Expression of Skin Sulfhydryl Oxidase in Normal Skin , Cultured Skin and Several Abnormally Keratinizing Dermatoses / 대한피부과학회지

BACKGROUND: Skin sulfhydryl oxidase(SSO) is the enzyme catalyzing the covalent crosslinking of the protein molecules via disulfide bond formation, which is probably responsible for the formation of tight and stable structures in the skin tissues, However, the lack of its gene cloning and antibody preparation limited the study for the role of the enzyme in the tissues. OBJECTIVE: It is required to study the role of the enzyme in the normal skin tissues and several dermatosis with abnormal keratinization and its regulation by several materials and drugs in the culture models. METHODS: We performed immunohistochemical analysis to determine the localization and expression of the enzyme in the normal skin and mucosa and hair tissues and in the skin explant cultures and artificial skins with irritant- and differentiation modifieradded conditions. RESULTS: In the skin, SSO was most strongly expressed in the granular layers and mostweakly in the basal layers. The similar but weaker expression pattern was observed in the mucosa with stronger expression in the upper flattened layers compared to the lower layers. In the hair, it was expressed in the inner and outer root sheaths at the isthmus portion in weaker stainable patterns. The strong expression of SSO was not observed beneath the Monro microabscess or parakeratosis in the involved aren of psoriasis. In actinic keratosis and Bowen disease, it was expressed more strongly in the dyskeratotic cells or parakeratotic areas. And in the horn pearls of the squamous cell carcinoma, the strong expression of SSO was observed. In the skin ezplant culture, the expression of SSO is induced by treatment with sodium lauryl sulfate or retinoic acid with more extended stained areas compared to the control. In contrast, its expression is not basically modified on the cellular level but inhibited dynamically by a decrease of the granular layers with retinoic acid in the artificial skin(raft culture). CONCLUSION: And the inducibility of the enzyme by the irritating agents in the skin organ explant culture suggests the role of the enzyme as one of skin defense system. The decrease of granular layers by retinoic acid in the artificial skin(raft culture) reflects the fact that its expression can be inhibited indirectly during the keratinization process. Therefore, it can be summarized that SSO is the enzyme involved in the keratinizing process of skin tissues as well as the protective function for the skin tissues.

The Effect of Dehydration after a Sauna and Intermittent Hypoxia Stimuli on Heat Stress Protein 70 in Human Leucocytes and Aerobic Capacity during Incremental Exercise / 中国运动医学杂志

The purpose of this study was to compare Heat Stress Protein70 (HSP70) in human leucocytes, VO2max and Blood Lactate (BLa) during incremental exercise under a thermoneutral condition without taking a sauna with those during the same workload and under same thermoneutral condition after a sauna and after intermittent hypoxia stimuli. Ten unacclimated men performed an incremental test to exhaustion on a treadmill under a thermoneutral condition without taking a sauna (N25℃, relative humidity 65%) and during the same workload and under same thermoneutral condition after a sauna (D25℃, relative humidity 65%), and after intermittent hypoxia stimuli (LN25℃, relative humidity 65%) . The results were as follows: (1) HSP70 levels before incremental exercise in D25℃ were significantly higher than that in N25℃(13701.87?5367.17vs 7517.57?1980.01,P