Concepções de profissionais dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial sobre promoção da cidadania / Conceptions of workers of Community Mental Health Centers about citizenship promotion / Concepciones de trabajadores de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial sobre la promoción de la ciudadanía

INTRODUÇÃO: Não obstante os avanços do movimento de Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileira, a luta pela efetivação dos direitos de cidadania, no campo dos cuidados em saúde mental, ainda permanece como um grande desafio. A própria noção de "cidadania", embora de uso muito frequente, carece de uma análise mais detalhada, de modo que é possível indagar o que pensam os profissionais dos Centros de Atenção Psicossocial sobre a promoção da cidadania dos usuários de serviços de saúde mental. OBJETIVO: Descrever e analisar as concepções de profissionais dos CAPS sobre a promoção da cidadania em sua prática cotidiana. MÉTODO: Foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas com 11 profissionais da equipe técnica dos cinco CAPS do município de Feira de Santana. Os dados foram submetidos à análise temática inferencial à luz da literatura especializada. RESULTADOS: Foram identificadas cinco categorias relativas às concepções de promoção da cidadania nos CAPS: 1) promoção de cidadania como inserção social; 2) promoção da cidadania entre a política pública e a motivação pessoal; 3) práticas de promoção de cidadania no cotidiano do CAPS; 4) dificuldades vivenciadas na promoção da cidadania; e 5) Nova política de Saúde Mental (pós-2016) e a promoção da cidadania. CONSIDERAÇÕES FINAIS: Os resultados mostraram diferentes concepções de promoção da cidadania no cotidiano dos CAPS, indicando fragilidades formativas e aspectos de discricionariedade de profissionais técnicos da ponta dos serviços. Argumenta-se que a efetivação da lógica dos direitos deve estar acompanhada de práticas que reconheçam os usuários como protagonistas de suas vidas e sujeitos de direitos.

INTRODUCTION: Although the advances of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform, the struggle to guarantee citizenship rights in mental health care remains a great challenge. The very notion of "citizenship", although very frequently used, lacks a more detailed analysis. In this study, we ask what professionals at Brazilian Community Mental Health Centers (CAPS) think about promoting citizenship for users of mental health services. OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe and analyze the concepts of promoting citizenship in the work of professionals of CAPS. METHOD: Was delineated and conducted semi-structured interviews with 11 workers from five CAPS in the city of Feira de Santana, Bahia, Brazil. The data were submitted to inferential thematic analysis in the light of recent specialized literature. RESULTS: Five categories emerged related to the conceptions of citizenship promotion in CAPS: 1) citizenship promotion as social insertion; 2) promotion of citizenship between public policy and personal motivation; 3) citizenship promotion practices in the daily life of CAPS; 4) difficulties experienced in promoting citizenship, and 5) Recent Brazilian Mental Health Policy (post-2016) associated the promotion of citizenship. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The results showed different conceptions of citizenship promotion in the daily life of CAPS, indicating formative lacks and aspects of discretion of technical professionals at the edge of services. We argued that to be effective the logic of rights must be followed by practices that recognize users both as protagonists of their lives and as subjects of rights.

INTRODUCCIÓN: No obstante, los avances del movimiento de la Reforma Psiquiátrica Brasileña, la lucha por la observancia de los derechos de la ciudadanía, en el campo de los cuidados con la salud mental, sigue siendo un gran reto. La noción misma de "ciudadanía", aunque de uso muy frecuente, carece de un análisis más detallado, por lo que es posible preguntar qué piensan los trabajadores de los Centros de Atención Psicosocial (CAPS) sobre la promoción de la ciudadanía de los usuarios de los servicios de salud mental. OBJECTIVO: Se plantea describir y analizar las concepciones de los trabajadores de los CAPS respecto la promoción de la ciudadanía en su práctica diaria. MÉTODO: Fueran realizadas entrevistas semiestructuradas con 11 trabajadores del equipo técnico de los cinco CAPS del municipio Feira de Santana, Brasil. Los datos fueran sometidos al análisis temático inferencial a la luz de la literatura especializada. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron cinco categorías relacionadas con los conceptos de ciudadanía en los CAPS: 1) promoción de ciudadanía como inserción social; 2) promoción de la ciudadanía entre la política de gobierno y la motivación personal; 3) prácticas de promoción de la ciudadanía en el cotidiano de los CAPS; 4) dificultades de la promoción de la ciudadanía; y 5) Nueva Política Brasileña de Salud Mental (post-2016) y la promoción de la ciudadanía. CONSIDERACIONES FINALES: Los resultados mostraran diferentes conceptos de promoción de ciudadanía en el quehacer diario de los CAPS, señalando debilidades en la formación y aspectos de discrecionalidad de los trabajadores de los servicios. Se argumenta entonces que la implementación de la lógica de los derechos debe ir acompañada de práctica que reconozcan a los usuarios como protagonistas de sus vidas y sujetos de derechos.

Evidências psicológicas do surfe: efeitos terapêuticos e demandas assistenciais / Psychological evidences of surf: therapeutic effects and assistance demands / Evidencias psicológicas del surf: efectos terapéuticos y demandas de asistencia

O presente trabalho caracteriza-se como um estudo de revisão sistemática sobre pesquisas que tenham utilizado medidas psicológicas para avaliar atletas e praticantes de surfe. Foram utilizados os descritores "Surf" AND "Sport" e "Surf" AND "Psychology" e após aplicação dos critérios de exclusão, obteve-se uma amostra final de 28 artigos. Foram identificados estudos diversificados explorando aspectos psicológicos diferenciados nesse contexto, como questões de gênero, processos psicossociais, produção da subjetividade, efeitos terapêuticos e aspectos psicológicos concernentes ao universo da competição. Os resultados foram discutidos em categorias temáticas específicas, dentre as quais, destacam-se o estudo de processos psicológicos diretamente associados à prática do surfe; produções sobre o potencial terapêutico desencadeado pela prática do surfe; e também algumas evidências sobre efeitos adversos, principalmente no contexto competitivo. As evidências reforçaram a importância da assistência psicológica aos atletas de alto rendimento para promoção e manutenção da saúde mental, bem como para melhorias no desempenho esportivo. No lazer e em projetos específicos, o potencial terapêutico do surfe também se apresenta como um campo promissor.

The present work is characterized as a systematic review of researches that have used psychological measures to evaluate surf athletes and practitioners. The descriptors used were "Surf" AND "Psychology" and "Surf" AND "Sport" and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, was obtained a final sample of 28 articles. Diversified studies were found exploring different psychological aspects in this field, such gender issues, psychosocial processes, subjectivity development, therapeutic effects and psychological aspects concerning the competitive context. The results were discussed in specific categories, as those directly associated with the surf practice; works about the therapeutic potential triggered by the surfing practice; and also some evidences about some adverse effects, especially in the competition context. The evidences reinforce the relevance of psychological assistance to high-performance athletes to promotion and maintenance of the mental health, as well to improvements in surf performance. In leisure activities and specific projects, the therapeutic potential of surfing also appears as a promising field.

El presente trabajo se caracteriza como un estudio de revisión sistemática sobre investigaciones que han utilizado medidas psicológicas para evaluar atletas y practicantes de surf. Se utilizaron de los descriptores "Surf" AND "Psychology" y "Surf" AND "sport", después aplicar los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, se tienes una muestra final de 28 artículos. Fueron encontrados estudios explorando diferentes aspectos psicológicos en este campo, como temas de género, procesos psicosociales, desarrollo de la subjetividad, efectos terapéuticos y aspectos psicológicos relacionados con el contexto competitivo. Los resultados fueron discutidos en categorías específicas, como los directamente relacionados con la práctica del surf; trabajos sobre el potencial terapéutico desencadenados por la práctica del surf; y también algunas evidencias sobre efectos adversos, especialmente en el contexto competitivo. Las evidencias refuerzan la relevancia de asistencia psicológica a los atletas de alto rendimiento para promover y mantener la salud mental, así como para mejorar el rendimiento del surf. En las actividades de ocio y proyectos específicos, el potencial terapéutico del surf también aparece como un campo prometedor.

Effect of mental toughness level on positive and negative emotion and mental health in children with epilepsy / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

ObjectiveTo explore the effect of mental toughness level on positive and negative emotion and mental health in children with epilepsy.MethodsIn accordance with the International League against epilepsy and epilepsy syndrome in 1989 International Classification of young children with epilepsy,160 cases were sampled.Based on the Adolescent Resilience Scale ( HKRA ) score,according to the 27％ principles of delimitation,the patients were divided into high HKRA score group and low HKRA score group,43 cases in each group.Then positive emotions and negative affect scale (PANAS),mental health test (MHT) were applied to two groups.Results,Except family support dimension,the others HKRA dimension and total score were higher in female children with epilepsy than those in male patients,there was significant difference (P＜ 0.01 ).The positive affect score were higher in high HKRA score group than that of low HKRA group ; and negative emotion was significantly lower than that in low HKRA group (P＜ 0.01 ).Except physical symptom dimension,other dimensions and total score of HKRA in high HKRA score group were higher than those in low HKRA group,there was significant difference (P＜ 0.01 ).Children with epilepsy HKRA score was positive correlation with positive emotion score but negative correlation with negative affect scores (P ＜ 0.01 ) ; in addition to physical symptom,HKRA score and MHT score,and all the other dimensions were negatively related (P＜0.01 or 0.015).ConclusionThe mental toughness level are significantly related to children's epilepsy patients with positive and negative emotion and mental health status.A high level of mental toughness can increase positive emotional experience,and reduce the negative emotional experience of children with epilepsy.

Research status on death education / 中华医学教育探索杂志

Death education that began in the western countries,starting with the rise of thanatolography,is the important content of modern education which can not be ignored.This paper summarized the definition,content,subjects and course of death education by reviewing the literatures,aiming to provide some reference for the death education at present in our country.

Perfil multidimensional de personas que han realizado intento de suicidio / Multidimensional profile of people who have attempted to commit suicide

Establecer el perfil multidimensional de personas con intento de suicidio. Seestudiaron 116 personas reportadas con intento de suicidio en servicios de urgenciase instituciones educativas del departamento del Huila. Diseño descriptivo; conentrevista semi-estructurada, prueba de personalidad, inventario de depresión,evaluación de alcoholismo, evaluación de ideación e intento de suicidio. Elperfil multidimensional se caracterizó: adolescentes rurales, adultos citadinos;son de consideración: ama de casa, con relación de pareja estable, y personassolas, divorciadas, desempleadas. La relación neuroticismo bajo y piscoticismoalto podría ayudar a explicar que el intento de suicidio haya sido realizado de“repente” sin existir ningún síntoma previo. La estructura y dinámica familiardisfuncional están altamente asociadas a la persona con intento de suicidio.

The purpose of this study is to establish a multidimensional profile of peoplewho have attempted to commit suicide. 116 cases of people with reported suicideattempts in emergency rooms and educational institutions in the department ofHuila were studied. This was a descriptive study, with a semi-structured interview,personality test, depression inventory, alcohol evaluation, ideation and suicideattempt evaluations. The multidimensional profile consisted of adolescents fromrural areas, city-dwelling adults, also taking into account housewives with stablerelationships, single, divorced and unemployed persons. The relationship betweenlow neuroticism and high psychoticism could help to explain ‘unexpected’suicide attempts without previous symptoms. The structure and dynamics ofdysfunctional families are strongly associated with suicide attempts.

Estabelecer o perfil multidimensional de pessoas com tentativa de suicídio.Se estudaram 116 pessoas reportadas com tentativa de suicídio em serviços deurgências e instituições educativas do departamento do Huila. Foi um estudodescritivo, com uma entrevista semi-estruturada, teste personalidade, o inventariode depressão, avaliações do álcool, da ideação suicida e tentativa de suicidio.O perfil multidimensional se caracterizou: adolescentes rural, adultos citadinos;são de consideração dona de casa, com relação de casal estável; e pessoas sós,divorciadas, desempregadas. A relação neuroticismo baixo e piscoticismo alto,poderia ajudar a explicar que a tentativa de suicídio tenha sido realizado de“repente” sem existir nenhum sintoma prévio. A estrutura e dinâmica familiardisfuncional estão altamente associadas à pessoa com tentativa de suicídio.

Kajian Rintis Tentang Kesedaran Bidang Psikologi Klinikal di Kalangan Ahli Perubatan dan Sains Kesihatan di Malaysia / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

Clinical psychology is a specialised field of professional psychology that is much needed with regards to the treatment of mental disorders, behaviour problems and learning difficulties. The field of clinical psychology has been integrated into the health system, especially the mental health and education system, in many western countries. In Malaysia, clinical psychology is still a new concept and has yet to be accepted into the medical and health systems in Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia 5 (1) 2007: 59-66 60 general. This preliminary study looks at the awareness of 199 medical and health sciences professional with regards to clinical psychology. Results of this survey found that only 13.6% of the respondents demonstrated basic knowledge of what clinical psychology is. The awareness of clinical psychology as a clinical profession, and its benefits within the health system is still very much lacking among medical and health sciences professionals. The need to improve awareness of clinical psychology as a clinical profession as well as a health science discipline is very important as clinical psychology services are able to contribute to more holistic treatment of health problems in Malaysia. Implications of this study includes the need for the awareness of clinial psychology to be improved.

The Summury of the Impact on the Children’s behavior in the Single Parent Family / 医学研究杂志

From 2004 to 2005,In order to find the impact on the children`s behavoir in the one parent family, we selected the parents divorced family and the normal family to compare the behavior difference of 5-6 years old children from 45 families ,in them, 19 boys and 31 girls. In group one, 15 families,only the mother take care the children, In group two,15 families, Only the Father take care the children .In group three,only the Grand Parents take care the children, in Group four, we select 15 normal families`s Children. They have the similar ages, after checking in their expression,character and the intelligence, The average score of group1,2and 3 on expression is 138,the score of the group 4 is 195, the different ratio data (P

Aspectos Psicológicos y Personales en el manejo de la Diabetes Mellitus

El objetivo del presente estudio fue examinar los resultados obtenidos por diferentes investigaciones en el ámbito de la psicología de la salud, específicamente en el tratamiento de la diabetes mellitus tipo 2. Se realizó una evaluación exhaustiva de las investigaciones recientes en esta área, determinándose que hoy en día los trastornos psiquiátricos y las alteraciones psicológicas constituyen un problema de salud pública que se incrementa con el paso del tiempo y que afecta tanto a poblaciones clínicas como a la población en general. Además, a pesar de la asociación entre las alteraciones psiquiátricas y los rasgos de personalidad con el padecimiento de complicaciones crónicas en pacientes con diabetes mellitus, y la evidente implicación de estos trastornos sobre la adhesión al tratamiento, la adaptación de los pacientes a nuevos estilos de vida son difíciles. Los estudios en el ámbito de la psiconeuroendocrinología son escasos y el tratamiento psicológico ha sido muy esporádico; por lo que se plantea la evidente necesidad de ampliar este campo de investigación para así poder brindarle a los pacientes la atención requerida desde el punto de vista de la multidisciplinariedad.

The main objective of this study was to examine different results obtained from diverse researches about type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment in the psychology health area. An thorough evaluation of recent investigations in this area was developed, with results that show that as today psychiatric disorders and psychological alterations have become a public health problem that has increased with time and that affects symptomatic populations as well as the over all general population. Even though there’s an association between psychiatric disorders and personality types with chronic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and the obvious implication of these disorders in the effects of treatment, the adapting process in these patients to new life styles is hard. There are few studies in the psyconeuroendocrinology area and psychological treatment has been rare, which is why there’s an evident need to expand this research area so we can be able to offer patients the care they need from a multidisciplinary point of view.