ABSTRACT
Na leucemia linfoide aguda (LLA), a proliferação, acúmulo e infiltração de células imaturas caracterizam uma entidade heterogênea, apresentando ampla diversidade de aspectos clínicos e biológicos. Na LLA do adulto, a concentração de fatores prognósticos de alto risco, como o imunofenótipo B, alterações cromossômicas e, principalmente, a presença do cromossomo Ph positivo. Considerações a respeito da alta morbidade e mortalidade relacionadas ao transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas (TCTH) têm gerado controvérsias quanto à indicação desta modalidade terapêutica, nos pacientes adultos com LLA em primeira remissão (1ª RC). Os resultados da terapia convencional com quimioterapia, diante dos diferentes grupos de risco em pacientes com LLA, têm sido utilizados para a indicação de TCTH. Apresentamos o algoritmo de indicações do transplante de células-tronco hematopoéticas em pacientes adultos com LLA.
In acute lymphoblastic leukemia, accumulation and proliferation of immature cells infiltration characterise a heterogeneous entity, featuring a wide variety of clinical and biological aspects. In the adult LLA concentration of high-risk prognosis factors such as age, B-cell, chromosomic changes, and chiefly the presence of chromosome positive Ph. Considerations of high morbidity and mortality rates related to haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (TCTH) have generated controversy about this therapeutic modality in adult patients with LLA in first remission (1st RC). The results of conventional therapy with chemotherapy in contrast with different risk groups of patients with LLA, has been used for the indication of TCTH. Thus we present the algorithm indications of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adult patients with LLA.
Subject(s)
Humans , Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation , Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaABSTRACT
La recurrencia del ictus es causa directa de morbimortalidad, discapacidad, minusvalía e institucionalización prolongada entre los sobrevivientes a un primer evento ictal. Estimar que factores de riesgo presentan mayor valor para los eventos recurrentes, permite establecer medidas de prevención secundaria y terciaria, más individualizadas y eficientes. Se realizó un estudio poblacional analítico y prospectivo en pacientes sobrevivientes a un primer evento ictal isquémico pertenecientes al área de salud del policlínico Cristóbal Labra en el período comprendido entre enero del 2004 y enero del 2006. Se logró un seguimiento efectivo en 289 pacientes por 24 meses. Predominó el sexo masculino con 161 casos. El grupo etáreo más afectado fue el de 65 a 79 años. Se registró un total de 39 casos de ictus recurrentes para una incidencia acumulada de 0.13. Los factores de riesgo que mostraron mayor valor para el ictus recurrente fueron el hábito de fumar (OR: 1.03,IC 95% 0.60-1.78,p :0.05) hipertensión arterial (OR: 2.94, IC95%1.00-8.67, p:0,00), cardiopatía isquémica (OR:1.95,IC95%:0.76-3.02,p:0.03), la hiperlipoproteinemia (OR:2.28, IC95%-1.46-3.55,p:0.00), ATI previo, Diabetes Mellitus y la enfermedad arterial peri-férica. Las formas clínicas más relacionadas con el daño de grandes y medianas arterias prevalecieron en 66% de los ictus recurrentes; igualmente se evidenció la aterotrombosis como el mecanismo etiopatogénico más prevalerte de los ictus recurrentes. Se registró mayor porciento de recurrencias en las etapas tempranas del seguimiento y tendencia a la recurrencia en aquellos pacientes clasificados como ligeros y moderados en el índice de Katz.
Stroke recurrence is a direct cause of morbility, mortality and discapacity and lingering institucionalitatión among the survivors to a first event stroke. To estimate that factors of risk present bigger value for the recurrent events allows to establish secondary and tertiary, more individualized and efficient measures of prevention. we was carried out a populational analytic and prospective study in surviving patients to a first event ischemic stroke belonging to the area of health of the policlínico "Cristóbal it Works" in the period understood between January of the 2004 and January of the 2006. An effective pursuit was achieved in 289 patients for 24 months. The masculine sex prevailed with 161 cases. The group more affected went the one from 65 to 79 years. They registered a total of 39 cases of recurrent ictus for an accumulated incidence of 0.13. The factors of risk that showed bigger value for the recurrent ictus were the habit of smoking (OR: 1.03, IC 95% 0.60-1.78, p: 0.05) the arterial hypertension (OR: 2.94, IC95%1 .00-8.67, p:0 ,00), the ischemic (OR:1 .95, IC95%:0 .76-3.02, p:0 .03) cardiopatía the hiperlipoproteinemia (OR:2 .28, IC95%1 .46-3.55, p:0 .00), previous ATI, Diabetes Mellitus and the arterial outlying illness. The clinical forms more related with the damage of big and medium arteries they prevailed in 66% of the recurrent ictus, equally it was evidenced the aterotrombosis like the mechanism etiopatogénico more prevalerte of the recurrent ictus. the registered bigger recurrences percent in the early stages of the pursuit and tendency to the recurrencia in those patients classified as slight and moderated in the index of Katz.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Recently, with rising rates of repeat cesarean sections, enormous amount of the studies about trial of labor after cesarean section have been reported to decrease the rate of cesarean section. The purpose of this study is to provide data regarding the safety and the successful prognostic factors of VBAC (vaginal birth after cesarean section). METHODS: This retrospective study was performed based on 194 pregnant women who tried vaginal delivery after cesarean section at Eulji University Hospital from March 1997 to February 2002. The age of mother, gestational age, estimated fetal body weight by ultrasonography, neonatal body weight, cervical effacement, cervical dilatation, Bishop score, the number of previous vaginal delivery, and spontaneous labor were analyzed between successful group (177 patients) and failure group (17 patients) with trial of labor. Student T-test and Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 177 cases (91.24%) in 194 cases succeeded in VBAC and 17 cases (8.76%) failed. There was no maternal death or uterine rupture in the cases of trial of labor. The gestational age, estimated fetal body weight by ultrasonography, neonatal body weight, cervical effacement, cervical dilatation, Bishop score, the number of previous vaginal delivery, spontaneous labor had notable differences between the successful group and the failure group. But, There was no significant difference in maternal age. CONCLUSION: The trial of labor after cesarean section is relatively safe method of delivery if it is performed under strict indication. Above findings can be used as possible prognostic factors for the success of VBAC and may reduce the risk and complication of VBAC. The following studies with large populations and performed by multi-centers will be needed for the evaluation of safety and successful prognostic factors of VBAC.