overall results of the subjects are good, but the technical operation capability of them is relatively low. Therefore, the specific training based on daily work needs should be enhanced. In addition, we should attach importance to talent cultivation and technical reserve, and strengthen the construction of the team, so as to meet the needs of the prevention and control of parasitic diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective To understand the professional theory, prevention and control practice, experimental diagnosis and other technical skills of parasitic diseases among technicians of all levels of disease control and prevention institutions, so as to provide the evidence for strengthening the capacity building of Chinese professional personnel. Methods According to the method of recommendation at all levels, the subjects from disease control and prevention institutions at province, prefecture or county levels were chosen to assess the theory of parasitic diseases and test operation skills by using the method of answering the questions together with on-site operations in China. A database was built consisting of subjects’ basic information and assessment scores. By using the method of hierarchical classification, the scores by gender, age, professional title, institutions and places of participants were analyzed. Results A total of 124 professions in prevention and treatment of parasitic diseases in 31 provinces (cities and regions) were evaluated in China. The average total score of all the subjects was 125.0 ± 35.2, with a passing rate of 54.8%. The average scores of male subjects and female subjects were 120.8 ± 34.2 and 126.6 ± 35.4 respectively; the average scores of the subjects aged under 30 years, between 30 and 40 years, and above 40 years were 125.6 ± 33.6, 124.9 ± 35.8, and 119.3 ± 45.9 respectively; the average scores of persons with junior, intermediate and senior professional titles were 119.8 ± 35.8, 136.0 ± 32.5 and 127.1 ± 40.9 respectively. The average theoretical assessment score of all the subjects was 67.4 ± 15.6, with a passing rate of 68.5%. The average practical skill assessment score of all the subjects was 57.6 ± 21.8, with a passing rate of 46.0%. The average detection rates of Plasmodium falciparum, P. vivax, P. ovale and P. malariae in endemic and non-endemic areas were 64.1%, 72.8%, 57.0%, 58.3% and 35.9%, 46.9%, 33.3%, 43.8%, respectively. The detection ability of professionals in endemic areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic areas (χ2 = 767.10, 462.12, 134.97 and 360.80, respectively, all P < 0.01). The total detection rate of schistosome eggs was 48.7%, and the detection rates of schistosome eggs were 67.4% and 36.8% in endemic and non-endemic areas, respectively. The detection ability of professionals in endemic areas was significantly higher than that in non-endemic areas (χ2 = 817.74, P < 0.01). The detection rates of Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, and Enterobius vermicularis were 85.7%, 78.6%, 91.7%, and 61.8%, 23.5% and 74.4% in the technicians in southern region and northern region of China, showing significant differences (χ2 = 622.58, 301.70 and 588.71, respectively, all P < 0.01). Conclusions The overall results of the subjects are good, but the technical operation capability of them is relatively low. Therefore, the specific training based on daily work needs should be enhanced. In addition, we should attach importance to talent cultivation and technical reserve, and strengthen the construction of the team, so as to meet the needs of the prevention and control of parasitic diseases.
ABSTRACT
O objetivo foi mapear a literatura nacional e internacional sobre a devolução de crianças adotadas. Para tanto, foi realizado um levantamento de artigos em cinco bases de dados: Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs e Scielo. Buscouse itens publicados em qualquer período de tempo, com os seguintes descritores: 1) "adoption disruption" AND children; 2) "adoption dissolution" AND children; 3) adoção AND devolução AND crianças. Os estudos analisados enfatizam especialmente a busca de fatores preditivos para a ocorrência da ruptura no processo de adoção. Pouco se aborda sobre as vivências subjetivas de crianças, adotantes e profissionais. A partir das lacunas encontradas, entende-se ser importante a realização de novos estudos empíricos sobre a temática.
The aim of this study was to map the national and international literature about return of adoptive children. A survey of articles was conducted in five databases: Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Medline/Pubmed, Lilacs and Scielo. Items published at any time were considered, with the following descriptors: 1) "adoption disruption" AND children; 2) "adoption dissolution" AND children; 3) adoção AND devolução AND crianças (in Portuguese). The analyzed studies emphasize the search for predictive factors for the occurrence of rupture in the adoption process. Few results address the subjective experiences of children, adopters and professionals. Gaps presented by the analyzed articles show the importance of conducting further studies on the subject.
El objetivo fue trazar un mapa de la literatura nacional e internacional sobre la devolución de niños adoptados. Para esto, se realizó una encuesta de artículos en cinco bases de datos: Web of Science, Academic Search Premier, Medline/Pubmed, Scielo y Lilacs. Se buscó artículos publicados en cualquier momento, con los siguientes descriptores: 1) "adoption disruption" AND children; 2) "adoption dissolution" AND children; 3) adoção AND devolução AND crianças. Los estudios analizados presentaran hincapié a la búsqueda de factores predictivos de la ruptura en el proceso de adopción. Pocos resultados se direccionan a las experiencias subjetivas de los niños, los adoptadores y los profesionales. A partir de los vacíos encontrados, se entiende que es importante llevar a cabo más estudios sobre el tema.
Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Adoption , Dissolution , Family , Foster Home CareABSTRACT
At present stage,the needs of practice personnel of medical law include‘professional personnel’ (master's degree)and ‘general personnel’(bachelor's degree),but the existing training system did not make any distinction between the two and triggered the following situations:practical teaching mode convergence,content inanition,lack of resources,etc. From the real needs of the com-munity,practice teaching in master stage should focus on vocational practical trainingcourse including mock trial,common medical law disputes,professional documents writing. Practice teaching in un-dergraduate stageshould focus on the primary practical trainingcourse including court records and medical dispute mediation.
ABSTRACT
Cultural diversity and its impact on patient care contribute to persistent health care disparities. In attempts to enhance nursing student cultural awareness and sensitivity, nurse educators seek international opportunities, often times in low resource countries, as ways to expand upon culturally diverse experiences. A model that addresses relationship-building among faculty from different countries and cultures contributes to enhanced professional relationships, minimizes collaboration barriers, and maximizes shared teaching opportunities during international experiences. It is critical in relationship-building among nurse educators to develop implementation strategies that facilitate comprehensive and effective student encounters. [Cadena, S. Model development for international nurse educator partnerships: relationship-building process and strategies. MedUNAB 2012; 15:82-88]
La diversidad cultural y su impacto en la atención al paciente contribuyen a las disparidades de salud persistentes. En un intento por aumentar la conciencia del estudiante de enfermería y sensibilidad cultural, los educadores de enfermería buscar oportunidades internacionales, muchas veces en países de bajos recursos, como forma de ampliar las experiencias de diversas culturas. Un modelo que se ocupa de la construcción de relaciones entre el profesorado de diferentes países y culturas contribuye a la mejora de las relaciones profesionales, las barreras de colaboración minimiza y maximiza las oportunidades de enseñanza comunes en experiencias internacionales. Es de suma importancia en la construcción de relaciones entre los educadores de enfermería para desarrollar estrategias de aplicación que facilitan los encuentros estudiantiles integrales y eficaces. [Cadena, S. Modelo de desarrollo internacionales de asistencia para la enfermera educadora: proceso de construcción de relaciones y estrategias. MedUNAB 2012; 15:82-88].
Subject(s)
Education, Nursing , Education, Nursing, Continuing , Education, Nursing, Diploma Programs , Faculty, Nursing , International Educational ExchangeABSTRACT
A aproximação de práticas dos diferentes campos de atuação profissional tem, historicamente, se efetivado ao longo dos anos bem como tem sido crescente o debate em torno da interdisciplinaridade. Sua discussão a partir de relatos de experiência profissional torna-se, portanto, oportuna. Este artigo visa a contribuir para essa discussão, na medida em que apresenta e discute o atendimento interdisciplinar que envolve as áreas de atuação profissional psicológica e jurídica. Neste artigo, apresentamos e discutimos o relato de uma experiência interdisciplinar de estágio que inclui alunos e supervisores dos cursos de Psicologia, Direito e Serviço Social. Destacamos a atuação oportuna do estagiário da Psicologia, a partir da escuta psicanalítica, em um momento específico do atendimento interdisciplinar, o da orientação jurídica e psicossocial. A escuta psicanalítica figura como forma de atendimento que visa a criar condições propícias ao posicionamento do sujeito diante de questões que frequentemente o levam a buscar orientação jurídica e psicossocial. Apresentamos um caso em que a busca inicial pela orientação com respeito ao registro civil da criança de uma usuária dos serviços da universidade resultou em um atendimento psicológico com implicações particulares em sua subjetividade....(AU)
The approaching of practices of different professional fields has become historically effective throughout the years, as well as there has been a growing debate towards interdisciplinarity. Therefore, the discussion of this subject from professional experience is opportune. This article aims at contributing for this discussion, whereas it presents and discuss the interdisciplinary attention involving the areas of juridical and psychological professional acting. In this article, we present and discuss the report of an internship interdisciplinary experience, that included students and supervisors of Psychology, Law and Social Work. We emphasize the opportune acting of the Psychology intern, through psychoanalytic listening, in a specific moment of the interdisciplinary attention, the moment of the juridical and psychosocial orientation. The psychoanalytic listening stands as a form of attendance that aims at creating suitable conditions to the placement of the subject towards the questions that frequently lead him/her to look for juridical and psychosocial orientation. We present a case in which the primary search for the orientation towards the civil registration of a child of a user of the university services resulted in psychological attention with particular implications for his/her subjectivity....(AU)
La aproximación de prácticas de los diferentes campos de actuación profesional, históricamente, se ha hecho efectiva a lo largo de los años así como ha sido creciente el debate en torno de la interdisciplinaridad. Su discusión a partir de relatos de experiencia profesional se torna, por tanto, oportuna. Este artículo visa a contribuir para esa discusión, en la medida en que presenta y discute el atendimiento interdisciplinario que involucra las áreas de actuación profesional psicológica y jurídica. En este artículo, presentamos y discutimos el relato de una experiencia interdisciplinaria de etapa que incluye a alumnos y supervisores de los cursos de Psicología, Derecho y Servicio Social. Destacamos la actuación oportuna del becario de la Psicología, a partir de la escucha psicoanalítica, en un momento específico del atendimiento interdisciplinario, el de la orientación jurídica y psicosocial. La escucha psicoanalítica figura como forma de atendimiento que visa a crear condiciones propicias al posicionamiento del sujeto frente a cuestiones que frecuentemente lo llevan a buscar orientación jurídica y psicosocial. Presentamos un caso en que la búsqueda inicial por la orientación con respecto al registro civil de los hijos de una usuaria de los servicios de la universidad resultó en un atendimiento psicológico con implicaciones particulares en su subjetividad....(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child Custody , Mental Health Services , Psychoanalysis , Training Support , Acting Out , Psychology , SocietiesABSTRACT
The paper illustrates the role of humanistic multi-element administrate model in the clinical laboratory operation on various aspects such as the construction of the institution,the education of professional personnel and the enhancing of the personnel's enthusiasm.