ABSTRACT
Maillard reaction is a non-enzymatic browning reaction which is ubiquitous in the food industry and processing of Chinese materia medica (CMM). Maillard reaction can not only change the color and aroma of CMM, extend the shelf life of CMM, but also produce new active substances in CMM. In addition, a small amount of toxic and harmful substances such as 5-hydroxymethylfurfural and advanced glycation end-products produced by Maillard reaction have been given increasingly attention. It is of great significance to control the quality of CMM by changing the reaction temperature, time, potential of hydrogen, adding inhibitors, and anti-oxidants to regulate Maillard reaction. This paper reviews the general situation of Maillard reaction research and its research progress on the quality and regulation of CMM, and provides a reference for further research on the regulation of Maillard reaction for the quality control of CMM.
ABSTRACT
Chinese materia medica (CMM) is a complex system, which has characteristics of multiple components, diversity efficacy, and unpredictable relation among components, etc. Thus, constructing the quality evaluation and quality control model based on multi-disciplinary and multi-source information fusion is an innovative research idea for quality standards of CMM. The quality control system should been fully established to cover quality integrity and efficacy specificity of CMM based on the core concept of quality marker. Traditional quality assessment methods based on characteristic feature, chemical analysis including multiple chemical components and elementary substances, and biological evaluation were integrated by data fusion methods in this system. The correlation of the organic and elemental components with the specific effects should be established in order to verify the material basis. Finally, the Q-markers (including potential elemental Q-markers) with unique characteristics relevant to specific effect were analyzed and defined. The integrated quality indexes of Q-markers relevant to specific effect were calculated. This proposed integrated quality control system based on multi-source information fusion methods would enrich and perfect the quality evaluation of CMM.
ABSTRACT
The value system of the protection system for varieties of Chinese materia medica (CMM) has the characteristics of times and development, which is adjusted with the growth of CMM industry. In the early stage of the system, improving the quality of CMM and promoting the allocation of CMM resources and implement the right to health are the main aims of the system. In the background that the aims have almost come to true, and the system has the potential to develop as a special protection system for intellectual property right of CMM, we may make “to protect the interests of related obligee and encourage the inheritance and innovation of CMM” and “to promote the variety development and improve the quality of the varieties, increase the social welfare of the public” as the new and main purposes, which will lay a theoretical foundation for the design of intellectual property protection mechanism of the protection system for varieties of CMM.
ABSTRACT
The quality of Chinese materia medica (CMM) is the lifeline of Chinese medicine industry. However, many problems are still found in the quality study on CMM, which restricts the healthy development of Chinese medicine industry to a certain extent. Aiming at the problems existing in the quality research on CMM, the research idea, method and approach of quality marker research and quality evaluation of CMM were put forward based on systematic analysis and discussion on the basic properties and clinical features of CMM according to the core concept of quality marker and the combination of research practice, from the perspective of transmission and traceability of quality elements, the relationship between chemical composition and traditional efficacy containing "drug property" and "drug function", composition analysis of endemicity based on pharmacophylogenetic study and biosynthetic approach. Finally, a new integrated mode of CMM quality evaluation and control was established.
ABSTRACT
The EU is a key export market of Chinese materia medica (CMM). Following "The Traditional Herbal Medicinal Products Directive" (2004/24/EC) of EU, the UK enacted the restriction law on the sales of traditional herbs, which made the sales of CMM more difficult in the EU market. The prime reason is that the production or registration of CMM is difficult to meet the standards of the EU relevant technical regulations. In particular, the excess of heavy metals in CMM becomes a very serious problem which has not only influenced its quality and reputation but also has hindered the CMM to the world. By means of analyzing the relevant directives and standards of heavy metals in herbal management of EU, we analyze the impact of the UK ban on CMM exports in depth, and propose the countermeasures of CMM companies, so we can accelerate the internationalization of CMM.
ABSTRACT
In recent years, the application and authorization number of the Chinese materia medica (CMM) patents are increasing year by year. With the quantity of CMM patents increasing, a series of problems in patent quality accompanied. Such as poor quality of application documents of CMM patents, no enough in technology innovation of CMM patents, and not so good for the marketing operation of CMM patents, all of them seriously affect the development of CMM patents industry. So we should fight to improve the quality of CMM patents which will enhance the competitiveness of CMM industry in China by promoting technology innovation, improving the quality of patent agency, promoting the ability of patent examination, and perfecting patent aid policy.
ABSTRACT
Based on entirety visual angle, the quality recognization of Chinese materia medica (CMM) was discussed in three aspects including material medica attributes, biological connotation and chemical substance. Through empirical studies, investigative technique method and systemic appreciation system of quality control of CMM were suggested from determination of species and habitat-field and intra-field sampling-locus sampling-determination of effective parts-material basis research of effective parts-metabolism research of active constituents-quality evaluation and determination of quality control index-sample processing method-analysis and testing method-data sorting method-quality evaluating method. The technical methods and evaluation system of CMM quality could be constructed.