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1.
Biosci. j. (Online) ; 33(5): 1305-1313, sept./oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-966337

ABSTRACT

Psidium myrsinites DC. is species known as "araçá", from the Cerrado (savanna) biome in Brazil. It is commonly used as a medicinal plant in the treatment of diarrhea because of its astringent properties. The aims of this study were to carry out phytochemical screening with an exploratory purpose; to investigate toxicity by brine shrimp (Artemia salina) lethality bioassay; and to evaluate antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria by determining the minimum inhibitory concentration of the essential oil, acetonic and ethanolic crude extracts, and the fractions obtained with organic solvents of Psidium myrsinites DC. leaves. The phytochemical profile determined the major classes of secondary metabolites present as phenolic compounds (tannins, coumarins, flavonoids, anthraquinone glycosides and terpene compounds). The essential oil and hexane fraction demonstrated a level of strong and mild toxicity respectively, thus encouraging further research with isolated substances from them. The crude ethanolic and acetonic extracts, and hexane fractions, chloroform intermediary, ethyl acetate and aqueous fraction from crude acetonic extract showed the best inhibitory effect on bacterial growth of Gram-positive bacteria with minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging between 62.5 and 250 µg.mL-1. However, the presence of secondary compounds such as tannins, flavonoids and terpenes is probably associated with the inhibitory effect on tested microorganisms, which could justify the medicinal use of the leaves of this species.


Psidium myrsinites DC. é uma espécie do bioma Cerrado conhecida como "araçá" comumente utilizada como planta medicinal no tratamento de diarreias e na cicatrização devido as suas propriedades adstringentes. O objetivo deste trabalho foi realizar a triagem fitoquímica com propósito exploratório e a investigação da toxicidade pelo teste de letalidade em Artemia salina e da atividade antimicrobiana contra bactérias Gram-positivas e Gram-negativas pela determinação da concentração mínima inibitória do óleo essencial, dos extratos brutos acetônico e etanólico, além das frações obtidas com solventes orgânicos de polaridade crescente: hexano, clorofórmio, acetato de etila das folhas de Psidium myrsinites DC. O perfil fitoquímico determinou as principais classes de metabólitos secundários presentes como compostos fenólicos (taninos, cumarinas, flavonoides, heterosídeos antraquinônicos e compostos terpênicos. O óleo essencial e a fração hexano demonstraram nível de toxicidade forte e moderado respectivamente, incentivando assim novas pesquisas com substâncias isoladas dos mesmos. Os extratos brutos etanólico e acetônico, e as frações hexano, intermediária de clorofórmio, acetato de etila e fração aquosa do extrato bruto acetônico demonstraram melhor ação inibitória sobre o crescimento bacteriano de bactérias Gram-positivas com concentrações mínimas inibitórias variando entre 62,5 e 250 µg.mL-1. Contudo, a presença de compostos secundários tais como, taninos, flavonoides e terpenos, provavelmente, está associada ao efeito inibitório sobre os micro-organismos testados, o que poderia justificar o uso medicinal das folhas dessa espécie.


Subject(s)
Artemia , Tannins , Oils, Volatile , Psidium/toxicity
2.
Acta toxicol. argent ; 24(3): 187-192, dic. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-837865

ABSTRACT

La evaluación de la actividad antioxidante ha sido una cuestión relevante teniendo en cuenta su importancia para la salud humana. Estudios recientes muestran que el uso de plantas en forma de jugos o tés como fuentes de antioxidantes naturales, que se pueden utilizar como complemento para el tratamiento de diversas enfermedades. En este contexto, evaluado el potencial antioxidante in vitro, de extractos de Eugenia jambolana Lam y Psidium myrsinites DC. A. y cuantificar fenoles y flavonoides presentes en los extractos. La peroxidación lipídica ha sido evaluada por la técnica de TBARS (sustancias reactivas al ácido tiobarbitúrico). De acuerdo con los resultados, mostraron una mejor actividad antioxidante del extracto de psidium myrsinites DC. A. Para poner a prueba TBARS con fosfolípido de huevo extrae redujo los niveles basales en el proceso de peroxidación de lípidos, la CI50 del extracto etanolico de Euguenia jambolana (EEFEJ) mostró los mejores resultados, con un más bajo valor de la CI50 en comparación con el extracto hidroetanolico de Psidium mirsinites, demostrado ser más efectivo. Por lo tanto, a través de estas pruebas se puede ver que los extractos de las hojas de la especie, Eugenia jambolana Lam y Psidium myrsinites DC. A., la actividad antioxidante de exposiciones, sustancias fenólicas directamente relacionados producidos a partir de su metabolismo secundario.


The evaluation of the antioxidant activity has been a relevant and important issue to human health. Recent studies show that the use of plants juices or teas as sources of natural antioxidants, which can be used as an adjuvant in the treatment of several diseases. In this context, was evaluated the in vitro antioxidant potential of the extracts of Psidium myrsinites DC. and Eugenia jambolana Lam. The total of phenols and flavonoids were quantified in the extracts. Lipid peroxidation was evaluated by the technique of TBARS (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances). According to the results, was showed a better antioxidant activity in the extract of Psidium myrsinites DC. A. In the TBARS assay with egg phospholipid the extracts reduced the basal levels in the process of lipid peroxidation and the IC50 of ethanol extract of Eugenia jambolana (EEFEJ) showed the best results with a lower value of IC50 compared with hydroethanol extract of Psidium mirsinites, demonstrating be more effective. Therefore, through these tests can be seen that extracts from the leaves of the species, Eugenia and Psidium jambolana Lam myrsinites DC. A., exhibit antioxidant activity, directly related phenolic substances produced from the secondary metabolism.


Subject(s)
Humans , Antioxidants/chemical synthesis , Eugenia jambosa/therapeutic use , Lipid Peroxidation/drug effects , Psidium/drug effects , Phytochemicals/therapeutic use , Plant Extracts/therapeutic use
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