ABSTRACT
Background: The knowledge of fetal human Kidney morphology and developmental anatomy is very important for prenatal diagnosis of disorders such as Wilm’s tumor, hydronephroses and congenital malformation etc.Methods: The study was carried out on 40 kidneys procured from 20 spontaneously aborted fetuses (11males and 9 females) ranging from 14wks-36wks of gestation, after confirming their age through CRL they were grouped and then processed to form slides and stained with haemtoxylin and eosin and seen under light microscope.Results: All kidneys were lobulated at early gestational age and became fused by 36 wks. Corticomedullary junction and preformed collecting tubules were seen clearly by 18wks. Well differentiated PCT and DCT were formed by 19-23 wks. Well-formed pyramids by 28 wks and medullary rays by 29 weeks were clearly distinguished. Loop of Henle developed and distinguished by 28 wks. Increased vascularity was seen by 32-36 wks. Nephrogenic zone and undifferentiated mesenchyme decreased and matured glomeruli increased by 36 wks.Conclusions: The present study gave emphasis to the development of each component in medulla and cortex of kidney.
ABSTRACT
The toxic effects of different doses of diclofenac sodium (DS) on the kidney on the postnatal period (0-7 days) by morphometrical and immunohistochemical methods were investigated. For this purpose, 15 female adult wistar albino rats were used and divided into 5 main groups. Group Ia served as normal control, physiologic group Ib received normal saline, group II received low dose (3.9 mg/kg), group III received medium dose (9 mg/kg) and group IV received high dose (18 mg/kg). Male offspring's from 0-7 days after birth were used in this study. On the 8th day of postnatal life, all animals were anesthetized. Then, the kidney samples were analyzed. Haematoxylin and eosin staining showed degeneration and necrosis, apparent atrophy of the glomeruli, mononuclear cell infiltration, congested vessels, increased fibrous tissue and distortion of the proximal convoluted tubules with interruption of the brush margin of the DS treated group. Increased level of Caspase-3 and upregulation of TNF-α with different doses of DS. In light of our findings, DS may lead to adverse effects that are dose-dependent in the prenatal subjected kidney to this drug.
Se investigaron los efectos tóxicos de diferentes dosis de diclofenaco sódico (DS) en el riñón de ratas, durante su período postnatal (0-7 días), por métodos morfométricos e inmunohistoquímicos. Para este propósito, se utilizaron 20 crías macho, de ratas Wistar albinas, y se dividieron en 5 grupos principales. El grupo Ia sirvió como control normal, el grupo fisiológico Ib recibió solución salina normal, el grupo II recibió una dosis baja de DS (3,9 mg/kg), el grupo III recibió una dosis media de DS (9 mg/kg) y el grupo IV recibió una dosis alta de DS (18 mg/kg). Se administraron los medicamentos de 0 a 7 días después del nacimiento de las ratas. En el octavo día de vida postnatal, todos los animales fueron sacrificados. Luego, se analizaron las muestras de riñón. Mediante hematoxilina-eosina se evidenció degeneración y necrosis, aparente atrofia de los glomérulos, infiltración de células mononucleares, vasos congestionados, aumento del tejido fibroso y distorsión de los túbulos contorneados proximales, con interrupción del margen en cepillo del grupo tratado con DS. Se detectó un aumento del nivel de caspasa-3 y regulación al alza de TNF-α con diferentes dosis de DS. A la luz de nuestros hallazgos, la DS puede provocar efectos adversos en el riñón, que dependen de la dosis de este medicamento administrada en el período posnatal.
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Diclofenac/toxicity , Kidney/drug effects , Staining and Labeling , Immunohistochemistry , Diclofenac/administration & dosage , Rats, Wistar , Apoptosis/drug effects , Kidney/growth & development , Kidney Tubules, Proximal/drug effects , Animals, NewbornABSTRACT
Time since death is made out from gross postmortem changes like cooling of the body, postmortem staining, rigor mortis, decomposition etc. In the present study Histological changes in the Kidney tissue were studied at various postmortem intervals in the human body died due to road traffic accidents. This study is conducted in the Department of Forensic Medicine in collaboration with Department of Pathology, G.S.V.M. Medical College, Kanpur, U.P. A total of 45 cases are taken belonging to both sexes i.e. 36 males and 9 females were studied. These are of different age groups. All road traffic accidents are taken into account. In this study control can not be taken because the histological changes of tissue after death is influenced a great deal by atmospheric temperature and humidity besides other external and internal factors. Therefore these must be taken into account in all studies of postmortem interval whether histological, biochemical or physical.