Aspects épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutifs de la tuberculose multifocale à N'djamena / Epidemiology, Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Multifocal Tuberculosis in N'djamena

Introduction. La tuberculose est dite multifocale (TMF) lorsqu ́il y a l ́atteinte d ́au moins deux sites extra pulmonaires non contigus associée ou non à une atteinte pulmonaire. Cette étude avait pour but d'étudier les aspects épidémiologiques, diagnostics et évolutifs de la TMF au service de pneumo-phtisiologie du CHU-RN de N'Djamena. Matériels et méthode. Il s'agissait d'une étude rétrospective à visée descriptive de 5 ans allant de janvier 2018 à décembre 2022. Les variables étudiées étaient, épidémiologiques, cliniques et évolutives. Résultats. Au total, 185 patients étaient inclus sur 2001 cas de tuberculose, soit une fréquence de 9,24%. L'âge moyen était de 34,1 ans avec des extrêmes de 16 ans et 75 ans. Le sex-ratio était de 1,28. Les patients sans-emploi étaient majoritaire soit 47% des cas. La notion de contage tuberculeux représentait 13,5% des cas, et 66,5% des patients étaient vaccinés au BCG avec une séroprévalence VIH de 54,6%. Tous les signes habituels de la tuberculose étaient présents. La localisation pulmonaire était la plus représentée (66,2%) suivie de la localisation ganglionnaire (48,6%). Dans 80% des cas, la localisationétait bifocale. La mortalité était de 21,6% pour un séjour moyen d'hospitalisation de 20,26 jours. Conclusion. La tuberculose multifocale est une forme rare et grave, qui survient généralement chez les patients infectés par le VIH, mais le sujet immunocompétent peut être aussi touché. Un traitement antituberculeux doit être instauré le plus rapidement possible afind'éviter les complications

Introduction. Tuberculosisis called multifocal (TMF) when there is involvement of at least two non-contiguous extrapulmonary sites, whether or notassociated with pulmonary involvement. This study aimed to study the epidemiological, diagnostic and evolutionary aspects of FMT in the pneumo-phthisiology department of the CHU-RN of N'Djamena. Materials and method. This was a 5-year retrospective study with a descriptive aim from January 2018 to December 2022. The variables studied were epidemiological, clinical and progressive. Results. In total, 185 patients were included out of 2001 cases of tuberculosis, i.e. a frequency of 9.24%. The average age was 34.1 years with extremes of 16 and 75 years. The sex ratio was 1.28. Unemployed patients were the majority, i.e. 47% of cases. The notion of tuberculosis contagion represented 13.5% of cases, and 66.5% of patients were vaccinated with BCG with an HIV seroprevalence of 54.6%. All the usual signs of tuberculosis were present. The pulmonary location was the most represented (66.2%) followed by the lymph node location (48.6%). In 80% of cases, bifocal localization. Mortality was 21.6% for an average hospital stay of 20.26 days. Conclusion.Multifocal tuberculosis is a rare and serious form, which generally occurs in patients infected with HIV, but immunocompetent subjects can also be affected. Anti-tuberculosis treatment must be started as quickly as possible to avoid complications.

Correlation of IL36RN and CARD14 mutations with clinical manifestations and laboratory findings in patients with generalised pustular psoriasis

Background: Generalized pustular psoriasis (GPP) is a chronic disease associated with genetic factors related to mutations of the interleukin 36 receptor antagonist gene (IL36RN) and the caspase recruitment domain 14 gene (CARD14). However, the relevance of these mutations to the clinical features and severity of GPP remains unclear. Aims: Our objective was to correlate the presence of IL36RN and CARD14 mutations with the clinical and laboratory findings in patients with GPP. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in 64 subjects with GPP. Clinical manifestations were recorded and the severity was graded as mild, moderate, or severe. Routine laboratory tests were performed and blood samples were collected for Sanger sequencing. The clinical data of patients were compared among the different mutation groups. Results: The two main variants of IL36RN were c.115+6T > C (p.Arg10ArgfsX1) and c.227C > T (p.Pro76Leu). The major CARD14 mutations were c.2458C > T (p.Arg820Trp), c.1641C > T (p.Arg547Ser), and c.1753G > A transitions. Provocative factors were uncommon in the group with both IL36RN and CARD14 mutations. Drugs (unspecified), especially herbals, were the most common triggers. A history of psoriasis was frequent in patients with only CARD14 mutations, but fever was uncommon. The c.1641C > T mutation was associated with leukocytosis > 15000/mm3 and the c.1753G > A mutation was associated with hypoalbuminemia <3.8g/dL. Both the c.115+6T > C and c.227C > T variants of IL36RN were associated with fever ?38.5°C while the c.115+6T > C variant was also associated with geographic tongue. No gene mutations were associated with the total severity and severity grades. Limitations: Four patients without the two major IL36RN mutations were excluded from the study. Conclusion: The presence of IL36RN and CARD14 mutations were associated with a history of psoriasis, various provocative factors, fever, leukocytosis, hypoalbuminemia, and geographic tongue. Further studies to explore the role of these mutations in therapeutic efficacy and disease outcomes are necessary.

Study on influencing factors associated with the analysis of 226Ra gamma spectra / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective:To measure the influencing factors associated with the analysis of 226Ra gamma spectra in order to obtain more acurate and precise measuring result on a basis of further optimizing the gamma spectrometry method for 226Ra activity. Methods:A laboratory-based HPGe gamma spectrometer was used to carry out the studies on tracking measurement of sample sealing time, measurement of background fluctuation with lead shielding, analytical method, and selection of characteristic gamma ray energy peak of its daughter nuclides in 226Ra measurement. Results:After the sample was sealed for 12 d, the decay products of 226Ra- 222Rn basically reached equilibrium. The day and night fluctuations of 222Rn in the shielded lead room were obvious but had no obvious regularity. The way of filling nitrogen into the shielded lead room could reduce or avoid the influence of background fluctuations. For 31 soil samples measured after 23 days of sealing, the result of using the efficiency curve method showed that the 226Ra result calculated from the 351.9 keV energy peak were generally higher than the 609.3 keV energy peak, and the higher ratio ranged from 8.0% to 20.7%. The result of relative comparison method showed that the deviation ratio of the two peaks ranged from -4.1 % to 10.3 %. Conclusions:It is recommended to consider the uncertainty attributed from decay equilibrium about 4 % of measured at 12 d after the sample is sealed. When filling nitrogen through the shielded lead chamber to avoid background fluctuations, attention must be paid to the matching relationship between the volume of the lead chamber and the nitrogen filling flow. When the efficiency curve method is used to analyze the activity of 226Ra, the 214Bi ( 609.3 keV ) energy peak has the effect of cascade coincidence addition, so 214Bi(609.3 keV) energy peak should be avoided. When the relative comparison method is used to analyze the activity of 226Ra, both two energy peaks of 214Pb ( 351.9 keV ) and 214Bi ( 609.3 keV ) can be used.

Research progress of deficiency of interleukin-36 receptor antagonist and cutaneous sterile pustulosis / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Cutaneous sterile pustulosis is categorized as a non-infectious and non-follicular impetigo, with a low prevalence and difficulty in the treatment.Deficiency of interleukin(IL)-36 receptor antagonist (DITRA) is an auto inflammatory disease featured by the decreased interleukin-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) activity caused by IL36 RN mutation.Functional or structural defects of IL-36Ra increase the secretion of inflammatory and pro-inflammatory factors by keratinocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells.Upregulation of IL-36 receptor agonists induce type 17 helper T lymphocytes to secrete IL-17, which is essential for the onset of multiple subtypes of aseptic pustulosis.Research on the relationship between DITRA and cutaneous sterile pustulosis is important for developing targeted therapies.

A scoping review on factors affecting the NCLEX-RN performance of internationally educated nurses

@#PURPOSE: This scoping review aims to describe the factors affecting the National Council Licensure Examination-Registered Nurses (NCLEX-RN) performance of internationally educated nurses (IEN). BACKGROUND: The United States relied heavily on IEN to help address the nursing shortage. However, IEN face challenges in passing the NCLEX-RN with almost half failing the NCLEX-RN the first time. There is a lack of studies on IEN, in general, and factors affecting their NCLEX-RN performance, in particular. METHOD: A literature review of IEN NCLEX-RN studies from 1994 to 2020 was conducted. The Preferred Reporting for Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) was used to describe the search process. FINDINGS: Based on the review of the available literature, the most commonly identified factors affecting IEN NCLEX-RN performance include proficiency with the English language, differences in nursing education, and unfamiliarity with the NCLEX-RN. Language, country of nursing education, healthcare experience, support system, the Commission on Graduates of Foreign Nursing Schools certification exam, (CGFNS CE), and time-lag between graduation or initial licensure and NCLEX-RN are statistically significant predictors of NCLEX-RN performance. CONLUSION: Individual, academic, and environmental factors influence IEN NCLEX-RN performance. Identifying these factors can help in designing individual and multi-level interventions to assist IEN to pass the NCLEX-RN.

Effects of RN-1734 injection into hypothalamus PO/AH region on increase of rat body temperature induced by progesterone / 中国药理学通报

Aim: To verify the involvement of transient receptor potential vanilloid 4 (TRPV4) in the process of progesterone induced body temperature rise in female rats during their sexual cycle. Methods: The body temperature and progesterone concentration at different stages of the normal female rats' sexual cycle were measured. The ovariectomized rats were given different doses of progesterone and their body temperature were measured. Female rats were administered with RN-1734, a specific antagonist of TRPV4 in the preoptic-anterior hypothalamus area (PO/AH) at the metestrus to observe the change of rats body temperature. Furthermore, RN 1734 was injected into the PO/AH area of ovariectomized rats which were preinjected with progesterone. The effect of progesterone on the body temperature of rats and the fluctuation of body temperature after blocking TRPV4 were observed. Results: There was a positive correlation between body temperature and progesterone doses in female rats at different stages of estrus cycle. In ovariectomized rats, different doses of progesterone were administered, indicating a dose-dependent increase in body temperature. RN- 1734 was injected to PO/AH 2 hours before the maximum body temperature on normal metestrus rats. It was observed that the increase range of body temperature decreased significantly after RN-1734 injection. This study also showed that RN-1734 significantly reduced the increase range of body temperature in ovariectomized rats administered with progesterone. Conclusions: The specific antagonist TRPV4 injected into the thermoregulation center could reduce the increase of body temperature in metestrus of normal rats, suggesting that TRPV4 may be involved in the process of the increase of rat body temperature induced by progesterone.

Validez y confiabilidad del instrumento "ICU RN-MD Questionnaire". Versión en español / Validity and reliability of the "ICU RN-MD Questionnaire" instrument. Spanish version

En el modelo de atención Centrada en el Paciente, la práctica colaborativa interprofesional es una estrategia clave que ha sido asociada con aspectos trascendentales de la calidad de atención en salud. Objetivo: Determinar la validez y confiabilidad de la versión en español del instrumento "ICU RN-MD Questionnaire" (Shortell, 1991). Diseño: Investigación es de tipo metodológico que incluyó las fases de traducción, retro traducción, validez facial, de contenido, constructo y pruebas de confiabilidad. Resultados, y conclusiones: el instrumento "ICU RN-MD Questionnaire", reportó, en cuanto a la validez facial, altos índices para las variables de comprensión, claridad y precisión; asimismo, el instrumento presentó altos índices de validez de contenido para pertinencia y relevancia por expertos y por ítem las cuales oscilan entre 0.84 a 1. En cuanto a la confiabilidad, se obtuvo una escala consistente y confiable con un alfa de Cronbach de 0.94. Así, este estudio aporta la validez de un instrumento con el cual puede medirse el trabajo colaborativo entre Enfermería y Medicina.

In the Patient Centered Care model, interprofessional collaborative practice is a key strategy that has been associated with important aspects of the quality of health care. Objective: To determine the validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the "ICU RNMD Questionnaire" instrument (Shortell, 1991). Design: research is of methodological type that included the phases of translation, retro translation, facial validity, content, and construct and reliability tests. Results and conclusions: the instrument "ICU RN-MD Questionnaire", reported, in terms of facial validity, high indices for the variables of comprehension, clarity and precision; Likewise, the instrument presented high content validity indexes for pertinence and relevance by experts and by items which range from 0.84 to 1. Regarding reliability, a consistent and reliable scale with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.94 was obtained. Thus, this study provides the validity of an instrument with which the collaborative work between Nursing and Medicine can be measured

Analysis of intercomparison results for radon-thoron discriminative detector / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

Objective To increase the cumulative measurement level of 222 Rn and 220 Rn and ensure the accuracy and reliability of the measurement result . Methods By using improved 222 Rn-220 Rn discriminative detectors ( LD-P detectors) , the radon research group of National Institute for Radiological Protection Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention participated with the intercomparison organized by National Institute of Radiological Science ( NIRS) , Japan. Specifically, with the 222 Rn-220 Rn discriminative detectors being sent to Japan, the comparison was completed under different conditions in the 222 Rn chamber and 220 Rn chamber in NIRS. After exposure, the detectors were sent back to our laboratory for etching and analysis, and then measurement result were informed to NIRS. Finally, NIRS returned the exposure reference values of 222 Rn and 220 Rn to our laboratory. Results Under the conditions of high and low levels of 222 Rn, the relative percentage differences ( RPD ) between the measured values and the reference value provided by the NIRS were -12. 0％ and -11. 8％, respectively, while coefficients of variation ( COV) were 3. 0％ and 6. 2％, respectively. Under the conditions of high level and low levels of 220Rn, the relative percentage differences (RPD) between the measured value and the reference value provided by the NIRS were -0. 8％ and -8. 0％, respectively; coefficients of variation ( COV ) were 6. 7％ and 4. 5％, respectively. Conclusions This intercomparison result were categorized by NIRS ( PRD<10％) , with the satisfactory result of LD-P detectors available.

Expression of lncRNA RN7SK in tissue samples from gastric cancer patients and its screening diagnostic value / 临床检验杂志

Objective To explore the expression of long noncoding RNA ( lncRNA) RN7SK and its screening value in clinical diagno-sis of gastric cancer. Methods The expression of lncRNA RN7SK in gastric cancer cells and paired gastric cancer tissues were meas-ured by qRT-PCR. The screening efficacy was detected by the receiver operating characteristic ( ROC) curve. Results The expression levels of lncRNA RN7SK in gastric cancer lines SGC-7901(3.91±0.53),MGC-803(3.44±0.29),HGC-27(4.04±0.87)and BGC-823 (4.30±1.13) were markedly higher than that in human gastric mucosal epithelial cell line GES-1, and the difference had statistical sig-nificance(1.02±0.27, t=12.33, 7.48, 7.20 and 4.90, P<0.05). The expression of RN7SK was up-regulated in 85.5％ (47/55) of gastric cancer tissues while down-regulated in the the other 8 tissues ( 14. 5％) . The area under ROC curve ( AUCROC ) of lncRNA RN7SK expression in gastric cancer patients was 0.827 and the 95％ confidence interval (CI) was from 0.746 to 0.907. When the cut-off value was 0.618, the sensitivity and specificity were 0.836 and 0.782 respectively. Conclusion The level of lncRNA RN7SK should be overexpressed in gastric cancer tissues so that it may have high screening efficacy and could be used as a potential molecular marker for the diagnosis of gastric cancer.

Establishment of retroviral vector inducibly expressing RN181 and its expression in hepatocellular carcinoma / 中华肝胆外科杂志

Objective To study the expression and biological functions of RN181 in SMMC7721 cells,the retroviral vector was constructed.Methods Gene cloning techniques were used to construct pRetrox-TRE3G/RN1S1 recombinant vector.The regulating plasmid pRetroX-TRE3G/RN181 or the response plasmid of pRetroX-Tet3G were respectively cotansfected into GP2-293 cells with Envelope Vector plasmid to package retrovirus after routine identification.Both viruses co-infected target cells SMCC7721,and then were selected by G418 to obtain stable cell lines.The stable cell lines were induced by doxycycline (DOX),and then verified by RT-PCR and Western blotting.CCK-8 was used to evaluate the effect of RN181 on growth of SMMC7721 cells.Results We constructed the recombinant plasmid.Stable recombinant plasmid were verified by screening.And there were significant differences of RN181 between the induced and uninduced cell lines through RT-PCR and Western blot.Conclusions We have successfully constructed the inducible stable RN181 expression SMCC7721 cell,which can be used as an effective cell model to study the biological functions of RN181.We found RN181 could suppress the proliferation and invasion in SMMC7721 cells in vitro.

Effects of Electro-Acupuncture at Zusanli, Guanyuan for Sepsis Patients and Its Mechanism through Immune Regulation / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the effect of electro-acupuncture on Zusanli (ST 36), Guanyuan (RN 4) in patients with sepsis, and explore its mechanism in term of immune regulation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this prospective randomized controlled trial, 60 patients with sepsis were randomly assigned to the control group and the intervention group equally by block randomization. Patients in the control group received routine treatment and those in the intervention group received electro-acupuncture at bilateral Zusanli and Guanyuan in addition to routine treatment, respectively. The mortality at 28 days, Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE)-II score were compared to evaluate the effect, and the levels of T cell subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) and monocytes of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR using flow cytometry were compared to explore the mechanism of this combined treatment.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Fifty-eight patients completed the trial with 29 in each group. There was no significant difference of mortality in the 28th day between the two groups, with 5 death of 29 patients in the intervention group (17.2%) and 9 of 29 in the control group (31.0%). After treatment, APACHE-II score of both groups was significantly decreased, however, score of the intervention group was lower than the control group (13.28±7.07 vs. 17.10±5.83; P<0.01). The levels of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+ and CD4+/CD8+ ratio of the intervention group improved after treatment and were higher than the control group (59.71%±11.94% vs. 52.54%±11.86%; 36.46%±7.60% vs. 31.58%±10.23%; 18.40%±8.82% vs. 23.07%±7.30%; 2.38±1.14 vs. 1.54±0.80, respectively; all P<0.05). The expression of HLA-DR significantly increased after treatment in the intervention group than that in the control group (7.28%±9.26% vs. 1.27%±7.00%; P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electro-acupuncture at Zusanli and Guanyuan could improve clinical curative effect in patients with sepsis, which might be achieved by regulation of the immune system.</p>

Pustular psoriasis:an update on genetics / 中华皮肤科杂志

Pustular psoriasis is not a rare inflammatory skin disease, and is characterized by sudden onset of generalized erythema and sterile pustules complicated by chills, high fever, neutrophilia and elevated levels of C?reactive protein. Due to frequent recurrence, it greatly impacts the quality of life in patients. Recently, it has been gradually found that IL36RN, CARD14 and AP1S3 mutations are associated with the occurrence of pustular psoriasis, and accordingly some new therapeutic approaches have emerged. This review summarizes recent advances in genetics of pustular psoriasis.

Monitoramento da radioatividade alfa relacionada ao radônio-222 em águas de poços da região metropolitana de Curitiba (PR) / Alpha radioactivity monitoring related to radon-222 in water from wells in metropolitan area of Curitiba (PR), Brazil

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar os níveis de concentração de radônio 222Rn em águas de poços da região metropolitana de Curitiba, Paraná. O trabalho apresenta os resultados das concentrações das medidas feitas em águas de poços da região. As concentrações de 222Rn nas amostras das águas de poços foram medidas por meio do monitor de radônio AlphaGUARD. Os cálculos das concentrações de atividade iniciais de radônio na água foram feitos a partir da curva de decaimento do 222Rn e do equilíbrio secular entre o 222Rn e o 226Ra, observados depois de 30 dias. Os resultados indicaram que cerca de 70% dos valores das concentrações de 222Rn ficaram acima do valor recomendado pela USEPA, de 11,1 Bq.L-1, representando risco radiológico causado por este radionuclídeo. O estudo de caso apresentado mostrou que medidas prévias de radônio são recomendadas para que um projeto de construção seja implementado. No caso em questão, observa-se que as concentrações de radônio diminuem cerca de 56% na primeira caixa d'água e 83% na segunda em relação ao poço. Esse fato mostra que as ações para mitigação de radônio são viáveis e não exigem grandes modificações nos sistemas usuais da construção civil.

This research objective was to assess the level of randon-222 concentration in well water of the metropolitan region of Curitiba, Paraná. Current work presents the results of indoor 222Rn activity ground water samples from artesian wells from aquifers of the region. The studies of radon activity in water were performed using the radon detector AlphaGUARD. The calculations of initial radon activity in water were done considering the 222Rn decay correction as well as equilibrium level of 222Rn and 226Ra observed after 30 days of measurements. Obtained results show that about 70% of measured activity levels of 222Rn are higher than the recommended value of 11.1 Bq.L-1, which represent the risk for the human health associated with this radionuclide. The case study showed that previous measurements of radon are recommended for a construction project is implemented. In this case, it is observed that the radon concentrations decrease about 56% in the first water tank and 83% in the second water tank over the well. This fact shows that the actions for mitigation of radon are viable and do not require major modifications to the usual systems of construction.

Clima, ambiente y satisfacción laboral: un desafío para la enfermería / Job climate, work environment and job satisfaction: challenge for nursing

Introducción: las condiciones del ambiente de trabajo, tienen una incidencia directa en la calidad del cuidado de enfermería que se brinda. Objetivo: sistematizar los conceptos clima, ambiente y satisfacción laboral en el área de enfermería. Método: revisión integradora de 40 artículos del año 2002 al 2012. La búsqueda se realizó en las bases de datos de acceso gratuito: CINAHL, PubMed, LILACS, ProQuest Nursing & Allied HealthSource, Scielo (Google Scholar). Las palabras clave de búsqueda fueron: enfermera, satisfacción laboral, ambiente laboral y clima laboral. Conclusiones: existen herramientas válidas y confiables para medir los términos estudiados, las cuales pueden ser complementadas con estudios en profundidad de las necesidades de los grupos evaluados, para así generar propuestas de mejoras en la calidad del empleo o trabajo de los grupos de enfermería en Latinoamérica(AU)

Introduction: The conditions of the work environment have a direct impact onthe qualityof nursing carethatis provided. Objetive: Deliveran integrative reviewofliteratureconceptsclimate, environmentandjob satisfaction inthenursingarena. Method: An integrative reviewof 40 articlesfrom 2002to 2012. Conclusions: There arevalid and reliable toolsto measurethe termsstudied, whichcan be supplementedwithin-depth studiesofthe needsof the groups evaluatedin order togenerate proposals forimprovementsinthe quality of employmentor work ofnursinggroupsin Latin America(AU)

Lesiones preneoplásicas gástricas en pacientes colombianos: asociación de polimorfismos genéticos interleucinas 1B-511, 1RN, 10-819, 10-1082, factor de necrosis tumoral-&alpha -308 y anticuerpos inmunoglobulina G hacia cagA de Helicobacter pylori / Pre-cancerous gastric lesions in Colombian patients: association with IL-1B-511, IL-1RN, IL-10-919, IL-10-1082, TNF-&alpha -308 genes polymorphisms, and anti-Helicobacter pylori cagA IgG antibodies

Objetivo: Evaluar la asociación de los polimorfismos de alguna de las citocinas más estudiadas en relación con el cáncer gástrico (IL-1B-511, IL-1RN intron-2-VNTR, TNF-α-308, IL-10-819 e IL-10- 1082) y la presencia de anticuerpos hacia la proteína cagA de Helicobacter pylori con las lesiones preneoplásicas gástricas en pacientes colombianos. Materiales y métodos: Se estudiaron 185 pacientes con lesiones preneoplásicas (gastritis atrófca, metaplasia intestinal y displasia), y 154 controles (gastritis no atrófica), provenientes de hospitales de una zona de riesgo alto y otra de riesgo bajo para cáncer gástrico. Se obtuvieron biopsias gástricas y muestras de sangre; la genotipificación de los polimorfismos se hizo por discriminación alélica usando PCR en tiempo real y por PCR convencional y electroforesis en agarosa (VNTR del intron 2 de IL-1RN); la serología de Helicobacter pylori y Helicobacter pylori cagA se determinó por ELISA. Se utilizó regresión logística multinomial en el análisis estadístico. Resultados: El genotipo IL-1B-511TT (odds ratio = 4,05; intervalo de confianza 95% 1,35-12,10) se asoció a metaplasia intestinal; no se observaron otras asociaciones entre los diferentes polimorfismos y las lesiones preneoplásicas. La infección por Helicobacter pylori cagA positivo se asoció a gastritis atrófica, metaplasia intestinal y displasia (OR = 2,66; 13,70; 40,29, respectivamente). Conclusión: Los resultados sugieren que entre los genotipos proinflamatorios el genotipo IL-1B-511TT estaría asociado a la metaplasia intestinal, y la serología de Helicobacter pylori cagA positivo sería un biomarcador útil para intervenir y prevenir la presencia de lesiones preneoplásicas. Se necesitan otros estudios con población colombiana que evalúen la asociación hallada de IL1B-511 con la metaplasia intestinal.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship of some of the most studied cytokines (IL-1B-511, IL-1RN intron-2-VNTR, TNF-a-308, IL-10-819, and IL-10-1082) with gastric cancer, as well as the presence of anti-Helicobacter pylori cagA IgG antibodies with pre-cancerous lesions in Colombian patients. Materials and methods: A study was conducted on 185 patients with pre-cancerous lesions (atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia), and 154 controls (non-atrophic gastritis), seen in hospitals in a high risk area, and another in a low risk area, for gastric cancer. Gastric biopsy specimens and blood samples were obtained. The genotyping of the polymorphisms was performed by allelic discrimination using real-time PCR, conventional PCR, and agarose electrophoresis (VNTR of IL-1RN intron 2). The serology of Helicobacter pylori and Helicobacter pylori cagA was determined by ELISA. A multinomial logistic regression was used in the statistical analysis. Results: The IL-1B-511TT genotype was associated with intestinal metaplasia (OR=4.05; 95% CI; 1.35-12.10). No other relationships were observed between the different polymorphisms and preimg/revistas/rcc/cancerous lesions. Infection due to a positive Helicobacter pylori cagA was associated with atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia (OR=2.66; 13.70; 40.29, respectively). Conclusion: The results suggest that, among the pro-inflammatory genotypes, the IL-1B-511TT would be associated with intestinal metaplasia, and that a positive Helicobacter pylori cagA serology could be a useful biomarker for the intervention and prevention of pre-cancerous lesions. Further studies are required in the Colombian population in order to evaluate the relationship found between IL1B-511 and intestinal metaplasia.

The gene polymorphism of IL-1B and IL-1RN intron 2 and their relationships with the progression of HCV-related liver diseases / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To study the characteristics of IL-1B-31/-511 single nucleotide polymor-phisms (SNPs) and the variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) in intron 2 of the IL-1ra gene (IL-1RN) in patients with HCV-related liver diseases .Methods The concentration of IL-1βand IL-1ra in serum sam-ples was measured by ELISA assay .The SNPs of IL-1B gene (-31C/T,-511C/T) from 310 cases with HCV infection and 324 unrelated healthy controls were determined by using gene chip analysis , and the results for some randomly selected specimens were compared with those by using polymerase chain reaction -restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCR-RFLP) assay.The VNTR polymorphism of IL-1RN intron 2 was ana-lyzed by PCR-RFLP assay.The serum level of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), an indicator of hepatocellu-lar injury, was detected by ROCHE cobas 8000 analyzer.HCV replication was measured by using specific fluorescence PCR .The genotypes of HCV were determined by direct nucleotide sequencing test .Results Compared with control group, the serum level of both IL-1β[(22.6 ±7.3) vs (13.7 ±4.2)] pg/ml and IL-1ra [(286.30 ±55.10) vs (185.55 ±48.32)] pg/ml were significantly increased in patients with HCV infection ( P0.05).The frequency of IL-1B-511TT genotype (P<0.05, OR=1.55, 95% CI =1.10-2.18) and IL-1B-511T allele (P<0.05,OR=1.31,95% CI=1.05-1.63) in patients with HCV infection were signifi-cantly higher than those in healthy controls .IL-1B-511C/T SNP showed a significant association with the outcomes of HCV infection (P<0.005).Compared with IL-1B-511CC and IL-1B-511CT, IL-1B-511TT was a major risk factor for mild and moderate Hepatitis C [ OR=2.17 ( 1.48-3.19 ) ] , severe Hepatitis C [OR=2.11(1.05-4.26)], cirrhosis [OR=2.98(1.77-4.99)] and HCC [4.33(2.16-8.67)].IL-1B-511 T allele was significantly associated with mild and moderate Hepatitis C [ 1.80 ( 1.38-2.36 ) ] , severe Hepatitis C [1.80(1.08-3.01)], cirrhosis [2.62(1.76-3.89)] and HCC [3.49(1.96-6.23)].The fre-quency of IL-1B-511T allele showed significant difference among each group (P<0.005).No association was found between any of the other polymorphisms and HCV infection .Conclusion The serum level of IL-1βand IL-1ra were significantly associated with HCV infection .IL-1B-511T allele in patients with HCV in-fection up-regulated the serum level of IL-1β.IL-1B-511TT and IL-1B-511T allele were major risk factors for mild and moderate Hepatitis C, severe Hepatitis C, cirrhosis and HCC, but IL-1B-511CC/C had oppo-site effects.

Clinical Efficacy and Related Influencing Factors of Jianpi Huatan Decoction Plus Zhongwan Moxibustion in Patients with Mild to Moderate Stable COPD / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of Jianpi Huatan Decoction plus Zhongwan (RN12) moxibustion on patients of mild to moderate stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with syndrome of qi deficiency of lung and spleen, and analyze the related influencing factors. Methods With prospective randomized clinical trial, 140 cases of mild to moderate stable COPD were randomized into two groups (70 cases for each group). Treatment group was treated by Jianpi Huatan Decoction plus Zhongwan moxibustion based on western medicine, and control group was only treated by western medicine. Both groups were treated for 12 weeks and followed up for 12 weeks. Scores of clinical symptoms and quality of life questionnaire were examined, and multiple logistic regression analysis was used to find possible impacting factors on the effect. Results Symptoms were significantly alleviated after treatment (P0.05). Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that different therapies and severity of COPD were the major influencing factors of clinical effect (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Jianpi Huatan Decoction plus Zhongwan moxibustion had significant therapeutic effect on mild to moderate stable COPD patients with syndrome of qi deficiency of lung and spleen by alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life. Treatment style and severity of COPD are the main influencing factors.

A new linear diterpene from stem barks of Aphanamixis polystachya / 中草药

Objective: To study the chemical constituents from the stem barks of Aphanamixis polystachya. Methods: The constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel, Sephadex LH-20, ODS column chromatography, and preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of their physicochemical properties and spectral data. Results: Three diterpenes were obtained from the ethanol extract of the stem bark of A. polystachya and identified as (2Z, 6E, 10E)-methyl 12, 14, 15-trihydroxy-3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethylhexadeca-2, 6, 10-trienoate (1), melidianolic acid A (2), and nemoralisin H (3), respectively. Conclusion: Compound 1 is a new linear diterpene named nemoralisin K, compound 2 is isolated from the plants of Aphanamixis Bl., and compound 3 is obtained from the species for the first time, respectively.

Relationship of IL-1 and TNF-α polymorphisms with Helicobacter pylori in gastric diseases in a Brazilian population

It is well known that the risk of development of gastric cancer (GC) in Helicobacter pylori-infected patients depends on several factors. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of proinflammatory cytokine gene polymorphisms for IL-1β, IL-1RN and TNF-α on the development of GC in a Brazilian population. A total of 202 biopsies obtained from Brazilian patients with chronic gastritis and GC were included in the study. Infection with H. pylori cagA+ was determined by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as previously described. IL-1β, IL-1RN and TNF-α polymorphism genotyping was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism PCR. Associations between gene polymorphisms, clinical diseases and virulence markers were evaluated using either the χ² test or the Fisher exact test. Our results demonstrated that the IL-1β -511 C/C and IL-1β -511 C/T alleles were associated with chronic gastritis in H. pylori-positive patients (P = 0.04 and P = 0.05, respectively) and the IL-1β -511 C/C genotype was associated with GC (P = 0.03). The frequency of IL-1RN alleles from patients with chronic gastritis and GC indicated that there was no difference between the genotypes of the groups studied. Similar results were found for TNF-α -308 gene polymorphisms. Our results indicate that the IL-1β -511 C/C and C/T gene polymorphisms are associated with chronic gastritis and GC development in H. pylori-infected individuals.

Eficacia y eficiencia de los surfactantes pulmonares en recién nacidos con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria en la unidad de cuidado intensivo neonatal de la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, enero de 2009 - abril de 2011 / Effectiveness and Efficiency of Pulmonary Surfactants in Infants with Respiratory Distress Syndrome at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation, January 2009 - April 2011 / Eficácia e eficiência do surfactante pulmonar em recém-nascidos com síndrome de desconforto respiratório na UTI neonatal da Fundação Cardiovascular da Colômbia, janeiro de 2009 – abril de 2011

Para estimar la eficacia y eficiencia de los surfactantes pulmonares utilizados en los recién nacidos con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria en la Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia sediseñó un estudio observacional, descriptivo. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de los recién nacidos hospitalizados allí entre enero de 2009 y abril de 2011 y se calcularon los indicadores de eficacia y eficiencia para cada surfactante. El medicamento más eficaz y eficiente para estos pacientes, cuando se analizaron datos globales, fue el survanta; su tratamiento requiere menos dosis, es más económico, genera menos días de estancia en unidad de cuidados intensivos y menos días de ventilación mecánica. Para algunos casos resultó ser más eficaz el infasurf que el survanta; causo menos extubaciones fallidas en recién nacidos con bajo peso y menos complicacionesdurante el tratamiento...

To estimate the effectiveness and efficiency of pulmonary surfactants used in infants with respiratory distress syndrome at the Colombian Cardiovascular Foundation, we designed an observational, descriptive study. We analyzed the medical records of newborns hospitalized in this institution between January 2009 and April 2011 and calculated the effectiveness and efficiency indicators for each surfactant. After analyzing aggregate data, we found that the most efficient and effective medication for these patients was Survanta. It requires fewer doses per treatment, is more economical, and generates fewer days in the intensive care unit and fewer days of mechanical ventilation. In some cases, however, Infasurf was more effective than Survanta, caused less extubation failure in infants with low birth weight and fewer complications during treatment...

Para estimar a eficácia e a eficiência dos surfactantes pulmonares utilizados nos recém- nascidos com síndrome de desconforto respiratório na Fundação Cardiovascular da Colômbia desenhouseum estudo observacional descritivo. Analisaram-se os protuários dos recém-nascidos internados entre janeiro de 2009 e abril de 2011 e foram calculados os indicadores de eficáciae eficiência de cada surfactante. O medicamento mais eficaz e eficiente para esses pacientes, quando analisados dados agregados, foi o survanta; seu tratamento requer doses menores, émais econômico, gera menos dias de estância na unidade de tratamento intensivo e menos dias de ventilação mecânica. Para alguns casos resultou mais eficaz o infasurf do que o survanta;causou menos extubações falhadas em recém-nascidos com baixo peso e menos complicações durante o tratamento...