An epidemiological study on assessment of dementia and general health pattern among geriatric population in the rural field practice area of medical college and hospital, Kolkata

Background: As our age increases, different pathophysiological changes occur, which leads to geriatric syndromes in the elderly. Along with other bodily changes, psychological changes and dementia start emerging that affects day-to-day activities of the elderly people. These symptoms often get undetected due to lack of care or awareness among the geriatric population or their caregivers. Aim and Objectives: This study aims to measure the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and onset of dementia among the geriatric population in a rural area of West Bengal. Materials and Methods: An observational, descriptive, community-based, and cross-sectional study was conducted by interviewing persons aged 60 years and above residing in Banspole village during the months of April–May, 2022, using General Health Questionnaire-12 and dementia assessment by rapid test questionnaire. The data were analyzed with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Results: A total of 104 respondents were interviewed (62.5% male and 37.5% female). Most commonly found comorbidity was hypertension (48.08%), followed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (26.92%) and hypothyroidism (25.97%). Significant psychological morbidity was found in 49 (47.11%) persons, whereas, different levels of dementia was found in 72 (69.23%) participants. Significant associations were found between psychiatric morbidity with age and socioeconomic status, and dementia with age and marital status. Significance level was at P < 0.05. Conclusion: As it can be seen that in psychiatric morbidity is present in almost half of the participants, and dementia in almost 70% participants, but most of the times, these get undetected or overlooked. Early detection and management are the need of the hour, as these conditions causes huge economic burden on the caregivers, as well as on the government concerned.

How common is burnout? Are there protective factors? A study from a tertiary cancer center

Background: Heathcare professionals (HCPs) in the field of oncology face challenging clinical situations, difficult conversations, and death. This can seriously affect their physical and psychological health. Methods: One hundred and eighty doctors and nurses participated in this descriptive study. The primary objective was to determine the proportion of burnout in HCPs in a tertiary care cancer hospital. The secondary objectives included assessment of psychological morbidity, correlation of burnout with demographic factors and years of experience, and resilience and its correlation with burnout. Data were collected using Maslach Burnout Inventory, General Health Questionnaire� (GHQ-28), and a Resilience scale (Dr. Vijaya Lakshmi and Dr. Shruti Narain). Descriptive statistics correlation and regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results: One hundred and twenty-six (70%) respondents were young adults. Thirty-two (17.78%) respondents had a high Emotional Exhaustion (EE) score. A high Depersonalization score (DP) was seen in 24 (13.33%) and a low sense of Personal Accomplishment (PA) was perceived by 22 (12.22%). More nurses (55, 52.4%) had high resilience scores compared with doctors (21, 28%). Doctors (21, 28%) experienced more psychological morbidity than nurses (15, 14%). Among the domains of GHQ-28, high scores were observed in Somatic, Anxiety/Insomnia, and Social Dysfunction (mean 4.44 � 3.92, 4.61 � 3.85, and 4.54 � 3.16, respectively) and low scores in the severe depression domain (mean 2.48/�29). Conclusion: Fifteen to eighteen percent of HCPs scored high levels of EE, DP, and low PA. Burnout was more common in doctors who had worked in the cancer center for longer. However, the converse was true for nurses. HCPs with high resilience scores had less burnout. Age and resilience protect from burnout.

Factores de riesgo de morbilidad física y psicológica en cuidadores de adultos mayores con demencia / Physical and psychological morbidity risk factors in caregivers of older adults with dementia

Introducción: En Cuba, la prevalencia de las enfermedades demenciales (10,2 por ciento) constituye una realidad a la que se enfrenta hoy día el Sistema Nacional de Salud. La demencia repercute no solo en la persona que la padece, sino en su familia y sobre todo en la salud del cuidador, quien es sometido a cambios físicos y emocionales que comprometen su calidad de vida. Objetivos: Identificar los factores de riesgo de morbilidad física y psicológica en un grupo de cuidadores de adultos mayores con demencia. Métodos: Análisis secundario de la base de datos del estudio Envejecimiento y Alzheimer, un estudio poblacional en personas de 65 años de edad y más, realizado en La Habana y Matanzas, Cuba, en el periodo de 2003 a 2007. Se seleccionaron cuidadores principales de adultos mayores demenciados. Se aplicó una entrevista sociodemográfica y de factores de riesgo, la escala de sobrecarga de Zarit y el cuestionario general de salud. Resultados: El nivel de sobrecarga (OR = 4,88; IC 95 por ciento 2,16-11,02) constituyó un factor de riesgo de morbilidad física y psicológica en los cuidadores, mientras que el alto nivel educacional se comportó como un factor protector (OR= 0,5; CI 95 por ciento 0,36-0,82). Conclusiones: La prestación de cuidados a un enfermo demente conforma una fuente de estrés crónico que puede conllevar a serias consecuencias para la salud del cuidador principal, y en la que diversos factores de riesgo se relacionan con una mayor sobrecarga. Estudiar estos factores de riesgo permite explorar el cuidado en otros contextos e involucrar dimensiones, relaciones y vínculos que se convierten en retos frente al diseño, ejecución y evaluación de intervenciones de apoyo como respuesta a las necesidades identificadas, para afrontar los conflictos, miedos, desafíos que experimentan los cuidadores principales(AU)

Introduction: In Cuba, the prevalence of dementia diseases (10.2 percent) it is a reality the National Health System is facing nowadays. Dementia affects not only the person who suffers from it, but also to the family and especially the health of the caregiver, who undergoes physical and emotional changes that compromise their quality of life. Objectives: Identify the risk factors for physical and psychological morbidity in a group of caregivers of older adults with dementia. Methods: Secondary analysis of the database of the study named Aging and Alzheimer: a population study in people aged 65 and over conducted in Havana and Matanzas provinces, Cuba, in the period from 2003 to 2007. Primary caregivers of older adults with dementia were selected. A sociodemographic and risk factor interview, Zarit's scale of overload and the overall health questionnaire were applied. Results: The level of overload (OR-4.88; 95 percent CI 2.16-11.02) was a risk factor for physical and psychological morbidity in caregivers, while the high level of education was a protective factor (OR-0.5; CI 95 percent 0.36-0.82). Conclusions: Providing care to a demented patient is a source of chronic stress that can lead to serious health consequences for the main caregiver and in which various risk factors are associated with an increased overload. Studying these risk factors allow to explore care in other contexts and to involve dimensions, relationships and links that become challenges in the face of the design, execution and assessment of support interventions in response to identified needs, to address the conflicts, fears, and challenges experienced by key caregivers(AU)

Treatment of psychological morbidity secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia: a comparative study

Background: Authors tend to compare the medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia with the surgical option regarding lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and related psychological morbidity.Methods: A retrospective study of (1614) patients who were managed by either transurethral resection of prostate (TURP) or medical treatment for lower urinary tract symptoms secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) over a period of 5 years between (Sep. 2013 and Sep. 2018) carried out in Prince Hussein Urology Center at Jordanian Royal Medical Services. Patients were classified into two groups, group1 (807 patients) who get a medical option and group 2 (807 patients who underwent TURPs. A comparison between both groups according to the effect of minimizing the psychological morbidities was done over a period of 1-year follow-up after reviewing the patient’s medical records.Results: Ages of the patients for group1 and 2 were (47-68 years), (49-73 years), respectively. There were significant differences at the level of depression, anxiety and psychiatric morbidity pre-treatment between both groups p-value <0.05, and no significant differences after treatment in group 1 regarding these levels, p-value>0.05, but significant differences in the level of improvement after treatment between both groups and in group 2 were found, p-value <0.05.Conclusions: The severity of LUTS and psychological morbidity have a positive relationship and were higher in the pretreatment surgical group, but the effect of TURP was superior to the medical group in the management of this morbidity and its causative (LUTS).

Circunstâncias e consequências do cuidar: estudo prospetivo em cuidados paliativos / Circumstances and consequences of care: a prospective study in palliative care

Resumo As várias circunstâncias que afetam a prestação de cuidados em fim-de-vida podem ter um papel determinante no resultado desta experiência, nomeadamente nos níveis de morbilidade psicológica antes e depois da perda. Este estudo tem por objetivos descrever a prevalência da sobrecarga e sintomatologia psicopatológica dos cuidadores familiares em cuidados paliativos e identificar as circunstâncias que lhe estão associadas. Pretendemos ainda avaliar a evolução da sintomatologia, identificando os fatores circunstanciais que interferem na fase aguda do luto. A amostra foi constituída por 75 cuidadores portugueses, a maioria do sexo feminino e filhas do doente. Os resultados revelam que as pessoas mais envolvidas nos cuidados ao doente apresentam mais sobrecarga e estão mais propensas a sintomatologia psicopatológica, a qual tem tendência a manter-se no luto. Ficou também demonstrada a existência de sintomas peritraumáticos que parecem contribuir significativamente para o estado geral de distress no luto agudo. O suporte social tem efeito protetor nos diferentes quadros sintomatológicos e está relacionado com o funcionamento familiar. Estes resultados sugerem a possibilidade de identificar precocemente os cuidadores mais vulneráveis e as circunstâncias adversas que os afetam.

Abstract The sundry circumstances that affect end-of-life care can have a determining role in the result of this experience, particularly in psychological morbidity levels before and after bereavement. The aim of this study is to describe the prevalence of psychopathological symptoms and overburden among family caregivers in palliative care and to identify the circumstances associated with care provision. An attempt was made to evaluate the progress of psychopathological symptoms, identifying circumstantial factors that can interfere in acute grief. The sample consisted of 75 Portuguese caregivers, mostly women and patients' daughters. The results show that caregivers more involved with patient care bear a greater burden and are more likely to manifest psychopathological symptoms, which persist in acute grief. Moreover, the existence of peritraumatic symptoms seem to contribute significantly to the overall state of distress in acute grief. Social support has a protective effect in the different symptomatologic situations and are closely related to family dynamics. These results suggest the possibility of early identification of the most vulnerable caregivers and the adverse circumstances that affect them.

The mediator role of psychological morbidity on sleep and health behaviors in adolescents / O papel mediador da morbidade psicológica em hábitos de sono e comportamentos de saúde em adolescentes

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study examined the mediation role of psychological morbidity, defined in this study as depression/anxiety, in the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep quality, and between sleep habits and health behaviors, in adolescents. METHODS: A total of 272 students, between 12 and 18 years old, underwent a psychological protocol assessing excessive daytime sleepiness, sleep quality, sleep habits, health behavior, and psychological morbidity. RESULTS: Psychological morbidity was not associated with the relationship between excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep quality, but was associated, with statistical significance, in the relationship between sleep habits and health behaviors. These results emphasize the role of psychological morbidity in adolescent health behaviors. CONCLUSION: Analyzing the symptoms of depression and anxiety in pediatric patients may help in a more accurate diagnosis, especially in relation to sleep problems and health behaviors.

RESUMO OBJETIVO: Este estudo analisa o papel mediador da morbidade psicológica, definida neste estudo como depressão e ansiedade, na relação entre a sonolência diurna excessiva e qualidade do sono e entre hábitos de sono e comportamentos de saúde em adolescentes. MÉTODO: Foram entrevistados 272 estudantes, entre 12 e 18 anos, por meio de um protocolo de avaliação que acessou dados acerca da sonolência diurna excessiva, qualidade do sono, hábitos de sono, comportamentos de saúde e morbidade psicológica. RESULTADOS: Os resultados mostraram que a morbidade psicológica não estava associada, com significância estatística, na relação entre a sonolência diurna excessiva e qualidade do sono, mas estava associada, com significância estatística, na relação entre hábitos de sono e comportamentos de saúde. Esse resultado reforça a importância da morbidade psicológica nos comportamentos de saúde dos adolescentes. CONCLUSÃO: Investigar sintomas de depressão e ansiedade nas consultas pediátricas pode auxiliar o profissional num diagnóstico mais preciso, principalmente em relação a problemas de sono e comportamentos de saúde.

Evaluation of factors affecting psychological morbidity in emergency medicine practitioners / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

@#BACKGROUND: Assessing and evaluating mental health status can provide educational planners valuable information to predict the quality of physicians'' performance at work. These data can help physicians to practice in the most desired way. The study aimed to evaluate factors affecting psychological morbidity in Iranian emergency medicine practitioners at educational hospitals of Tehran.METHODS: In this cross sectional study 204 participants (emergency medicine residents and specialists) from educational hospitals of Tehran were recruited and their psychological morbidity was assessed by using a 28-question Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). Somatization, anxiety and sleep disorders, social dysfunction and depression were evaluated among practitioners and compared to demographic and job related variables.RESULTS: Two hundreds and four participants consisting of 146 (71.6％) males and 58 (28.4％) females were evaluated. Of all participants, 55 (27％) were single and 149 (73％) were married. Most of our participants (40.2％) were between 30–35 years old. By using GHQ-28, 129 (63.2％) were recognized as normal and 75 (36.8％) suffered some mental health disorders. There was a signifi cant gender difference between normal practitioners and practitioners with disorder (P=0.02) while marital status had no significant difference (P=0.2). Only 19 (9.3％) declared having some major mental health issue in the previous month.CONCLUSION: Females encountered more mental health disorders than male (P=0.02) and the most common disorder observed was somatization (P=0.006).

Quality of life in women with urinary incontinence / Qualidade de vida em mulheres com incontinência urinária

Summary The aim of this study is to examine the relationship among psychological, clinical and sociodemographic variables, and quality of life in women with urinary incontinence. The sample consisted of 80 women diagnosed with urinary incontinence (UI) followed in a Northern Central Hospital in Portugal. Participants answered the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL); Satisfaction with Sexual Relationship Questionnaire (SSRQ); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS) and the Brief Cope. The results revealed that women with higher quality of life considered their symptoms of urine loss as mild or moderated compared to those with severe urine loss. The less severe urine loss was associated with greater sexual satisfaction and less use of religion and self-blame as coping strategies. In terms of coping, women who considered the loss of urine as severe expressed more feelings regarding UI. Stress urinary incontinence, high sexual satisfaction, and less use of denial, distraction, and religion as coping strategies, predicted higher quality of life. According to the results, UI has an impact on women’s sexual satisfaction and quality of life. Therefore, intervention programs should target these women, including their partners, helping them to adjust to their condition and teaching effective coping strategies in order to improve their sexual satisfaction and quality of life.

Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a relação entre variáveis clínicas, psicológicas, sociodemográficas e de qualidade de vida em mulheres com incontinência urinária. A amostra foi composta de 80 mulheres com diagnóstico de incontinência urinária (IU), seguido em um Hospital Central do Norte de Portugal. As participantes responderam: Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL); Satisfaction with Sexual Relationship Questionnaire (SSRQ); Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scales (HADS) e o Brief Cope. Os resultados revelaram que as mulheres com uma maior qualidade de vida consideraram seus sintomas de perda de urina como leves ou moderados, em comparação àquelas com perda de urina grave. A perda de urina menos grave foi associada à maior satisfação sexual e menos uso de religião e autoculpabilização como estratégias de enfrentamento. Em termos de enfrentamento, as mulheres que consideraram a perda de urina como grave expressaram mais sentimentos em relação à IU. Incontinência urinária de esforço, alta satisfação sexual e menos uso da negação, distração e religião, como estratégias de enfrentamento, previram maior qualidade de vida. De acordo com os resultados, a IU tem um impacto na satisfação e na qualidade de vida sexual das mulheres. Assim, os programas de intervenção devem visar a essas mulheres, incluindo seus parceiros, ajudando-as a adaptar-se à sua condição e ensinar-lhes estratégias eficazes de enfrentamento, a fim de melhorar sua satisfação sexual e qualidade de vida.

Comportamento tabágico: um estudo com fumantes, ex-fumantes e não fumantes / Smoking behavior: a study with smokers, abstinents and non-smokers / Tabaquismo: un estudio con fumadores, fumadores que dejaran de fumar y no fumadores

Este estudo avaliou sintomas de transtornos psicológicos, qualidade de vida, suporte do parceiro, coping familiar, ajustamento de casal e representações do tabaco em fumantes, ex-fumantes e não fumantes. Participaram no estudo 224 fumantes, 169 ex-fumantes e 173 não fumantes. A duração do consumo de tabaco no grupo de fumantes era de pelo menos 3 anos e a duração de abstinência superior a 3 meses. Os resultados mostraram que os ex-fumantes, quando comparados com os não fumantes e fumantes, revelaram representações cognitivas face ao tabaco mais ameaçadoras, mais ansiedade, mais coping familiar, mais suporte positivo e negativo do parceiro e mais qualidade de vida mental. Os não fumantes, apresentaram representações emocionais mais ameaçadoras e menor compreensão face ao seu comportamento de fumar e mais coesão. Os fumantes, interessantemente, reportaram mais qualidade de vida física. Este estudo enfatiza a importância das representações do tabaco, morbidade psicológica e do suporte do parceiro.

This study evaluated psychological morbidity, quality of life, partner support, family coping, couple adjustment and tobacco representations in smokers, abstinents and non-smokers, as well as the predictors of partner support and quality of life in smokers and abstinents. Participated in the study 224 smokers, 169 abstinents and 173 non-smokers. The timeline of tobacco consumption in the smoking group was at least 3 years and in the abstinents for at leat 3 months. Results revealed that abstinents, when compared with non-smokers and smokers, showed more threatening cognitive representations in relation to tobacco, more anxiety, more family coping, more partner positive and negative support and mental quality of life. Non-smokers revealed more threatening emotional tobacco representations, less comprehensibility towards their smoking habit and more cohesion. Smokers, interestingly, showed more physical quality of life. This study emphasizes the importance of representations related with tobacco, psychological morbidity and partner support.

Este estudio evaluó los síntomas de trastornos psicológicos, calidad de vida, apoyo de la pareja, el coping familiar y las representaciones del consumo de tabaco en fumadores, abstinentes y no fumadores. También se evaluó los preditores del apoyo de la pareja y calidad de vida entre los fumadores y los abstinentes. Participaron en la investigación 224 fumadores, 169 abstinentes y 179 no fumadores. Los fumadores llevaban fumando por más de 3 años e los que habían dejado de fumar hacia 3 meses. Los abstinentes, cuando comparados con los fumadores y no-fumadores, mostraron representaciones cognitivas del tabaco más amenazantes, más ansiedad, más coping familiar, más apoyo positivo e negativo de la pareja y más calidad de vida (performance emocional). Los no-fumadores mostraron representaciones emocionales del tabaco más amenazantes, menor comprensión de su comportamiento de fumar e más cohesión. Los fumadores, interesantemente, mostraron más calidad de vida física. Este estudio señala las representaciones del tabaco, la morbilidad psicológica y el apoyo de la pareja.

Apego aos pais, relações românticas, estilo de vida, saúde física e mental em universitários / Attachment to parents, romantic relationships, lifestyle, physical and mental health in university students

Pretendeu-se conhecer a relação entre apego aos pais, características das relações românticas, sintomatologia física, estilo de vida e morbilidade psicológica em 250 estudantes universitários, entre os 17 e 29 anos, que responderam a instrumentos de auto relato. Concluiu-se que o apego aos pais nos jovens adultos se relaciona com a sintomatologia física, a morbilidade psicológica e características das relações amorosas. O envolvimento numa relação romântica reflecte-se na saúde, estando associado ao estilo de vida saudável e menos sintomas físicos. Exploraram-se os preditores da sintomatologia física e estilo de vida, e analisou-se a influência do sexo, tipo de família e nível socioeconómico nas variáveis em estudo. Assim, podem retirar-se implicações para o desenvolvimento de intervenções com jovens e pais...

This study focused on the understanding of the relationship among attachment to parents, characteristics of romantic relationships, physical symptoms, lifestyle and psychological morbidity in 250 university students, aged between 17 and 29 years (M=20.88; SD=2.03), who answered self-report questionnaires. We concluded that attachment to parents for young adults is related to physical symptoms, psychological morbidity and characteristics of romantic relationships. Being in a romantic relationship has effects on health, since it is related to a healthier lifestyle and less physical symptoms. We explored the predictors of physical symptoms and lifestyle, and analyzed the influence of sex, type of family and socioeconomic status on the variables studied. As a result, implications can be drawn to develop interventions with youngsters and parents...

Psychological Morbidity And Sources Of Job Stress Among Doctors In Yemen

Objective: The objective of the present study was to determine the prevalence and factors contributing to psychological morbidity among doctors in Sana’a city, Yemen. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 442 Yemeni doctors. The (GHQ12) was used as a measure of psychological morbidity. Sources of job stress were determined using a 37-item scale questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of psychological morbidity was 68.1 %. Gender, age range of 30 – 39 years old, chewing Khat, type of residence and income were significantly associated with psychological morbidity (p<0.05). Five stressors out of 37 were significantly associated with psychological morbidity. On multivariate analysis, the significant predictors of psychological morbidity were being 30 – 39 years old, patients not trusting doctors, not chewing Khat, uncertainty and insecurity. Conclusion: The prevalence of psychological morbidity in Yemeni doctors was higher than those reported internationally and it was associated with many important job stressors.