ABSTRACT
Background of the Study: The extant literature on life insurance in India is mostly descriptive in nature, with a few empirical studies that have looked at literacy and awareness for the insurance and related terms among the women and resulting into insurance demand. In this context the impact of literacy or awareness on the behavior in insurance market has remained largely unexplored. Given the low levels of insurance penetration and its critical role in increasing financial wellbeing, it is important to understand the insurance purchase behaviors of Indians particularly women. There are several issues that are of interest, the level of financial literacy and awareness, the level of social influence in the purchase decision, understanding the motivations behind the purchase and understanding whether the existing insurance providers are meeting the needs of the consumer. So, this research work is aimed to explore the relative association in between the literacy for insurance and the purchase decision of working women. This is the primary motivation for this study. Research Methods: Universe of research work was the working women of public and private institutions of different organized sectors, but in order to conquer the research limitations may taken place just because of the wider geographical scope, the geographical scope for the present research was restricted up to the organized public and private sector institutions of Rajasthan, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Gujarat states of India. The responses derived from the duly filled questionnaires received from 2034 women working in different institutional setups were encoded and statistically analyzed to determine their literacy for insurance as motivating factor which drive them to purchase insurance. Testing of the significance or insignificance of the hypotheses was statistically performed through Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) Regression Test with Standard Errors (S.E.). Statistically it was confirmed that the relative a Experiential Conclusions: ssociation between the sector (Public and Private) of organization with which working women is associated and insurance literacy determinants significantly affect the working women's insurance purchase decisions and attitude. The empirical results drawn helped to recognize that there is peer need to work on developing effective insurance literacy interventions which can be driven through individual knowledge and skill and insurance company interventions.
ABSTRACT
O presente artigo apresenta os resultados advindos de um estudo exploratório, de abordagem qualitativa, que buscou analisar as diferenças percebidas, bem como as estratégias de influência utilizadas, por homens e mulheres ao longo das etapas do processo de decisão de compra conjunta de um imóvel. Para o alcance dos objetivos, os autores optaram por realizar a coleta de dados junto a dez casais sujeitos da amostra conciliando a abordagem indireta (técnicas projetivas) com a abordagem direta (entrevistas em profundidade). Analisando-se os resultados obtidos, destaca-se que as mulheres tendem a associar a compra e o consumo com sentimentos de preocupação e solicitude narcisista, enquanto os homens relacionam ao desejo de escolha e de domínio. No que tange as estratégias de influência empregadas, identificou-se que as mulheres valem-se da emoção e os homens do maior conhecimento que dizem ter sobre o assunto (especialista).
This article presents the results from an exploratory research, with qualitative approach, that investigates the perceived differences and the influence strategies used by men and women throughout the stages of the buying decision in a joint property. To achieve the objectives, the authors chose to collect the data from ten couples subjects of the sample reconciling the indirect approach (projective techniques) with the direct approach (in-depth interviews). Analyzing the results obtained, says that women tend to associate the purchase and consumption with feelings of worry and concern narcissistic Regarding the influence strategies employed, we found that women avail themselves of the emotion and the men of greater knowledge that they have on the subject (expert).
Este artículo presenta los resultados de un enfoque exploratorio, cualitativo que investiga las diferencias percibidas y las estrategias de influencia utilizadas por los hombres y mujeres en todas las etapas de la decisión de compra de una propiedad conjunta. Para lograr los objetivos, los autores optaron por recoger los datos de los sujetos de la muestra de la conciliación de las parejas el enfoque indirecto (técnicas proyectivas) con el método directo (en las entrevistas en profundidad). Analizando los resultados obtenidos, dice que las mujeres tienden a asociar la compra y el consumo con la inquietud y preocupación narcisista, mientras que los hombres se relacionan con el deseo de la elección y el poder. En cuanto a las estrategias de influencia empleadas, se encontró que las mujeres hagan uso de la emoción y los hombres de mayor conocimiento que tienen sobre el experto en la materia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Behavior , Economics , Gender Identity , Spouses/psychology , Decision Support Techniques , Interpersonal RelationsABSTRACT
A pesar del interés por estudiar el comportamiento de compra de minorías étnicas, gran parte de las investigaciones se centran en los inmigrantes y no en los pueblos originarios indígenas, de importancia en Chile y América. Considerando el aumento de las importaciones de alimentos en Chile, se determinó la importancia del país de origen en la decisión de compra de carne bovina en personas de distinta etnia en las Regiones de La Araucanía y Metropolitana (Chile), a través de una encuesta personal a 400 mapuches y 400 no mapuches. Mediante análisis conjunto se determinó que el país de origen fue levemente menos importante que el precio (44,4% y 55,6%), sin diferencias significativas según etnia, pero se detectó un posible efecto etnocentrista regional. Utilizando análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos, se distinguieron dos perfiles principales de consumidores: el grupo mayoritario (62.5%), asignó mayor importancia al precio, mientras el segundo grupo (28.1%) dio superior relevancia al origen. Los segmentos presentaron diferencias según la región de residencia, grupo socioeconómico y persona que compra los alimentos. Por tanto, los resultados de esta investigación permitieron concluir que la importancia del país de origen como atributo en el proceso de decisión de compra de carne bovina no se encuentra asociado al origen étnico del consumidor, considerando el principal pueblo indígena de Chile, los Mapuche, pero si con la región de residencia.
Despite the interest in studying the purchase behaviour of ethnic minorities, the majority of investigations concentrate on immigrants and not on indigenous local peoples, which are of importance in Chile and the rest of America. Considering the increase in food imports into Chile, a personal survey was carried out of 400 mapuche and 400 non mapuche persons to determine the importance of the country of origin in the purchase decision for beef in people of different ethnic groups in the La Araucanía and Metropolitan Regions (Chile). Conjoint analysis revealed that country of origin was slightly less important than price (44.4% and 55.6%), with no significant differences by ethnic group, but a possible regional ethno-centrist effect was detected. Using analysis of hierarchical conglomerates, two principal consumer profiles were distinguished: the majority group (62.5%) assigned greater importance to the price, while the second group (28.1%) assigned greater importance to the origin. The segments presented differences by region of residence, socio-economic group and person who purchases the food. Thus from the results of this research it may be concluded that the importance of the country of origin as an attribute in the purchase decision process for beef is not associated with the ethnic origin of the consumer, considering the principal indigenous people in Chile, the Mapuche, but it is associated with the region of residence.