ABSTRACT
Pulmonary drug delivery has become a research focus in recent years, while the action between particles and pulmonary macrophages after particles transportation to lung tissue was paid little attention. Therapeutic efficacy can be enhanced by regulating the particles uptake action of pulmonary macrophages according to different diseases. Referring to a lot of articles, the relationship between common diseases and macrophages was reviewed and the influencing factors in the particles uptake of alveolar macrophages were sum-marized. The review laid foundation for the development of preparations and clinical application of pulmonary drug delivery systems.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of CORM-2 via p38 mitogeu-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway on the expression of the mitochondrial fission protein 1 (Fisl) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse pulmonary macrophages.Methods The rat subculture alveolar macrophages were seeded on 96 well plates with 2 × 105/ml densities.After 24 hours of culture,it was divided into 4 groups by random number table method:normal control group (group C),group LPS (group L),CO releasing agent CORM-2 + LPS group (group LC),p38MAPK inhibitor SB203580 + CORM-2 + LPS group (group LCS).When the cells were incubated for 24 hours,the mitochondrial MDA content and SOD activity were determined by ELISA kit,the levels of HO-1、mitochondrial fission protein Fis1 and p38 were determined by Western blot,the expressions of HO-1 and mitochondrial fission protein Fis1 were detected by RT-PCR.Results Compared with the C group,the levels of MDA [(2.43 ±0.12) vs.(3.59 ±0.07)],HO-1 [(1.31±0.27) vs.(1.65±0.41)],Fis1 [(1.27±0.23) vs.(1.65±0.41)] andp38 [(1.01 ±0.24) vs.(1.36 ±0.17)] in group L were increased,and the activity of SOD [(81.7 ± 1.62) vs.(54.7 ± 1.62)] was decreased (P ＜ 0.05);Compared with the group L,the MDA content [(3.59 ± 0.07) vs.(3.08 ±0.52)] and the level of Fis1 [(2.01 ±0.35) vs.(1.48 ±0.39)] in group LC were down-regulated,and the levels of SOD [(54.7 ± 1.62) vs.(67.4 ± 1.32)]、and the expressions of HO-1 [(1.65±0.41)vs.(2.25±0.18)] andp38 [(1.36±0.17) vs.(1.78±0.23)] wereup-regulated (P ＜0.05).Compared with the group LC,the MDA content [(3.08 ±0.52) vs.(4.16 ±0.19)] and the expression of Fis1 [(1.48 ±0.39) vs.(1.96 ±0.31)] in group LCS were increased,and the level of SOD [(67.4±1.32)vs.(45.9±1.52)]、and the expressions of HO-1 [(2.25±0.18)vs.(1.78± 0.19)] and p38 [(1.78 ±0.23) vs.(1.12 ±0.29)] were decreased (P ＜0.05).Conclusions HO-1/CO system inhibits the expression of Fis1 in LPS-induced lung macrophages,which may be regulated by p38MAPK signaling pathway.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the difference of morphology and phagocytosis between alveolar macrophages (AMs) and pulmonary interstitial macrophages (IMs). Methods AMs were collected by lung lavage and IMs by treatment of the lung tissue with DNAse and collagenase. The two cell populations were analyzed with respect to morphology by transmission electron microscopy, and the variation of these macrophages of phagocytosis were tested by malachite green colorimetry. Results There were great differences in morphology between AMs and IMs. The phagocytosis of AMs was much stronger than that of IMs. Conclusion There is functional and morphological heterogeneity between AMs and IMs. IMs should not be regarded as the precursors to AMs.