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1.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 53(3): 374-377, Apr. 2009. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-517683

ABSTRACT

O propiltiouracil (PTU), droga empregada no tratamento do hipertireoidismo, pode provocar reações adversas em 3 por cento a 12 por cento dos pacientes, desde reações leves e frequentes, até quadros incomuns, graves e fatais. Relata-se o caso de um paciente de 14 anos de idade, em uso de PTU há três anos, que apresentou febre, bolhas hemorrágicas e úlceras necróticas, evoluindo com lesões purpúricas e nódulos violáceos em membros inferiores. A avaliação laboratorial e histológica mostrou-se compatível com vasculite cutânea leucocitoclástica, padrão encontrado nas vasculites por reação de hipersensibilidade. Após a retirada da droga antitireoidiana e a introdução de prednisona, houve regressão progressiva das lesões cutâneas. A importância deste estudo é alertar sobre a ocorrência desta grave manifestação cutâneo-sistêmica (vasculite), por droga de uso frequente em medicina interna, cuja taxa de mortalidade é de 10 por cento. É obrigatório o diagnóstico precoce, visando à retirada da droga suspeita, e, se necessário, ao uso de corticosteroides e/ou imunossupressores.


Propylthiouracil (PTU), a thyonamide class drug commonly used to treat hyperthyroidism has been reported to cause adverse reactions in 3 percent to 12 percent of patients. The side effects have been described more frequently as mild, but ocasionally severe fatal reactions may occur. We report the case of a fourteen years old patient in use of PTU for the last three years who presented with fever, hemorrhagic blisters, necrotic ulcers, and that developed purpuric lesions and nodules in lower extremities. Laboratory and histopathologic findings were compatible with skin leukocytoclastic vasculitis, a pattern found in hypersensitivity reaction vasculitis. Suspension of PTU and introduction of prednisone, induced complete remission of symptoms and healing of the skin lesions. The importance of this study is to call attention to the occurrence of serious cutaneous manifestation with a mortality rate that might reach 10 percent, associated with a systemic drug frequently used in internal medicine. Early diagnosis and withdrawal of the suspected medication is mandatory. Administration of corticosteroids and/or immunosuppressives agents must be considered.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Humans , Male , Antithyroid Agents/adverse effects , Propylthiouracil/adverse effects , Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/chemically induced , Necrosis , Prednisone/therapeutic use , Propranolol/therapeutic use , Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous/pathology
2.
Rev. bras. reumatol ; 48(1): 55-58, jan.-fev. 2008. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-482475

ABSTRACT

O uso do propiltiouracil (PTU) está associado ao desenvolvimento de diferentes auto-anticorpos, entre eles anticorpos anticitoplasma de neutrófilos (ANCA), que estão envolvidos na patogênese das vasculites sistêmicas ANCA-associadas (VSAA). Será relatado o caso de um paciente do sexo feminino, de 46 anos, que apresentou vasculite cutânea durante o uso de PTU como terapêutica para doença de Graves. O ANCA com padrão perinuclear (p-ANCA) foi positivo em títulos maior ou igual 1/320, porém anticorpos antimielo-peroxidase (MPO) não foram detectados. A biópsia de pele revelou uma vasculite leucocitoclástica. Houve melhora clínica em dez dias após a retirada do PTU e optou-se pelo iodo radioativo (I131) para o tratamento do hipertireoidismo. O p-ANCA manteve-se positivo em títulos maior ou igual 1/320 em duas medidas, realizadas oito meses e quatro anos após a suspensão do PTU.


The use of propylthiouracil (PTU) is associated with the development of different auto-antibodies, amongst them are antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) that are involved in the pathogenesis of ANCA associated systemic vasculitis. The case of a 46-years old woman who presented cutaneous vasculitis when taking PTU for Graves' disease is reported. Perinuclear ANCA (p-ANCA) was positive with titer > 1/320, but anti-myeloperoxidase antibodies were not detected. Skin biopsy showed leucocytoclastic vasculitis. The patient improved within ten days after withdrawing PTU and the resolution of hyperthyroidism was achieved with radioiodine (131I). The p-ANCA test remained positive > 1/320 eight months and four years after PTU withdrawal.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic , Endocrine System Diseases , Hyperthyroidism , Propylthiouracil , Vasculitis , Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 59(5): 1245-1249, out. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-471208

ABSTRACT

It is described the elaboration of a protocol to induce hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in mice by administrating thyroxin and propylthiouracil, respectively, in the drinking water. The drugs were administered to adult female mice of the Swiss strain for 30 days in order to obtain a systemic status of thyroid dysfunction. The induction of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in the animals was confirmed by the histomorphological analysis of the thyroid in the end of the experiment, when the state of gland dysfunction in the animals submitted to the treatment was observed


Descreve-se a elaboração de um novo protocolo de indução ao hipertireoidismo e hipotireoidismo em camundongos, por meio da administração de tiroxina e propiltiouracil, respectivamente, na água de beber. As drogas foram administradas a camundongos fêmeas adultas Swiss por 30 dias para obtenção das disfunções tireoidianas sistêmicas. A indução de hipertireoidismo e hipotireoidismo nos animais foi confirmada pela análise histomorfológica e histomorfométrica da glândula tireoidiana ao final do experimento, quando observou-se o estado de disfunção glandular nos animais submetidos ao tratamento


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Adult , Mice , Hyperthyroidism/chemically induced , Hyperthyroidism/veterinary , Hypothyroidism/chemically induced , Hypothyroidism/veterinary , Mice , Propylthiouracil/administration & dosage , Thyroxine/administration & dosage
4.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(6): 1088-1095, dez. 2006. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439729

ABSTRACT

Com objetivo de avaliar a influência das drogas antitiroidianas (AT) sobre a eficácia da dose terapêutica de iodo radioativo (DT), avaliamos retrospectivamente 226 prontuários de pacientes portadores de doença de Graves submetidos à DT no período entre 1990 e 2001: 58 pacientes sem antitiroidiano (AT), 119 em uso de propiltiouracil (PTU) e 49 em uso de metimazol (MMI). O estado funcional tiroidiano 9-12 meses pós-DT dividia os pacientes entre curados e não curados. Níveis elevados de T4 livre, captação de 131I em 24 h tiveram influência negativa sobre a taxa de cura, assim como menor dose de iodo administrada e maior volume do bócio (p< 0,05). O percentual de pacientes curados em uso de PTU previamente à DT foi de 70,2 por cento (84/119), enquanto nos pacientes em uso de MMI foi de 85,7 por cento (42/49), e de 84,5 por cento (49/58) nos pacientes sem AT pré-DT (p= 0,034). Em modelo de regressão multivariado, T4 livre > 4 ng/dl, maior volume do bócio, dose terapêutica < 10 mCi e o uso prévio de PTU tiveram relação com menores taxas de cura. Quando comparado ao grupo sem AT, concluímos que PTU implica em maior risco de falência pós-DT (OR= 3,13), o mesmo não ocorrendo com MMI (OR= 1,28).


Aiming at evaluating the effect of antithyroid drugs on the efficacy of radioiodine treatment (RAI) we retrospectively analyzed 226 patients with GravesÆ disease hyperthyroidism submitted to RAI between 1990 and 2001: 58 patients without any antithyroid drug (ATD) prior to RAI, 119 patients using propylthiouracil (PTU) and 49 patients using methimazole (MMI) prior to RAI. Clinical and laboratory parameters 1 year after RAI defined their clinical status (cured or not cured). High serum free T4 and 131-iodine uptake were negatively related with cure as well as lower RAI doses (mCi) and larger goiters (p< 0.05). The percentage of cured patients on PTU prior to RAI was 70.2 percent (84/119), while those on MMI was 85.7 percent (42/49), and 84.5 percent (49/58) of those without ATD prior to RAI (p= 0.034). On logistic regression analysis, free T4 > 4 ng/dl, large goiter, RAI dose < 10 mCi and PTU prior to RAI were related to lower cure rates. Compared to patients with no ATD prior to RAI, we concluded that the previous use of PTU implies in higher failure rates after RAI (OR= 3.13), an effect not observed in patients on MMI (OR= 1.28).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Antithyroid Agents/therapeutic use , Graves Disease/drug therapy , Graves Disease , Iodine Radioisotopes/administration & dosage , Propylthiouracil/therapeutic use , Radiation-Protective Agents/therapeutic use , Combined Modality Therapy , Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation , Hyperthyroidism/drug therapy , Hyperthyroidism/radiotherapy , Logistic Models , Methimazole/therapeutic use , Retrospective Studies , Thyroid Function Tests , Treatment Outcome , Thyroid Hormones/blood
5.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(6): 1117-1121, dez. 2006. ilus
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439733

ABSTRACT

Granuloma anular (GA) é uma dermatose benigna, caracterizada em geral por lesões papulosas em disposição anular. As formas clínicas englobam GA localizado, GA generalizado, GA perfurante e GA profundo. É de etiologia desconhecida, apesar de diversos fatores serem incriminados, inclusive doenças auto-imunes. Apresentamos o caso de paciente masculino de 45 anos, com lesões dermatológicas características de GA localizado, associadas a alterações sistêmicas, cuja investigação diagnóstica demonstrou tratar-se de hipertireoidismo por Doença de Graves. O paciente foi submetido a tratamento endócrino e dermatológico com controle do quadro clínico. A inusitada associação do GA localizado com hipertireoidismo, não encontrada na literatura médica, nos estimulou a publicar este caso.


Granuloma annulare (GA) is a begin dermatosis characterized, in general, for papular lesions with annular configuration. Its clinical forms comprehend localized GA, generalized GA, perforating GA and subcutaneous GA. With unknown etiology many factors have been responsible, including autoimmune diseases. We describe a case of a 45-year-old man, with characteristic dermatological injuries of localized GA, associated to systemic alterations, compatible with hyperthyroidism (GravesÆ disease). The patient was submitted to an endocrine and dermatological treatment with control of the clinical state. The unusual association of localized GA with hyperthyroidism, not found in the medical literature, stimulated us to publish the case.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Granuloma Annulare/complications , Graves Disease/complications , Antithyroid Agents/therapeutic use , Granuloma Annulare/pathology , Graves Disease/drug therapy , Propylthiouracil/therapeutic use
6.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 50(5): 926-929, out. 2006. tab
Article in Portuguese, English | LILACS | ID: lil-439076

ABSTRACT

O objetivo foi verificar a influência da deficiência dos hormônios tireoideanos induzida por propiltiouracil (PTU) na mucosa gengival do rato, analisando bioquimicamente as proteínas totais, colágeno (hidroxiprolina) e população celular (DNA). Foram utilizados 50 ratos machos da cepa Sprague-Dawley, separados em 2 grupos: propiltiouracil (PTU) (10 mg/d i.p.), e controle (C), durante 10 semanas. As proteínas totais foram determinadas pelo método de Lowry, a hidroxiprolina pelo método de Newman e DNA pelo método de Burton. Observou-se diminuição das proteínas totais no grupo PTU (PTU= 41,23 ± 24,05; C= 63,36 ± 18,05); não houve diferença na hidroxiprolina e DNA (PTU= 2,18 ± 1,48; C= 2,29 ± 1,51) e (PTU= 0,33 ± 0,19; C= 0,46 ± 0,31). Conclui-se que o tratamento com PTU diminui o conteúdo de proteínas totais na mucosa gengival do rato, provavelmente pela diminuição da síntese protéica, sem alteração do colágeno e da população celular.


This work aimed at verifying the influence of propilthiouracil (PTU)-induced thyroid hormone deficiency on gingival mucosa of young male rats, measuring total protein concentration, collagen content and DNA concentration as indices of cellular population. Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The animals were grouped in: PTU-treated (i.p. 10 mg/d) and control rats (C). The experience was maintained for a period of 10 weeks. Total protein content of gingival mucosa tissue was determined by the Lowry method; hydroxyprolin rate, as prototype aminoacid of collagen, was determined using the Newman method, and DNA concentration was measured by Burton's methodology. The results showed decreased amounts of PTU-treated rats gingival total protein content (PTU= 41.23 ± 24.05 vs. C= 63.36 ± 18.05); no alterations were seen in hydroxyprolin concentration neither in DNA content of PTU treated rats, respectively (PTU= 2.18 ± 1.48 vs. C= 2.29 ± 1.51) and (PTU= 0.33 ± 0.19 vs. C= 0.46 ± 0.41). Thus, PTU treatment promotes a decrease in total protein content of rat gingival mucosa that may be interpreted as a decrease in protein synthesis induced by the hypothyroid condition, but with no alteration either in collagen or nucleic acid rates.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Antithyroid Agents/pharmacology , Collagen/analysis , Gingiva/chemistry , Hypothyroidism/chemically induced , Propylthiouracil/pharmacology , Proteins/analysis , Antithyroid Agents/metabolism , Colorimetry , Collagen/drug effects , Collagen/metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , DNA , Hydroxyproline/analysis , Propylthiouracil/metabolism , Proteins/drug effects , Proteins/metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Spectrophotometry , Thyroxine/biosynthesis , Thyroxine/blood , Triiodothyronine/biosynthesis , Triiodothyronine/blood
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