ABSTRACT
This study shows an experimental spillover infection of Sigmodontinae rodents with Rio Mamore hantavirus (RIOMV). Necromys lasiurus and Akodon sp were infected with 103 RNA copies of RIOMV by intraperitoneal administration. The viral genome was detected in heart, lung, and kidney tissues 18 days after infection (ai), and viral excretion in urine and faeces began at four and six ai, respectively. These results reveal that urine and faeces of infected rodents contain the virus for at least 18 days. It is possible that inhaled aerosols of these excreta could transmit hantavirus to humans and other animals.
Subject(s)
Animals , Hantavirus Infections/virology , Orthohantavirus/physiology , Rodent Diseases/virology , Sigmodontinae/virology , Disease Models, Animal , Viral LoadABSTRACT
In the Americas, hantaviruses cause severe cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS) with a high fatality rate. Hantavirus infection is commonly diagnosed using serologic techniques and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. This paper presents a novel plaque reduction neutralisation test (PRNT) for detecting antibodies to Brazilian hantavirus. Using PRNT, plaque detection was enhanced by adding 0.6% of dimethyl sulfoxide into the overlay culture medium of the infected cells. This procedure facilitated clear visualisation of small plaques under the microscope and provided for easy and accurate plaque counting. The sera from 37 HCPS patients from the city of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil was evaluated for the Rio Mamoré virus (RIOMV) using PRNT. Six samples exhibited neutralising antibodies; these antibodies exhibited a low titre. The low level of seropositive samples may be due to fewer cross-reactions between two different hantavirus species; the patients were likely infected by Araraquara virus (a virus that has not been isolated) and RIOMV was used for the test. This assay offers a new approach to evaluating and measuring neutralising antibodies produced during hantavirus infections and it can be adapted to other hantaviruses, including viruses that will be isolated in the future.
.Subject(s)
Humans , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome/diagnosis , Neutralization Tests/methods , Antibodies, Viral/immunology , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay , Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome/virology , Orthohantavirus/growth & development , Orthohantavirus/immunology , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , Sensitivity and Specificity , Viral Plaque AssayABSTRACT
The inventory of fish species of the río Mamoré sub-drainage in the Bolivian Amazon is far from being complete. This article informs about a small scale species inventory in the close vicinity of the town Santa Ana del Yacuma (drained by the río Yacuma, a left side tributary of the río Mamoré). Sampling four habitat types, 615 fish specimens belonging to 101 species were collected. Four species were reported for the first time from the río Mamoré sub-drainage: Aphyocharax rathbuni, Apistogramma erythrura, Apistogramma similis and Hyphessobrycon elachys. Differences in species composition among sampled habitats stress the importance of including a high number of collecting sites across biotic and abiotic environmental gradients to reliably survey species diversity.
Aún no se tiene completo el inventario de los peces de la sub-cuenca del río Mamoré en la Amazonía. Este articulo incluye un inventario al nivel regional en las proximidades de la ciudad Santa Ana del Yacuma (sub-cuenca del río Yacuma, río Mamoré). En cuatro tipos de hábitat, 615 especímenes perteneciendo a 101 especies fueron coleccionados). Cuatro especies fueron registrados en la sub-cuenca del río Mamoré por la primera vez: Aphyocharax rathbuni, Apistogramma erythrura, Apistogramma similis y Hyphessobrycon elachys. Diferencias entre los hábitats en la composición de especies indican la importancia incluir un gran número de sitios de colecta a través de gradientes de ambientes bióticos y abióticos para un registro fiable de la diversidad de especies.
ABSTRACT
Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n., collected from the nasal cavities of Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) in the Mamoré River, Rondônia State, Brazil, is described. This is the first time that a species from the genus Brasergasilus has been collected in the nasal cavities. This new species is the only one that has a spine on the first segment of the antenna, a simple seta on the basipodites of the first three pairs of legs and one pair of vestigial legs (leg 5 ) on the sixth thoracic somite.
Brasergasilus mamorensis sp. n. é descrito. Foi coletado das fossas nasais de Hydrolycus pectoralis (Guenther, 1866) no rio Mamoré, Estado de Rondônia, Brasil. Esta é a primeira vez que uma espécie do gênero Brasergasilus é coletada parasitando as fossas nasais de seu hospedeiro. A nova espécie é a única que apresenta um espinho no primeiro segmento da antena, uma seta simples nos basipóditos dos três primeiros pares de pernas e um par de pernas vestigiais (perna 5) no sexto somito torácico.