ABSTRACT
The prescription Qifuyin is composed of traditional Chinese herbal medicines,Ginseng Radix et Rhi- zoma,Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata,Angelicae Sinensis Radix,Atractylodes Macrocephalae Rhizoma Tostum,Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Praeparata Cum Melle,Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Polygalae Radix Praeparata,and Qifuyin is used to treat dementia in clinic. In order to clarify the chemical components contained and lay the foundation for further exploring pharmacodynamic substances in Qifuyin,this paper summarizes and analyzes research results on the chemical components of 7 individual herbs and the whole Qifuyin prescription in the past 10 years,and discusses the relationship of components between the 7 individual herbs and the whole prescription. The results showed that there were 1227 components in 7 herbs,including 594 volatile oils,232 triterpenes,136 organic acids,96 flavonoids,56 glycosides,23 alka- loids,21 amino acids,18 coumarins,16 saccharides,14 steroids,13 oligosaccharide esters and 5 other compounds. There were 154 components in Qifuyin,including 67 triterpenes,23 oligosaccharide esters,11 volatile oils,10 glyco- sides,9 alkaloids,9 organic acids and 3 other compounds. There are obvious differences in the types and quantities of chemical components in Qifuyin and related single herb.
ABSTRACT
Qifu-Yin (QFY), a widely used formula of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) derived from "Jingyue Quanshu", is one of the most commonly used TCM prescriptions for the clinical treatment of Alzheimer disease. The role of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and its receptor RAGE have attracted increasing attention as the pivotal role of Aβ has been questioned. The present study was designed to test the neuroprotective effects of QFY, and the possible mechanism in AGE-induced Alzheimer model rats. After injection of AGE in the CA3 area of the hippocampus, QFY (8.6, 4.3, and 2.15 g·kg(-1)), and a positive control drug donepezil (2 mg·kg(-1)) were administrated through gastric intubation to rats once daily for thirty consecutive days. Another positive control group was the AGE + anti-RAGE group, which was simultaneously injected with anti-RAGE antibody before AGE treatment. The control group, sham-operated group, as well as the AGE + anti-RAGE group received saline at the same dosage. The Morris water maze test and the step-down passive avoidance test were conducted to evaluate the cognitive function of the rats. The expression of RAGE and NF-κB were assayed by immunohistochemical staining. The levels of Aβ, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampus were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that QFY could significantly attenuate the memory impairment induced by AGE, decrease the expressions of RAGE and NF-κB, and reduce the levels of Aβ, TNF-α, and IL-1β in the hippocampus in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the blockage of RAGE could significantly reduce the impairments caused by AGEs. In conclusion, QFY could attenuate AGEs-induced, Alzheimer-like pathophysiological changes. These neuroprotective effects might be related to the RAGE/NF-κB pathway and its anti-inflammatory activity.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Alzheimer Disease , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , Amyloid beta-Peptides , Metabolism , Anti-Inflammatory Agents , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Brain , Metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Pharmacology , Therapeutic Uses , Glycation End Products, Advanced , Interleukin-1beta , Metabolism , Learning , Magnoliopsida , Memory Disorders , Drug Therapy , Metabolism , NF-kappa B , Metabolism , Phytotherapy , Plants, Medicinal , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products , Receptors, Immunologic , Metabolism , Signal Transduction , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha , MetabolismABSTRACT
Objective To observe the effects of Qifuyin on learning and memory ability and expression of somatostatin in hippocampus on Alzheimer’s disease (AD) rats. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group, sham operation control group, model group, donepezil group and Qifuyin group. The AD model was established by microinjection of A?1-42 into the bilateral hippocampus. The learning and memory ability of rats were evaluated with a series of tasks to find a hidden platform in Morris Water Maze. The expression levels of somatostatin in hippocampus were measured by immunohistochemical SP techniques. Results In the place navigation test, the mean escape latencies of the model group was obviously increased compared with sham operation control group (P