ABSTRACT
Fundamento: la promoción del bienestar y el mantenimiento de una buena calidad de vida resultan fundamentales en enfermedades crónicas tendentes a la dependencia como la demencia. Objetivo: exponer los criterios fundamentales acerca de la calidad de vida en las personas con demencia. Métodos: se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en Infomed en las bases de datos SciELO y PUBMED, con los descriptores calidad de vida y demencia. Se utilizaron 29 referencias para realizar la revisión. Desarrollo: se revisó el término calidad de vida, sus orígenes y definiciones, así como la introducción de calidad de vida asociada a la salud como concepto. Se analizó la controversia en torno a la calidad de vida de las personas con demencia en diferentes estadios y los principales instrumentos existentes para medirla. Conclusiones: existen importantes desafíos en el estudio de la calidad de vida en la demencia, tanto en el terreno teórico como en el metodológico. Se cuenta ya con instrumentos creados específicamente para el estudio de la calidad de vida en estos pacientes, aunque la gran mayoría no cuenta con un modelo teórico común. El reto está en continuar mejorando las medidas específicas de calidad de vida en la demencia con el objetivo de crear un instrumento válido para todas las fases de la demencia, basado en un marco conceptual único de calidad de vida.
Background: the promotion of well-being and the maintenance of a good quality of life are essential in chronic diseases that tend to dependence like dementia. Objective: to present the fundamental criteria about the quality of life in people with dementia. Methods: a bibliographic review was made in Infomed, specifically in SciELO and PUBMED data bases with the descriptors quality of life and dementia. Twenty-nine references were used to make the review. Development: the term quality of life, its origins and definitions, as well as the introduction of this term associated to health as a concept, were reviewed. The controversy around the quality of life of people with dementia in different stages and the main instruments to measure it, were analyzed. Conclusions: there are significant challenges in the study of quality of life in dementia, in both theoretical and methodological fields. There are many instruments specifically created for the study of quality of life in these patients, although most of them do not have a common theoretical model. Continuing improving the specific measures of quality of life for dementia with the objective of creating a valid instrument for all the stages of the disease, based on an only conceptual framework of quality of life, is the challenge.
ABSTRACT
Objetivo: Conhecer a qualidade de vida antes e após a cirurgia bariátrica. Métodos: Estudo transversal e prospectivo que incluiu 16 obesos que se submeteram à cirurgia bariátrica. O instrumento de pesquisa foi o Whoqol-bref traduzido e validado para língua portuguesa. Os dados foram coletados antes e após a cirurgia bariátrica. Para a análise dos dados utilizou-se o Software SPSS 19.0 com aplicação do teste Mc Nemar para amostras relacionadas, considerando-se como significativo p<0,05. Resultados: Antes da cirurgia, 25% consideraram a qualidade de vida e saúde ruim ou muito ruim, mostrando-se insatisfeitos. Depois da cirurgia, todos avaliaram a qualidade de vida e satisfação com a saúde como boa ou muito boa. Os percentuais encontrados em relação aos sentimentos negativos melhoraram; observou-se que 62,5% manifestaram não ter mais, ou apenas sentir algumas vezes, sentimentos negativos. Conclusão: Os resultados mostraram que a qualidade de vida, saúde, sentimentos, satisfação e capacidade de realizar coisas melhoraram após a cirurgia bariátrica. .
Objective: Knowing the quality of life of obese patients before and after bariatric surgery. Methods: A cross-sectional and prospective study that included 16 obese patients who underwent bariatric surgery. The survey instrument was the Whoqol-bref translated and validated for the Portuguese language. Data were collected before and after the bariatric surgery. The SPSS 19.0 was used for data analysis with application of the McNemar's test for related samples, considering p<0.05 significant. Results: Before surgery 25% of participants considered their quality of life and health as bad or very bad, showing dissatisfaction. After surgery, all assessed their quality of life and satisfaction with health as good or very good. The percentages found in relation to negative feelings were better; it was observed that 62.5% did not express negative feelings anymore or only sometimes had these feelings. Conclusion: The results showed that the quality of life, health, feelings, satisfaction and ability to do things has improved after bariatric surgery. .