Qualidade físico-química de polpas de fruta de goiaba e manga comercializadas no Gama-DF / Physico-chemical quality of guava and mango fruit pulps sold in Gama-DF

As polpas de fruta congeladas são uma boa opção de aproveitamento das frutas, uma vez que eleva a sua vida útil. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade de polpas de fruta comercializadas no Gama-DF. Foram selecionadas quatro marcas comerciais de polpas de fruta congeladas (A, B, C e D) dos sabores goiaba e manga. Avaliou-se o pH, teor de umidade, sólidos totais e açúcares totais determinados baseando-se nos métodos descritos pelo Instituto Adolfo Lutz. Todas as marcas apresentaram teor de umidade e de açúcar total condizentes com a legislação. No entanto, os resultados de pH obtidos para as marcas A, B e C apresentaram valores em discordância com os Padrões de Identidade e Qualidade regulamentados, para pelo menos um dos sabores de polpa de fruta. Adicionalmente, os valores do teor de sólidos totais das marcas comerciais B e C do sabor goiaba e B e D do sabor manga apresentaram discrepância em relação aos valores preconizados pela legislação. Assim, verificou-se que todas as marcas apresentaram, pelo menos, um parâmetro em desacordo com a legislação. Conclui-se que é necessário a adoção de boas práticas de fabricação e padronização das matérias-primas no processo de fabricação de polpas de fruta.

The frozen fruit pulps are a good option for the utilization of fruits, since they increase their useful life. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of fruit pulps sold in Gama-DF. Four commercial brands of frozen fruit pulps (A, B, C and D) of the guava and mango flavors were selected. The pH, water content, total solids and total sugars were determined based on the methods described by Adolfo Lutz Institute. All brands had moisture and total sugar content in line with the legislation. However, the pH results obtained for brands A, B and C showed values in disagreement with the regulated Identity and Quality Standards, for at least one of the fruit pulp flavors. Additionally, the values of the total solids content of the trademarks B and C of the guava flavor and B and D of the mango flavor presented discrepancy in relation to the values recommended by the legislation. Thus, it was found that all the pulps had at least one parameter without compliance with the legislation. The conclusion is that is necessary to adopt good manufacturing practices and standardization of raw materials in the fruit pulp manufacturing process.

Avaliação da qualidade microbiológica de polpas de frutas congeladas comercializadas na cidade de Cuiabá - MT / Evaluation of the microbiological quality of frozen fruit pulps commercialized in the city of Cuiabá-MT

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de polpas de frutas congeladas comercializadas na cidade de Cuiabá - MT, comparando aos padrões da legislação vigente. Foi avaliada a qualidade microbiológica de 25 amostras de polpas de frutas coletadas na cidade de Cuiabá-MT, de cinco diferentes polpas (abacaxi, acerola, caju, goiaba e maracujá) e de cinco marcas comerciais (denominadas A, B, C, D e E), para determinação da população global de bolores e leveduras, em unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/mL), determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP. mL-1) de coliformes totais e termotolerantes (a 45ºC) e determinação da presença/ausência de Salmonella sp. Os resultados para detecção de Salmonella sp. coliformes totais e termotolerantes nas polpas congeladas mostraram que estas se encontravam de acordo com a legislação vigente. Para a contagem de bolores e leveduras, porém, três amostras (12%) apresentaram índices elevados, acima do limite máximo estabelecido pela legislação vigente. Tais resultados sugerem possível inadequação do controle higiênico de algumas das indústrias evidenciando que as condições higiênicas durante o processamento, manipulação e armazenamento podem estar em desacordo com as Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF).

This work aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of frozen pulps (pineapple, acerola, cashew, guava, passion fruit) from five commercial brands commercialized in Cuiabá city, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Analysis microbiological were performed (Salmonella sp., molds and yeasts, total coliform, and thermotolerant counts) in 25 samples, in accordance with the accordance to the Brazilian legislation requirements. The counts of Salmonella sp., total and thermotolerant coliforms in the samples were in accordance to the Brazilian legislation requirements, except for frozen pulp of pineapple of one commercial brand for Escherichia coli because was present, but with value lower than of the legislation limit. Results for molds and yeasts were bigger than legislation limit, with presence in 12% of total samples. Concluded with this work that it is possible that some frozen pulps in some commercial brands sold in Cuiabá were not being manipulated neither with necessary hygienic conditions during processing, handling and storage.

Monitoring the extraneous matters in pulps of tomato, guava, mango and strawberry marketed during the seasons of the year

Fruit-derived products sold in Brazil and for exportation are required to comply with the quality and safety standards. These products and, among them, the fruit pulps may contain extraneous materials due to the inappropriate conditions or practices during their production, storage and distribution, including filth, decomposed material and miscellaneous materials. This study aimed at evaluating the sanitary conditions(regarding to extraneous materials) of fruit pulps sold in the Great São Paulo, during the four seasons of 2010. This investigation analyzed 115 tomato pulp, 93 guava pulp, 99 strawberry pulp and 89 mango pulp by means of the techniques described in the AOAC, 18th, 2005, Chapter 16 - Extraneous Materials: Isolation. Insect fragments were the most frequent filth category detected in the pulps (in 93 % of guava and strawberry, 77 % of tomato and 48 % of mango samples), followed by the rodent hair (in 24 % of tomato, in 3 % of guava, in 1 % of strawberry and in 0.5 % of mango samples). The occurrence of miteswas mostly frequent in strawberry samples (33 %). This study indicated that the majority of the analyzed pulps showed satisfactory sanitary conditions, evidencing that the Good Manufacturing Practices was adopted by the productive sector...

Quantificação de compostos fenólicos e ácido ascórbico em frutos e polpas congeladas de acerola, caju, goiaba e morango / Quantification of phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in fruits and frozen pulp of acerola, cashew, strawberry and guava

O crescente interesse da população pela promoção da saúde vem despertando a atenção dos consumidores por alimentos ricos em antioxidantes, combinado com a praticidade do consumo de sucos de frutos processados. O presente trabalho objetivou quantificar e avaliar a capacidade antioxidante de compostos fenólicos e ácido ascórbico em frutas in natura e polpas congeladas. As frutas in natura e polpas congeladas obtidas na região de Lavras - MG foram submetidas à quantificação de compostos fenólicos e ácido ascórbico e os respectivos extratos acetônico-etanólico e acetônico-metanólico. Foram determinadas suas atividades antioxidantes pelos métodos radicalares DPPH e ABTS. O extrato acetônico-metanólico foi mais efetivo para extrair os compostos antioxidantes das amostras. Apenas as polpas congeladas de acerola apresentaram uma redução do teor de compostos fenólicos em relação ao fruto. Para o teor de ácido ascórbico, houve uma redução nas polpas congeladas de acerola e goiaba. As amostras de acerola apresentaram os maiores teores de compostos fenólicos, ácido ascórbico e atividade antioxidante em relação aos demais frutos analisados.

The growing public interest in health- promotion, has called the attention of consumers for foods rich in antioxidants, combined with the practicality of the consumption of processed fruit juices. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify and evaluate the antioxidant capacity of phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid in fruits "in natura" and frozen pulps. The fruits "in natura" and frozen pulps from region of Lavras-MG, underwent quantification of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and the corresponding extracts acetonic-ethanolic and acetonic-methanolic. Their antioxidant activities were evaluated by DPPH and ABTS radical methods. The extract acetonic-methanolic was more effective to extract the antioxidant compounds from samples. Only frozen acerola pulps showed lower content of phenolic compounds in relation to fruit. For ascorbic acid, there was a reduction in the frozen pulp of acerola and guava. Acerola samples showed higher content of phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity compared to other fruits analyzed.

Análisis de la calidad microbiológica y potencial presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en pulpas de guanábana (Annona muricata), mango (Mangifera indica) y maracuyá (Passiflora edulis) costarricenses / Analysis of the microbiological quality and potential presence of Listeria monocytogenes in custard apple (Annona muricata), mango (Mangifera indica) and passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) pulps from Costa Rica

El objetivo del presente trabajo fue el determinar algunos de los indicadores de vida útil, higiene y condiciones del proceso y almacenamiento, la asociación entre la pulpa de la fruta y microorganismos patógenos de pulpas de guanábana, mango y maracuyá provenientes de las principales cadenas de supermercados de la gran área metropolitana (GAM) de San José, Costa Rica, así como examinar la potencial presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en ellas. Se analizó un total de 60 muestras, a las cuales se les determinó su pH así como su recuento total aerobio, recuento de mohos y levaduras, bacterias lácticas, número más probable de coliformes totales y fecales y la presencia o ausencia de Listeria monocytogenes en 25 g del producto. Los rangos de pH encontrados en las pulpas variaron entre 3,1 y 3,9 y los recuentos obtenidos fueron relativamente bajos a excepción de los provenientes de una industria. Ninguna de las muestras analizadas presentó coliformes totales ni fecales. Se confirmó la presencia de Listeria monocytogenes en tres muestras, todas provenientes de la industria C. Los bajos recuentos obtenidos pueden deberse a la adición de sustancias preservantes pero también porque son productos pasteurizados; la falta de estos dos elementos puede significar la presencia de bacterias tan peligrosas como Listeria monocytogenes.

The objective of this work was to determine some of the indicators associated to shelf life, hygiene, process and storage conditions for some of custard apple, mango and passion fruit pulps distributed by the main supermarket chains of the Metropolitan Area of San José, Costa Rica, as well as to examine the potential presence of Listeria monocytogenes in them. Sixty fruit pulp samples were analyzed. Tests included pH determination, total aerobic plate count, yeasts and mold count, lactic bacteria count, total and fecal most probable number and the presence/absence of Listeria monocytogenes in 25 g of the product. Fruit pulp’s pH ranged between 3,1 and 3,9, and the microbiological counts obtained were relatively low except for one industry. None of the samples analyzed presented total or fecal coliforms. The presence of Listeria monocytogenes was confirmed in three samples, all of them coming from industry C. Low microbiological counts obtained may be due to the addition of preserving substances and to the pasteurization of some of the products; lack of these two elements may allow the presence of dangerous bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes.

Effect of freezing and processing technologies on the antioxidant capacity of fruit pulp and jelly

The effect of freezing and processing technology on the antioxidant capacity of grape (Vitis vinifera), apple (Malus domestica), strawberry (Fragaria x Anassa), pear (Pyrus communis L.), guava (Psidium guajava L.), and fig (Ficus carica L.) was evaluated for 90 days. Under a storage temperature of -15 º C, there was no significant difference in the antioxidant capacity of grape and fig pulp, and a higher antioxidant capacity was found for guava pulp (27 µmol/g). While the technological processing did not affect the antioxidant capacity of pear and apple jellies, all other jellies studied showed a reduced antioxidant capacity. The processing reduced the antioxidant capacity of grapes in 45%. Among the fruit products, the highest antioxidant activities were found for guava pulp and jelly (27 and 25 µmol/g, respectively), followed by grape pulp (22 µmol/g).

The death of cows poisoned by the trichothecene is reported from a cattle herd of animals fed with citrus pulp containing 7 mg/kg of the micotoxin diacetoxyscirpenol / Intoxicação por Diacetoxiscirpenol em bovinos alimentados com polpa cítrica no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil

The death of cows poisoned by the trichothecene is reported from a cattle herd of animals fed with citrus pulp containing 7 mg/kg of the micotoxin diacetoxyscirpenol

Relata-se a morte de bovinos causada pela ingestão de polpa cítrica contaminada pela micotoxina Diacetoxiscirpenol (7mg/kg), pertencente ao grupo dos tricotecenos.