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Objetivo: Comparar el tiempo empleado por los instrumen- tos TruNatomy Medium y ProTaper Next X3 para penetrar hasta la longitud de trabajo la masa de obturaciones realizadas con Gut- taCore Primary y sellador en conductos curvos simulados. Materiales y métodos: Se prepararon 20 conductos curvos simulados con instrumentos rotatorios WaveOne Gold Primary y se obturaron con GuttaCore Primary y AH Plus. Las muestras fueron divididas en dos grupos de 10 cada uno. Grupo 1: El material de obturación fue penetrado hasta la lon- gitud de trabajo con instrumentos TruNatomy Medium. Gru- po 2: El material de obturación fue penetrado hasta la longitud de trabajo con instrumentos ProTaper Next X3. Se registraron los tiempos de penetración requeridos para cada grupo y los valores obtenidos fueron analizados mediante la prueba t de Student. Resultados: Los instrumentos ProTaper Next X3 pe- netraron la masa del material de obturación más rápidamente que los instrumentos TruNatomy MediumTM. Las diferencias observadas entre ambos instrumentos fueron estadísticamente significativas (P <0.01). Conclusión: Si bien los instrumentos ProTaper Next X3 y TruNatomy MediumTM penetraron la masa de Gutta- Core Primary de manera eficiente, ProTaper Next X3 penetró hasta la longitud de trabajo más rápidamente (AU)
Aim: Compare the time required by the instruments TruNatomy Medium and ProTaper Next X3 to penetrate up to the working length the mass of fillings made with GuttaCore Primary and sealant in simulated curved canals. Materials and methods: The simulated canals of 20 EndoTraining Blocks were prepared with WaveOne Gold Pri- mary and obturated with GuttaCore Primary and AH Plus. The sample was divided into two groups of 10 each. Group 1: The sealing material was penetrated up to working length with TruNatomy Medium. Group 2: The sealing material was penetrated up to working length with ProTaper Next X3. The penetration time was recorded in each group and the obtained values were statistically analyzed with the Student's t test. Results: ProTaper Next X3 instruments penetrated the sealing material mass faster than TruNatomy Medium. Statis- tically significant differences were observed between the two instruments (P <0.01). Conclusion: While the ProTaper Next X3 and TruNat- omy Medium penetrated the GuttaCore mass to the working length efficiently, the ProTaper Next X3 did it in less time (AU)
Subject(s)
Root Canal Filling Materials , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Retreatment , Gutta-Percha , Time Factors , Dental High-Speed Equipment , Dental Instruments , Dental Pulp Cavity/anatomy & histologyABSTRACT
Context: The presence of smear layer and debris can prevent the irrigant and sealer from penetrating the dentinal tubules thereby compromising the seal of the root canal filling. Aim: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of XP-endo Finisher with ProTaper Next and HyFlex in smear layer and debris removal. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two extracted mandibular premolar teeth were selected and sectioned at the cementoenamel junction. The roots were then randomly divided into 4 groups. In group 1 and 2, canals were instrumented with X2 ProTaper Next (25 0.06 taper). In group 3 and 4, canals were instrumented with HyFlex system (25 0.06 taper). The canals in group 2 and 4 were further finished with XP-endo Finisher. Irrigation was carried out using 3% sodium hypochlorite during instrumentation, and 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid was used as the final rinse. The roots were then split longitudinally. The canal wall was observed under the scanning electron microscope in coronal, middle, and apical thirds at a magnification of ×400 and ×1000 for evaluation of debris and smear layer, respectively. Photomicrographs were taken, and qualitative assessment for debris and smear layer removal was done. Statistical Analysis Used: The results were analyzed using Kruskal–Wallis test and Mann–Whitney U-test. Results: Lower debris and smear layer scores were seen in canal thirds instrumented with ProTaper Next and XP-endo Finisher (P < 0.01). Conclusion: The use of XP-endo Finisher as an adjuvant during shaping and cleaning produced cleaner root canal walls.
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Introduction: Pulpectomy of primary teeth with severe pulpal involvement is one of the most important concerns in Pediatric Dentistry.Root canal instrumentation is performed with files, reamers, sonic instruments and recently with rotary instruments. Although manual instrumentation is widely used in primary teeth, but they have limitations.The development of nickel titanium alloys and the possibility of changing the traditional design and taper have allowed use of rotary instruments in endodontic treatment. A new generation of NiTi rotary files has been introduced as the Protaper Next. Aim : The present study aimed to compare the instrumentation time and cleaning efficacy of Protaper Next with rotary Protaper Universal system and manual K file in pediatric endodontics. Materials and Methods: An in-vitro experimental study was conducted by injecting Indian ink in a total sample of 60 human single rooted primary anterior teeth. The teeth were randomly divided into three experimental groups, including K-file,ProTaper Universal, Protaper Next and one control group. The root canals were prepared using one of the three file system followed by clearing the teeth with different demineralising solutions.A chronometer was used to calculate the instrumentation time in each root canal and scores were analysed by a steremicroscope. Data analyses were performed using version 21.0 of Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Results: In the coronal third of root canals cleaning efficacy of K Files and ProTaper Next showed almost similar score.In the middle third of root canals cleaning efficacy scores in two file systems were significantly lower than K files . In the apical third ProTaper Next showed better cleaning efficacy compared to K files and ProTaper Universal Files systems. Difference between the different groups was statistically significant P=0.000(<0.001). Conclusion: This study showed that the use of Ni-Ti rotary instruments in the pulpectomy of primary anterior teeth represents a promising technique in pediatric patients, thus instrumentation is feasible, offeringtime-saving advantages in root canal preparation
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Objective: To compare ProTaper Universal(PU),ProTaper Next(PN),WaveOne(WO) and M3 in the preparation of simulated curved canals. Methods: 40 simulated root canals were made from translucent resin and randomly divided into 4 groups(n = 10),the canals were prepared by PU,PN,WO and M3 respectively. The efficacy of canal preparation was analyzed. The pre-instrumentation and post-instrumentation images were recorded and the assessment of the canal shape was completed with Photoshop cs6 and Image Pro Plus6. 0. The apical transportation indexes and the amounts of apically extruded debris were measured. Results: WO was the most time-saving in mean working time(P ＜ 0. 05). PN and M3 took less time than PU in shaping the canals at the most levels(P ＜ 0. 05; PN vs M3,P＞ 0. 05). The amounts of apically extruded debris by PN was less than by PU,WO and M3(P ＜ 0. 05). The apical transportation by PN and M3 was less than that by PU and WO(P ＜ 0. 05). Conclusion: WaveOne is the most time-saving in shaping root canals. ProTaper Next and M3 are more effective and time-saving than ProTaper Universal in shaping root canals. ProTaper Next and M3 are comparable for optimally enlarge root canal.
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OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare root canal volume change and canal transportation by Vortex Blue (VB; Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties), ProTaper Next (PTN; Dentsply Maillefer), and ProTaper Universal (PTU; Dentsply Maillefer) nickel-titanium rotary files in curved root canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty canals with 20°–45° of curvature from extracted human molars were used. Root canal instrumentation was performed with VB, PTN, and PTU files up to #30.06, X3, and F3, respectively. Changes in root canal volume before and after the instrumentation, and the amount and direction of canal transportation at 1, 3, and 5 mm from the root apex were measured by using micro-computed tomography. Data of canal volume change were statistically analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test, while data of amount and direction of transportation were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: There were no significant differences among 3 groups in terms of canal volume change (p > 0.05). For the amount of transportation, PTN showed significantly less transportation than PTU at 3 mm level (p = 0.005). VB files showed no significant difference in canal transportation at all 3 levels with either PTN or PTU files. Also, VB files showed unique inward transportation tendency in the apical area. CONCLUSIONS: Other than PTN produced less amount of transportation than PTU at 3 mm level, all 3 file systems showed similar level of canal volume change and transportation, and VB file system could prepare the curved canals without significant shaping errors.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental Pulp Cavity , Molar , Transportation , X-Ray MicrotomographyABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente artículo es describir y analizar las características técnicas y de diseño del sistema Protaper Next. Este sistema aparece en el mercado odontológico en el año 2012, transformándose en el sucesor del Protaper Universal. Una de sus principales modificaciones consiste en la disminución del número de instrumentos requeridos para realizar el tratamiento endodóntico.
The objective of this article is to describe and analyze the technical and design characteristics of the Protaper Next System.This system appeared at the dental market in 2012 becoming the successor of Protaper Universal.One of its main modifications is the minor numbers of instruments required for doing an endodontic treatment.
Subject(s)
Humans , Dental High-Speed Equipment , Dental Instruments , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Surface Properties , Dental Alloys , Nickel , Rotation , TitaniumABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the shaping ability of ProTaper Universal (PU), ProTaper Next (PN) and M3 in preparation of curved root canals by CBCT (cone-beam computed tomography). Methods Sixty extracted maxillary first premolars were divided into two groups according to the canal curvature:10°-25° group and 26°-75°group. Then, each group was divided into PU group, PN group and M3 group and prepared with three instruments respectively. Canals were scanned by CBCT scanner before and after preparation. The efficacy of canal preparation was analyzed. The width of dentine removed was measured at three points (2 mm, 5 mm and 8 mm to root tip). The apical transportation indexes and the centring ratio values were recorded. Results PN group and M3 group needed less time in preparation and showed more efficiency than those of PU group in 26°-75° groups. One of root canals in PU group appeared deformation, neither PN group nor M3 group appeared deformation after 5 root canal preparations in average. None instrument was broken in three groups. PU group removed more materials at internal walls than PN group and M3 group at internal walls of root canals in 5 mm from the apex. There was no difference in the offset of the external walls of root canals. Compared with the offset of the internal and external walls of root canals in 2 mm from the apex, the apical transportations prepared by the PN group were less than those of M3 group and PU group in 26°-75° groups. Compared with the offset of the internal and external walls of root canals in 5 mm from the apex, the apical transportations prepared by the PN group and M3 group were less than those of PU group, and their centring ratio values were greater than those of PU group in 26°-75°groups. Conclusion ProTaper Next and M3 tested in this study are effective and time-saving in shaping curved root canals. The results indicate that both ProTaper Next and M 3are comparable to optimally enlarge root canal.
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Este estudo tem como objetivo avaliar in vitro a capacidade do sistema ProTaper Next® (PTN) na redução de Enterococcus faecalis de canais radiculares comparados aos sitemas ProTaper Universal® (PTU) e WaveOne ® (WO). Cem dentes pré-molares inferiores, unirradiculares, selecionados e noventa e cinco foram contaminados com uma suspensão de E. faecalis por 4 semanas a 37o C e, em seguida, aleatoriamente divididos em 6 grupos (n = 15, cada) de acordo com o sistema de instrumentação e solução irrigadora: PTN + NaOCl a 2,5%; PTU + NaOCl a 2,5%; WO + NaOCl a 2,5%; PTN + solução salina; PTU + solução salina e WO + solução salina. Os grupos de controle positivo e negativo foram criados com 5 exemplares cada um. Os canais foram preparados no comprimento de trabalho (CT) até o diâmetro apical 40 e o volume de irrigação foi padronizado para todos os grupos experimentais. As amostras coletadas antes (S1) e após (S2) o preparo químico-mecânico foram semeadas em placas de ágar Mitis-Salivarius e incubadas a 37o C por 48 horas para a contagem das unidades formadoras de colônias (UFCs). O teste t pareado foi utilizado para a análise intragrupo, e one-way ANOVA para análise intergrupos. O teste de Tukey foi utilizado quando foram encontradas diferenças significativas entre os grupos. Os níveis de significância foram estabelecidos em 5% (P <0,05). Os resultados do presente estudo demonstraram uma redução significativa na carga bacteriana em todos os grupos, após o preparo químico-mecânico (P <0,01). O grupo WO + solução salina obteve um menor grau de redução da carga bacteriana, quando comparado com os outros grupos testados (P <0,01). Os Grupos irrigados com NaOCl demostraram um maior nível de redução bacteriana quando comparado com irrigação com solução salina (P <0,01), sem diferenças estatísticas entre os sistemas utilizados (P> 0,05). Pode-se concluir que o sistema PTN foi tão eficaz quanto PTU e WO para remoção de bactérias durante o tratamento endodôntico.
This study constitutes an attempt to evaluate the effectiveness of ProTaper Next® (PTN), in reducing the intra canal Enterococcus faecalis count compared with ProTaper Universal® (PTU) and WaveOne® (WO) rotary instrument. A hundred teeth single-rooted human mandibular premolars were selected and ninety-five were contaminated with E. faecalis suspension at 37o C for 4 weeks and then randomly divided into 6 groups (n=15) according to the instrumentation system and the irrigation applied: PTN + 2.5% NaOCl; PTU + 2.5% NaOCl; WO + 2.5% NaOCl; PTN + saline solution; PTU + saline solution and WO + saline solution. Positive and negative control groups were created with 5 specimens each. Canals were prepared up to an apical size 40 at the working length (WL) and the irrigation volume was standardized for all experimental groups. Samples taken before (S1) and after (S2) the chemo mechanical procedures were sampled and plated onto Mitis-salivarius agar plates and incubated at 37C for 48 hours and the colony forming units (CFUs) were counted. The paired t-test was used for intragroup analysis, and one-way ANOVA for intergroup analysis. When significant differences were found among the groups, the Tukey test was used. The significance levels were set at 5% (P<0.05). After root canal instrumentation (S2), there was a highly significant reduction in bacterial load in all groups (P<0.01). WO/saline solution group showed a lower level of bacterial reduction when compared with the other tested groups (P<0.01). Groups irrigated with NaOCl showed a higher level of bacterial reduction when compared with saline solution irrigation (P<0.01), with no statistical differences among systems used (P>0.05). Can be concluded that PTN system was as effective as PTU and WO for removal of bacteria during endodontic treatment.
Subject(s)
Sodium Hypochlorite , Enterococcus faecalis , Root Canal Preparation/instrumentation , Dental Instruments , In Vitro Techniques , Efficacy , Analysis of VarianceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: The aim was to evaluate dentinal crack formation after root canal preparation with ProTaper Next system (PTN) with and without a glide path. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five mesial roots of mandibular first molars were selected. Fifteen teeth were left unprepared and served as controls. The experimental groups consist of mesiobuccal and mesiolingual root canals of remaining 30 teeth, which were divided into 2 groups (n = 15): Group PG/PTN, glide path was created with ProGlider (PG) and then canals were shaped with PTN system; Group PTN, glide path was not prepared and canals were shaped with PTN system only. All roots were sectioned perpendicular to the long axis at 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 mm from the apex, and the sections were observed under a stereomicroscope. The presence/absence of cracks was recorded. Data were analyzed with chi-square tests with Yates correction. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in crack formation between the PTN with and without glide path preparation. The incidence of cracks observed in PG/PTN and PTN groups was 17.8% and 28.9%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The creation of a glide path with ProGlider before ProTaper Next rotary system did not influence dentinal crack formation in root canals.