Consumo de fragmentos proteicos y digestibilidad de proteína en dietas suministradas a bovinos Chino Santandereano

RESUMEN Objetivo. Cuantificar la concentración y consumo de los fragmentos de la proteína (NNP, PV, PVAD, PVLD, PIDN y PIDA) presente en la dieta suministrada a bovinos y su efecto en la digestibilidad de la proteína bruta. Materiales y métodos. Fueron analizadas dietas ofrecidas a bovinos Chino Santandereano en estabulación, recibiendo diferentes niveles de suplementación, utilizando cuatro animales en delineamiento en cuadrado latino 4x4, siendo los tratamientos: NS, no suplementados; BAJO, suplementados con cantidad relativa al 0.5% del peso corporal; MEDIO, suplementados con cantidad relativa al 1.0% del peso corporal; ALTO, suplementados con cantidad relativa al 1.5% del peso corporal. El consumo fue determinado diariamente y la digestibilidad a través de colecta total de heces en los dos últimos días de cada periodo. Resultados. Mayor concentración de proteína bruta fue encontrada en suplemento en comparación con el pasto (p<0.001), exhibiendo el forraje mayor concentración de PBNNP (p<0.001), a la vez que el suplemento presentó concentración más elevada de PV (p<0.001) y PVAD (p=0.027). Animales suplementados presentaron mayor consumo de PB, PBNNP (p=0.037), PV, PIDN, PVAD, PIDA y PVLD (p<0.05), no obstante, cuando se determinó la concentración que representa el consumo de PIDA en el consumo de PB, no se observó diferencia entre suplementados y NS (p=0.078). Mayor digestibilidad de la PB fue encontrada en animales suplementados cuando contrastados con NS (p<0.001), observándose entre tratamientos suplementados un efecto lineal ascendente a medida que aumentó el nivel de suplementación. Conclusiones. La suplementación mejora la digestibilidad de la proteína bruta por aportar mayor cantidad de fragmentos nitrogenados de alta digestibilidad.

ABSTRACT Objective. To quantify the concentration and consumption of the protein fragments (NPN, TP, RDTP, SDTP, NDIP, and ADIP) present in the diet supplied to cattle, and its effect on the digestibility of crude protein. Materials and methods. Diets offered to Chino Santandereano cattle in stables were analyzed, receiving different levels of supplementation, using four animals in the 4x4 Latin square outline, the treatments being: NS, not supplemented; LOW, supplemented with an amount relative to 0.5% of body weight; MEDIUM, supplemented with an amount relative to 1.0% of body weight; HIGH, supplemented with a quantity relative to 1.5% of body weight. Consumption was determined daily, and digestibility through total stool collection in the last two days of each period. Results. A higher concentration of crude protein was found in supplement compared to grass (p<0.001), the forage exhibiting a higher concentration of CPNPN (p<0.001), at the same time, that the supplement presented higher concentration of TP (p<0.001) and RDTP (p=0.027). Supplemented animals presented higher consumption of CP, CPNPN (p=0.037), TP, NDIP, RDTP, ADIP and SDTP (p<0.05), however, when the concentration that represents the consumption of ADIP in the consumption of CP was determined, no difference was observed between supplemented and NS (p=0.078). Higher digestibility of CP was found in supplemented animals when contrasted with NS (p<0.001), an upward linear effect was observed between supplemented treatments as the level of supplementation increased. Conclusions. Supplementation improves the digestibility of crude protein by providing a greater amount of highly digestible nitrogenous fragments.

Qualidade de suplementos proteicos: avaliação da composição e rotulagem / Quality of protein supplements: evaluation of composition and labeling

O consumo de suplementos alimentares por praticantes de atividade física tem se tornado umhábito comum, destacando-se aqueles de fonte proteica. Contudo, o uso indiscriminado destessuplementos no Brasil constitui tema de preocupação, pois dietas com elevados níveis proteicospodem ser prejudiciais à saúde. Soma-se a este quadro o fato de que levantamentos recentes sobrea qualidade desses produtos indicaram um número significativo de não conformidades em relaçãoaos requisitos regulamentados. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a conformidadede suplementos proteicos para atletas, do tipo whey protein, quanto à composição centesimale requisitos para rotulagem. Os parâmetros da composição nutricional para os quais foramidentificadas não conformidades foram teores de lipídeos totais (70 %) e carboidratos (30 %).Não conformidades de rotulagem foram evidenciadas em 100 % das amostras, sendo mais frequentesaquelas relacionadas à informação da medida caseira, prazo de validade, indicação terapêuticae denominação de venda. A falta de padronização nas orientações de uso foi também consideradacrítica, pelo potencial de induzir um consumo excessivo de proteínas. Os resultados desseestudo apontaram para a urgente necessidade de se assegurar a qualidade dos suplementos proteicosconsumidos no país.

The consumption of dietary supplements for physical activity practitioners has becomecommon, highlighting the protein source supplements. However, the indiscriminate use of thesesupplements is a topic of concern in Brazil, because diet with high protein levels can be harmfulto health. An aggravating is the fact that recent surveys on the quality of protein supplementsshowed a significant number of non-compliance products considering the regulated requirements.In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the compliance of protein supplementsfor athletes, whey protein type, in relation to the chemical composition and regulated requirementsfor labelling. The parameters related to composition that were in disagreement with the Brazilianregulations were total lipids (70 %) and carbohydrates (30 %). Nonconformities were found inlabelling of 100 % of samples, being more frequent those related to household measure information,validity, therapeutic indication and sale name. An important aspect of the labelling was the lackof standardization in the recommendations for use by the manufactures because some of whichcould lead the users to excessive protein intake. The results of this study indicated the urgent need ofquality assurance of protein supplements consumed in Brazil.

Qualidade de suplementos proteicos: avaliação da composição e rotulagem / Quality of protein supplements: evaluation of composition and labeling

O consumo de suplementos alimentares por praticantes de atividade física tem se tornado um hábito comum, destacando-se aqueles de fonte proteica. Contudo, o uso indiscriminado destes suplementos no Brasil constitui tema de preocupação, pois dietas com elevados níveis proteicos podem ser prejudiciais à saúde. Soma-se a este quadro o fato de que levantamentos recentes sobre a qualidade desses produtos indicaram um número significativo de não conformidades em relação aos requisitos regulamentados. Neste contexto, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a conformidade de suplementos proteicos para atletas, do tipo whey protein, quanto à composição centesimal e requisitos para rotulagem. Os parâmetros da composição nutricional para os quais foram identificadas não conformidades foram teores de lipídeos totais (70 %) e carboidratos (30 %). Não conformidades de rotulagem foram evidenciadas em 100 % das amostras, sendo mais frequentes aquelas relacionadas à informação da medida caseira, prazo de validade, indicação terapêutica e denominação de venda. A falta de padronização nas orientações de uso foi também considerada crítica, pelo potencial de induzir um consumo excessivo de proteínas. Os resultados desse estudo apontaram para a urgente necessidade de se assegurar a qualidade dos suplementos proteicos consumidos no país.

The consumption of dietary supplements for physical activity practitioners has become common, highlighting the protein source supplements. However, the indiscriminate use of these supplements is a topic of concern in Brazil, because diet with high protein levels can be harmful to health. An aggravating is the fact that recent surveys on the quality of protein supplements showed a significant number of non-compliance products considering the regulated requirements. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the compliance of protein supplements for athletes, whey protein type, in relation to the chemical composition and regulated requirements for labelling. The parameters related to composition that were in disagreement with the Brazilian regulations were total lipids (70 %) and carbohydrates (30 %). Nonconformities were found in labelling of 100 % of samples, being more frequent those related to household measure information, validity, therapeutic indication and sale name. An important aspect of the labelling was the lack of standardization in the recommendations for use by the manufactures because some of which could lead the users to excessive protein intake. The results of this study indicated the urgent need of quality assurance of protein supplements consumed in Brazil.

A Case of Protein Supplement Effect in Protein-Losing Enteropathy

The objective of this article is to report improvement of nutritional status by protein supplements in the patient with protein-losing enteropathy. The patient was a female whose age was 25 and underwent medical treatment of Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowl disease, after diagnosis of cryptogenic multifocal ulcerous enteritis. The weight was 33.3 kg (68% of IBW) in the severe underweight and suffered from ascites and subcutaneous edema with hypoalbuminemia (1.3 g/dL) at the time of hospitalization. The patient consumed food restrictively due to abdominal discomfort. Despite various attempts of oral feeding, the levels of calorie and protein intake fell into 40-50% of the required amount, which was 800-900 kcal/d (24-27 kcal/kg/d) for calorie and 34 g/d (1 g/kg/d) for protein. It was planned to supplement the patient with caloric supplementation (40-50 kcal/kg) and protein supplementation (2.5 g/kg) to increase body weight and improve hypoproteinemia. It was also planned to increase the level of protein intake slowly to target 55 g/d in about 2 weeks starting from 10 g/d and monitored kidney load with high protein supplementation. The weight loss was 1.0 kg when the patient was discharged from the hospital (hospitalization periods of 4 weeks), however, serum albumin was improved from 1.3 g/dL to 2.5 g/dL and there was no abdominal discomfort. She kept supplement of protein at 55 g/d for 5 months after the discharge from the hospital and kept it at 35 g/d for about 2 months and then 25 g/d. The body weight increased gradually from 32.3 kg (65% of IBW) to 44.0 kg (89% of IBW) by 36% for the period of F/u and serum albumin was kept above 2.8 g/dL without intravenous injection of albumin. The performance status was improved from 4 points of 'very tired' to 2 points of 'a little tired' out of 5-point scale measurement and the use of diuretic stopped from the time of 4th month after the discharge from the hospital owing to improvement in edema and ascites. During this period, the results of blood test such as BUN, Cr, and electrolytes were within the normal range. In conclusion, hypoproteinemia and weight loss were improved by increasing protein intake through utilization of protein supplements in protein-losing enteropathy.