ABSTRACT
RESUMEN Objetivo: Determinar las características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la estenosis hipertrófica de píloro en un hospital de Lima, Perú. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo correspondiente a los años 2013 al 2019, en el servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica del Hospital Docente Madre Niño "San Bartolomé". Se recolectaron datos de las historias clínicas con diagnóstico de estenosis hipertrófica de píloro. Resultados: Participaron un total de 59 pacientes, de los cuales 79,7 % fueron varones, 68,4 % primogénitos, con una media de edad de 31.3 +/- 13.6 días de nacido. 100 % presentó vómitos, 44,1 % reptación abdominal y solo 35,6 % presentó oliva pilórica palpable. Tiempo quirúrgico promedio 51.39 minutos, estancia hospitalaria promedio de 6.35, se presentó complicaciones mayores en un 13,6 %, con una mortalidad de 3,4 %. Conclusiones: Es importante el inicio precoz de la vía oral, así como el manejo postquirúrgico en estos pacientes para disminuir su estancia hospitalaria y el desarrollo de complicaciones ventilatorias posquirúrgicas.
ABSTRACT Objective: To determine clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in a hospital in Lima, Peru. Materials and Methods: A descriptive and retrospective study encompassing years 2013 to 2019 was performed in the Pediatric Surgery Service of San Bartolome Teaching Mother and Child Hospital. Data from clinical records of patients diagnosed with hypertrophic pyloric stenosis was collected. Results: Records from fifty-nine patients were obtained, 79% were male, 68.4% were first born, and their mean age was 31.3 ± 13.6 days. All patients (100 %) had vomit, 44.1% had abnormal abdominal movement, and only 35.6% had palpable pyloric olive. The average surgical correction time was 51.39 minutes, and the average hospital stay was 6.35 days, major complications occurred in 13.6% of all children, and the mortality rate was 3.4%. Conclusions: Early initiation of oral intake is important, as well as post-surgical management in these patients, in order to reduce their in-hospital stay and the development of post-surgical ventilatory complications.
ABSTRACT
Purpose To explore the value of Doppler ultrasound in the diagnosis of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (CHPS) by observing pylorus. Materials and Methods Sixyt-five children with CHPS diagnosed by ultrasound in Neonatology Department of Guangzhou First People's Hospital from 2006 to 2015 were retrospectively analyzed. CHPS group and 50 infants in control group were examined by Doppler ultrasound to observe the features of blood flow distribution and blood flow grading, and Doppler spectrum analysis was performed to observe contrast agent passing through pyloric canal. Results The difference of the thickness of muscular layer and mucous layer, and that of the long diameter and inner diameter of pyloric canal in CHPS group and control group all suggested marked statistical significance (P<0.01); the blood flow grading in muscular layer and mucous layer between the two groups showed statistical significance (t=13.33 and 18.77, all P<0.01). The blood flow velocity in muscular layer of CHPS group was (16.96±0.91) cm/s, resistance index (RI) 0.68±0.33, inner diameter of pyloric canal (1.98±0.33) mm. Conclusion Doppler ultrasound enables us to grasp the distribution and grading of blood flow of pylorus as well as the condition of contrast agent passing through pyloric canal, in which way the degree of pyloric stenosis can be evaluated by combining indexes such as Vmax and RI, and an objective basis for clinical choice of treatment can be provided, possessing high application value.
ABSTRACT
Purpose To explore the significance of stomach full acoustic imaging in the diagnosis of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (CHPS). Materials and Methods 44 cases of CHPS children underwent gastrointestinal filling acoustic contrast imaging, diameter and mucous layer thickness of the front and rear walls of the pyloric tube were measured, the contrast agent flow between the pyloric lumen gaps was observed. Results With the backdrop of the ultrasound contrast agent, delicate structure of the stomach and pyloric mucosa could be more clearly observed, it was shown that muscular layer in the middle of pyloric tube was thickest and mucosal layer edema and thickening was more obvious near the antrum;internal diameter of pyloric tube was (1.95±0.35) mm;first pass time of the contrast agent through the pyloric tube:within 5 min in 16 cases, 5-10 min in 19 cases, while clear pass through still could not be observed by 20 minutes in 9 cases;during the 20 minutes observation, contrast agent passed through the pyloric tube for 5 times or more in 13 cases, 1 to 5 times in 22 cases, while 9 cases showed no obvious pass. Conclusion Stomach full acoustic imaging enables clearly and detailed observation of the structural characteristics of the pyloric tube and hydrodynamic manifestation of the stomach liquid when passing through the tube, thus is significantly important for surgical treatment and efficacy evaluation.
ABSTRACT
Introducción: La estenosis hipertrofia de piloro es una patología frecuente en edades tempranas. Afecta recién nacidos y lactantes pequeños . Algunos factores de riesgo son sexo masculino, grupo sanguíneos O positivo, uso de macrólidos en embarazo. El diagnóstico se realiza con una adecuada historia clínica y exploración física. Se describen síntomas como vómitos persistentes , pérdida de peso, deshidratación. El diagnóstico se confirma mediante ultrasonografía. El tratamiento en su gran mayoría es quirúrgico, siendo el pronóstico satisfactorio. Objetivo: Describir las principales características epidemiológicas , clínicas , laboratorio, diagnóstico y tratamiento y posibles complicaciones de estos pacientes. Materiales y método: Estudio retrospectivo que incluyó todos los pacientes egresados con diagnóstico de estenosis hipertrófica de píloro, desde el periodo 2005 al 30 de junio 2010 atendidos en el Hospital del Niño. Se recogieron datos mediante formulario de informe prediseñado. Resultados: Se incluyeron 53 pacientes con una media de edad de 5.2 semanas. Se encontraron en su mayoría pacientes de sexo masculino. Las principales manifestaciones clínicas fueron vómitos, disminución de peso, deshidratación. El examen diagnóstico de elección fue el ultrasonido. Todos los pacientes fueron manejado de forma quirúrgica . No se reportaron complicaciones en los pacientes. Discusión: Es una de las principales causas de cirugía en niños pequeños. El avance en el conocimiento de las manifestaciones clínicas llevan a un diagnóstico eficaz y temprano. La historia clínica y la exploración física son la herramienta principal en el diagnóstico ayudado con herramientas tecnológicas como la ultrasonografía por su alta sensibilidad, especificidad y bajo costo. El tratamiento quirúrgico es curativo con complicaciones infrecuentes y buen pronóstico a largo plazo.
Introduction: Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis is a common disease at early ages. It affects newborns and infants. Some risk factors are male sex, blood group O positive, macrolide use in pregnancy. The diagnosis is made with appropriate history and physical examination. We describe symptoms such as vomiting, weight loss dehydration. The diagnosis is confirmed by ultrasonography. Treatment is mostly surgical prognosis remains unsatisfactory. Objetive: To describe the main epidemiological , clinical , laboratory, diagnostic, treatment and possible complications in these patients. Materials and methods: Retrospective study included all patients discharged with the diagnosis of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis, from the period 2005 to June 30, 2010 treated at the Hospital del Niño. Data were collected using pre-designed report form. Results: 53 patients with a mean age of 5.2 weeks. Found mostly male patients. The main clinical manifestations were vomiting, weight loss, dehydration. The diagnostic test of choice was the ultrasound. All patients were managed surgically. There were no complications in patients. Discussion: It is a major cause of surgery in young children. The progress of knowledge in understanding the clinical findings lead to effective early diagnosis. The clinical history and physical examination is the main tool n the diagnosis helped with technological tools such as ultrasound for high sensitivity, specificity and low cost. Surgical treatment is curative with rare complications and good long-term prognosis.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the value of high-frequency ultrasound and X-ray barium meal examination in diagnosis and typing diagnosis of congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis(CHPS).Methods High-frequency ultrasound and X-ray barium meal examination were made in newborns with present symptom of vomiting,and comparison was made between the two examine methods.Retrospective analysis was made in 29 cases confirmed by surgical operation.Control normal group included twenty healthy newborns.Results In 29 CHPS cases,the diagnostic accordance rate of ultrasound was 1 00%.And the diagnostic accordance rate of X-ray barium meal examination was 93.1%(27/29).In all those CHPS cases,the length of pyloric canal were≥18 mm,the diameter of pyloric canal were≥14 mm,the wall thickness of pyloric canal were≥4 mm,the stenosis inside diameter were≤6 mm by ultrasound;in X-ray barium meal examination,the length of pyloric canal were≥20 mm,the inside diameter were≥7 mm,and there was significant difference in comparison with control group(P＜0.01).The CHPS was classified into two groups as mild stenosis and severe stenosis according to the inside diameter and the wall thickness of pyloric canal.The mild type showed the wall thickness was＞4 mm and≤6 mm,the inside diameter was＞3 mm;The severe type showed the wall thickness was＞6 mm,the inside diameter was≤3 mm or obliterate.Conclusions High-frequency ultrasound has significant clinical application value in diagnosis and subtype diagnosis of CHPS,it is an easy,reliable and safe examination method.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the short-term effect and safety of endoscopic pyloromyotomy for congenital hypertrophic pyioric stenosis(CHPS).Methods Twelve infants,including 8 boys and 4 girls,mean age(57.5±14.4)days,who were diagnosed as CHPS,underwent endoscopic pyloromyotomy by using an ultra-thin gastroscope.Incisions were made from the duodenal to the antral side of the pylorus by an endoscopic electrosurgical sphincterome or a needle knife.Results These 12 patients underwent 13 endoscopic operations.Vomiting ceased in 1-10 days in 11 cases,of which one patient's vomiting was recurrent 35 days after the first procedure,which was improved 10 days later after another endoscopic operations.Another one did not stop vomiting because of cytomegalovirus hepatitis,whose symptoms were relieved after secondary treatment.No complications were observed except for minor melena in one case after the therapy.Conclusion Endoscopicall pyloromyotomy in CHPS is effective and safe in short-term follow-up.