Manual para la ayuda psicológica a las mujeres víctimas de violencia de género mediante la línea CONVIDA 2020 / Manual for psychological help for women victims of gender violence through the CONVIDA 2020 line

Introducción: Para dar respuesta al reclamo de la máxima dirección del país y del MINSAP y brindar apoyo psicológico ante la situación emergente de la COVID-19, se activó la línea 103. Esta apertura permitió ayudar también a mujeres sobrevivientes de la violencia de género. Es una oportunidad disponer de recursos humanos especializados y capacitados para prestar este servicio. Objetivo: Proporcionar un manual que permita a los operarios de la línea CONVIDA 2020 brindar ayuda psicológica a las mujeres sobrevivientes de la violencia de género que solicitan el servicio. Métodos: La lógica procesal para la confección de este manual contó de tres pasos, el primero para sistematizar los elementos teóricos y metodológicos, la estructura, las etapas y sus componentes. El segundo para el establecimiento de los lineamientos y el desarrollo de los procedimientos, y el tercer paso y final, para el análisis de las dimensiones de la calidad. Los principales métodos teóricos utilizados fueron: revisión documental, educación comparada, el sistémico-estructural y funcional, el análisis-estructural y a nivel empírico la técnica de la observación de campo y la ponderación. Resultados: Se obtuvo un instrumento que permite ordenar operativamente el desempeño del día a día de los operadores de la línea CONVIDA 2020. Se establecieron los lineamientos y las instrucciones para los procedimientos en: pasos para realizar la atención telefónica, fases de la ayuda psicológica, señales de alerta, los primeros auxilios psicológicos y la ruta crítica de la línea. Conclusiones: El rigor metodológico y científico de este manual se evidencia en la concatenación y sistematización de sus contenidos, que permiten ofrecer ayuda psicológica a las mujeres sobrevivientes de la violencia de género que solicitan el servicio, de forma oportuna, continua, asequible, eficiente, útil y con alto nivel de satisfacción por parte de los usuarios internos y externos(AU)

ABSTRACT Introduction: In order to respond to the demand of the country's top management and the Ministry of Public Health, as well as to provide psychological support in the face of the emerging COVID-19 situation, the phone line 103 was activated. This creation also made it possible to help women survivors of gender violence. It is an opportunity to have specialized and trained human resources for providing this service. Objective: To provide a manual that allows the operators of CONVIDA 2020 phone line to provide psychological help to women survivors of gender violence who request the service. Methods: The procedural logic for the preparation of this manual had three steps: 1) to systematize the theoretical and methodological elements, the structure, the stages and their components; 2) To establish guidelines and the development of the procedures; and 3) to analyze the quality dimensions. The main theoretical methods used were document review, comparative education, the systemic-structural and functional, structural-analysis and, at the empirical level, the technique of field observation and weighting. Results: An instrument was obtained that allows operational ordering of day-to-day performance of the phone operators of the CONVIDA 2020 line. The guidelines and instructions for the procedures were established: steps to carry out telephone assistance, phases of psychological help, warning signs, psychological first aid and the critical pathway of the line. Conclusions: The methodological and scientific accuracy of this manual is evidenced in the concatenation and systematization of its contents, which allow offering psychological help to women survivors of gender violence who request the service, in a timely, continuous, affordable and efficient manner, as it is useful and includes a high level of satisfaction from internal and external users(AU)

Médicos combatientes / Combating doctors

Se hace un pequeño recuento de la labor realizada por un grupo de médicos que a lo largo de la historia de las luchas independentistas cubanas, tanto en la colonia como más tarde en el enfrentamiento contra las dictaduras de Gerardo Machado y Fulgencio Batista hicieron importantes contribuciones al ejercicio de la profesión y también como combatientes revolucionarios. Se profundiza en la vida y la obra poco conocida del médico y botánico cubano del siglo XIX Sebastián Alfredo de Morales González quien fuera acusado de conspirador por sus ideales de libertad e independencia para la isla de cuba. El objetivo del trabajo es presentar una síntesis biográfica de algunos de estos médicos para agruparlas en un documento que sea de fácil acceso a estudiantes y profesores. Se concluye planteando la labor humana, revolucionaria y profesional de estas figuras que son paradigmas de la medicina cubana del siglo XIX y XX.

A small recount is made about a group of doctors who have made important contributions not only as professionals but as revolutionary fighters along the history of our country in the war of independence against the Spanish colony and later on against Gerardo Machado and Fulgencio Batista s dictatorships. We also made a careful study of the life and work of the Cuban Botanic and Doctor of the XIX century Dr. Sebastian Alfredo de Morales Gonzalez who was accused of conspiracy because of his ideas of freedom and independence for his island. The main objective of the work is to present a biographic synthesis of some of these doctors to group them together into a single document for easy access to students and professors. The work is concluded setting up the human, revolutionary and professional work of these figures who are a paradigm of the Cuban Medicine in the XIX and XX centuries.

A enfermeira desvelando o significado do atendimento às vítimas de violência sexual expresso pelos profissionais de saúde / The nurse revealing the meaning of attending the victims of sexual violence expressed by the health professionals

A violência sexual é um fenômeno complexo cujo atendimento deve ser realizado por uma equipe multidisciplinar. Esse fenômeno afeta não só as vítimas, mas os profissionais de saúde que prestam o atendimento. Trata-se de pesquisa qualitativa de abordagem fenomenológica que teve como objetivo desvelar o significado da vivência no cuidar de vítimas de violência sexual. Foi realizada no período de dezembro de 2006 a março de 2007 com 12 profissionais de saúde dos centros de referência da cidade de Curitiba para atendimento às vítimas de violência sexual. A coleta dos discursos se deu mediante entrevista semi-estruturada gravada e sua análise seguiu os momentos da trajetória fenomenológica: descrição, redução e compreensão. Desta emergiu os temas: Marcas visíveis e invisíveis deixadas pelas vítimas de violência sexual nos corpos dos profissionais de saúde e Sentir-se impotente: um sentimento expresso por corporeidades cuidadoras de vítimas de violência sexual. As vítimas de violência sexual trazem em seu corpo as marcas visíveis e invisíveis de uma história vivenciada que causa dor, medo, angústia, depressão, sofrimento e, ao ser compartilhada com o profissional de saúde, afeta-o, gerando o sentimento de impotência por não conseguirem resolver o problema como desejam, uma vez que não tiveram, na formação acadêmica, embasamento teórico sobre a violência sexual nem vivências que propiciassem a reflexão. Assim, esta pesquisa aponta para a necessidade de se introduzir o tema em tela nos cursos de graduação e pós-graduação das áreas da saúde e humanas a fim de capacitar os profissionais para o cuidado com vítimas de violência sexual, promover a implantação de capacitação permanente nas instituições de saúde, além da criação de grupos dirigidos por um profissional especializado para que os profissionais da saúde, que cuidam dessas vitimas, possam trabalhar não apenas o sentimento de impotência, mas as experiências e sofrimentos compartilhados que vão acumulando e podem afetá-los na sua multidimensionalidade.

The sexual violence is a complex phenomenon which the attendance should be given by an multidisciplinary team. This phenomenon affects not only the victims, but the health professionals who take care of these victims. This work is about qualitative research of phenomenological approach that had as objective to show the meaning of the experience in taking care of victims of sexual violence. The present research was done from December 2006 to March 2007 with 12 professionals of health from the reference centers of sexual violence victims' attendance in Curitiba. The collection of the speeches was made through a half-structuralized recorded interview and its analysis followed the moments of the phenomenological trajectory: description, reduction and understanding. From it, two points emerged: Visible and invisible marks left by the victims of sexual violence in the bodies of health professionals and Feeling impotent: a feeling expressed by the corporeity's caring of sexual violence victims. It was evidenced that the victims of sexual violence bring in their bodies the visible and invisible marks of a deeply lived history that causes pain, fear, anguish, depression, suffering and when it is shared with the health professionals affects them, causing a feeling of impotence because the professionals cannot solve the problem as they desire, once they had had in the academic education neither theoretical basement on the sexual violence nor experiences that bring them to reflection. Thus, this research points out the necessity of introducing the subject in the graduation and after-graduation courses from health and human areas in order to enable the students to care victims of sexual violence, the implantation of permanent qualification in health institutions, beyond the creation of groups coordinated by a specialized professional so the professionals of health, who take care of these victims, can work, not only with the impotence feeling, but also the shared experiences and sufferings that are accumulated and can affect them in its multidimensional aspect.