Adaptação do jovem à universidade e o impacto no bem-estar psicológico do estudante de licenciatura em pedagogia / Adaptation of the youth to the university and the impact on the psychological well-being of the undergraduate student in pedagogy

Investigar a formação docente é essencial à universidade com o intuito de alcançar melhorias. Neste sentido, a temática deste estudo está inserida no projeto "Os fatores de acesso e permanência que envolvem a formação docente na UFRGS e seus contrastes com as expectativas e demandas do mundo do trabalho em escolas públicas da rede básica no Estado do RS". O objetivo é contribuir para a compreensão dos fatores que levam à adaptação do estudante à universidade e o impacto deste processo no bem-estar do aluno de Licenciatura em Pedagogia a partir de cinco dimensões de adaptação (pessoal, interpessoal, carreira, estudo e institucional). Para verificar a adaptação do aluno ao curso utilizou-se o Questionário de Vivências Acadêmicas, com amostra estudantil dos alunos da Pedagogia, em versão adaptada ao contexto brasileiro. Os dados foram analisados a partir de estatística descritiva e relacionados com a fundamentação teórica apresentada, permitindo, assim, uma interpretação referencial apoiada desses dados. Em suma, poucos estudantes apresentaram sintomas relacionados à ansiedade, depressão ou estresse na pesquisa. A maioria dos alunos demonstrou-se satisfeitos com sua escolha pelo curso, seu desempenho acadêmico e os recursos oferecidos pela universidade. Além disso, apesar de demonstrarem algum nível de ansiedade e altas expectativas, isso não interfere de forma direta em seu desempenho acadêmico ou desejo de concluir o curso.

Investigating teacher education is essential to the university in order to design improvements and achieve challenges. The theme of this study is part of a larger project on the factors of access and permanence that involve teacher education and its contrasts with the expectations and demands of the working world in public schools of the basic network. The objective is to contribute to the understanding of the factors that lead to the adaptation of the student to the university and the impact of this process on the well-being of undergraduate student in Pedagogy from five dimensions of adaptation (personal, interpersonal, career, study and institutional). In order to verify the student's adaptation to the course, the Student Experience Questionnaire was used, with a student sample of Pedagogy students, in a version adapted to the Brazilian context. The data were analyzed from descriptive statistics and related to the theoretical basis presented, allowing, therefore, a supported reference interpretation of these data. In short, few students had symptoms related to anxiety, depression or stress in the research. Most students were satisfied with their choice of course, their academic performance, and the resources offered by the university. In addition, although they demonstrate some level of anxiety and high expectations, this does not seem to interfere directly with their academic performance or desire to complete the course.

Eficacia de un programa para la promoción del bienestar a partir de las dimensiones del esquema de si mismo en un grupo de adultos mayores de la ciudad de Bucaramanga / Effectiveness of a program for the promotion of the welfare in the dimensions of the scheme of their selves into a group of elder adults in the city of Bucaramanga

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficacia de una intervención para la promoción del bienestar en sus dimensiones de percepción de eficacia, valía personal, concepto sobre si mismo e imagen corporal en un grupo de adultos mayores de la ciudad de Bucaramanga. Participaron 188 adultos entre 50 y 95 años de edad, de géneros masculino y femenino, estrato socioeconómico de 0 a 4 y de diferente estado civil con limitaciones psicosociales en cada una de las dimensiones de bienestar mencionadas. El programa se evaluó siguiendo un diseño pre experimental de un solo grupo con medidas pre y post a través de la prueba t de Student con p<0.05 y mediante cuestionarios construidos para el estudio. Los datos procesados en el paquete estadístico spss versión 12.0, muestran la eficacia de la intervención con valores t student para Auto concepto de (t=-11,46), para auto eficacia (t=-7,5), para autoestima (t=-9,95) y para auto imagen (t=-11,97) con diferencias significativas en cada caso. Se concluye la efectividad del programa para promover actitudes de auto confianza, aceptación personal y física y sentimiento de control en los adultos mayores.

This survey had as objective to assess the results of a program towards to welfare in the dimensions of: Own's efficacy perception, self esteem, self-concept, self image into a 50 to 95 aged elder people in the city of Bucaramanga (Colombia). Participants were 188, they belong both genders, economical status from 0 to 4 and several civil status and with lackness in all the four welfare dimensions assessed by the intervention which followed a pre-experimental design with an only one group with measure before and after the program. Results were processed by spss program 12.0 version, showing the usefulness of the program getting changes to self-concept with t student values like (t=-11,46), to self-efficacy like (t=-7,5), to self-confidence like (t=-9,95) and to self-image like (t=-11,97).It is concluded that program was helpful to promote welfare attitudes and behaviors in the participants.

La importancia del apoyo social en el bienestar de los adolescentes / The importance of social support in adolescent welfare

El propósito de este artículo de reflexión teórica es hacer una revisión sobre aspectos importantes del apoyo social, específicamente durante la adolescencia. Se aborda el concepto planteado por diferentes autores y aspectos que influyen en el bienestar y la salud de las personas, principalmente en eventos o situaciones vitales estresantes. Posteriormente se hace énfasis en aspectos claves del desarrollo del adolescente y los cambios biopsicosociales en el ciclo de vida, sus características y fuentes de apoyo principal, entre los cuales se encuentra la familia y los amigos. De esta forma se pretende responder el papel que juega el apoyo social y su influencia en determinados comportamientos de riesgo para la salud Finalmente se discuten los aportes y beneficios más significativos del apoyo social y la necesidad de tener establecida una red de apoyo social solida. Se concluye sobre la importancia de crear y fortalecer programas enfocados en las principales redes de apoyo en los adolescentes, con el fin de comprender y focalizar estrategias efectivas que se ajusten a las necesidades y principales dificultades que repercuten durante esta etapa.

The purpose of this article is to conduct a review of the important aspects of social support, specifically in the adolescent stage. It deals with the concept of social support as approached by different authors, and aspects which influence peoples' welfare and health, mainly in vital events or situations in which stress is present. Later, emphasis is made on the adolescent population, its characteristics and main sources of support, among which are family and friends. It is intended, through this method, to establish whether social support has an influence as a factor of risk or of protection with respect to the different problem areas which occur at this stage. Finally, the most important contributions and benefits of social support are discussed, together with the need to have available a support network during the adolescent stage. It concludes with the need to create and strengthen programs focused on social support networks for the benefit of adolescents, with the purpose of understanding and providing a better level of attention to their needs, thus preventing risk behaviors.