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1.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 40(5)oct. 2023.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1521871

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La diarrea aguda continúa siendo una de las principales causas de morbilidad en niños; sin embargo, el diagnóstico etiológico presenta limitaciones dada la baja sensibilidad de los métodos tradicionales. Objetivo: Describir los microorganismos identificados en niños que acudieron al Servicio de Urgencia (SU) de un hospital universitario en Santiago, Chile, por diarrea aguda y a los que se le solicitó panel molecular gastrointestinal. Métodos: Se revisaron fichas clínicas y resultados de panel gastrointestinal realizados entre junio de 2017 y marzo de 2020. Resultados: Se incluyeron 198 pacientes, edad promedio de 54,5 meses y 60,6% (120/198) de sexo masculino. La positividad del panel fue de 78,8% (156/198) con 35,3% (55/156) de las muestras polimicrobianas. Se identificaron 229 microorganismos, de los cuales 72,9% (167/229) corresponden a bacterias, 25,8% (59/229) a virus y 1,3% (3/229) a parásitos. Destacaron Campylobacter spp. y Escherichia coli enteropatógena (ECEP) como las bacterias más frecuentemente identificadas. Los pacientes con detección de Campylobacter spp. presentaron con mayor frecuencia fiebre (p = 0,00). ECEP se aisló principalmente (82,5%) en muestras polimicrobianas. Discusión: Los resultados enfatizan el potencial que poseen los estudios moleculares para mejorar el diagnóstico etiológico de la diarrea, pero a la vez llevan a cuestionar el rol patogénico de algunos microorganismos identificados.


Background: Acute diarrhea continues to be one of the main causes of morbidity in children, however the etiologica diagnosis presents limitations given the low sensitivity of traditional methods. Aim: To describe the microorganisms identified in children who attended the emergency department (ED) in Santiago, Chile, due to acute diarrhea and to whom a gastrointestinal panel was requested as part of their study. Material and Methods: Clinical records and results of the gastrointestinal panel carried out between June 2017 and March 2020 were reviewed. Results: 198 patients were included, the average age was 54.5 months and 60.6% (120/198) were males. Positivity was 78.8% (156/198) with 35.3% (55/156) of the samples being polymicrobial. 229 microorganisms were identified, of which 72.9% (167/229) corresponded to bacteria, 25.8% (59/229) to viruses, and 1.3% (3/229) to parasites. Campylobacter spp. and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) were the most frequently identified bacteria. Patients with detection of Campylobacter spp. presented a higher frequency of fever (p = 0.00). EPEC was isolated in 82.5% of the cases in polymicrobial samples. Discussion: The results emphasize the potential of molecular studies to improve the etiological diagnosis of diarrhea and at the same time lead to question the pathogenic role of some microorganisms.

2.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2023 May; 71(5): 2324
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-225077

ABSTRACT

Background: Optic disc anomalies with abnormal tissue on the disc surface includes, myelinated nerve fiber, optic disc drusen, and Bergmeister papillae. Imaging the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network in optic disc anomalies with optical coherence tomography–angiography (OCTA) can give information on the RPC network in these conditions. Purpose: This video describes the OCTA of optic nerve head and RPC network using the angio disc mode in cases of optic disc anomalies with abnormal tissue on the disc surface. Synopsis: This video presents characteristic features of RPC network in one eye each of myelinated nerve fiber, optic disc drusen, and Bergmeister papillae. Highlights: OCTA in optic disc anomalies with abnormal tissue on the disc surface show a dense RPC microvascular network. OCTA is an effective imaging modality to study vascular plexus/RPC and their alteration in these disc anomalies

3.
Indian J Ophthalmol ; 2023 Mar; 71(3): 1058
Article | IMSEAR | ID: sea-224928

ABSTRACT

Background and Purpose: "Congenital cavitary optic disk anomalies" is a term used to include optic disk pit (ODP), optic disk coloboma, and morning glory disk anomaly (MGDA). Imaging the radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) network in congenital optic disk anomalies with optical coherence tomography?angiography (OCTA) can shed light on its pathogenesis. This video describes the OCTA findings of optic nerve head and RPC network using the angio?disk mode in five cases of congenital cavitary optic disk anomalies. Synopsis: The video presents characteristic RPC network alterations in two eyes of ODP, one eye of optic disk coloboma, and two eyes of noncontractile MGDA. Highlights: OCTA in ODP and coloboma shows absence of RPC microvascular network and a region of capillary dropout. This finding is in contrast to MGDA, where the microvascular network is dense. OCTA is an effective imaging modality to study vascular plexus and RPC and their alteration in congenital disk anomalies, which could provide information about the structural differences among them.

4.
Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University(Medical Sciences) ; (6): 271-274, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-1005755

ABSTRACT

【Objective】 To investigate the clinical effect of optical coherence tomography angiograph (OCTA) applied in retinal microvascular screening in patients with non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (NPDR). 【Methods】 Thirty patients with NPDR (NPDR group) diagnosed at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University and 30 healthy volunteers (control group) were selected to receive OCTA examination. The area, perimeter, and circularity of the fovea avascular zone (FAZ) were measured and blood flow density in the superior, inferior, nasal, temporal quadrants of the macular superficial retinal capillary layer (SCP) and the peripapillary radial capillary layer (RPC) of the optic disc were quantified. 【Results】 In NPDR group, blood flow density in the four quadrants of macular SCP and RPC were decreased significantly compared with that in control group (43.68±3.03 vs. 46.98±3.04, 42.79±3.17 vs. 50.45±2.25, 43.21±2.67 vs. 47.44±2.42, 44.21±3.22 vs. 51.72±5.32, 46.43±3.54 vs. 53.02±2.62, 45.97±3.67 vs. 52.53±2.82, 44.63±2.73 vs. 48.19±3.67, 41.73±3.15 vs. 45.12±3.31) (all P<0.01). The area and perimeter of FAZ in NPDR group were significantly higher than those in control group [(0.50±0.06 vs. 0.43±0.47) mm2, (3.10±0.21 vs. 2.87±0.22) mm]. The circularity of FAZ was significantly lower in NPDR group than in control group [(0.63±0.05 vs. 0.67±0.05)%, P<0.01]. 【Conclusion】 OCTA can detect early retinal microstructure changes in NPDR, and thus can be used as an auxiliary screening of NPDR to provide information for early diagnosis and treatment.

5.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 39(6)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1431707

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La meningitis bacteriana aguda (MBA) y la encefalitis son infecciones graves y el retraso en el tratamiento determina mayor morbimortalidad. En 2015 la FDA. aprobó un panel de RPC múltiple, BioFire® Filmarray® meningitis-encefalitis (FA-ME), que desde el 2019 se encuentra disponible en nuestro hospital. Objetivos: Estimar número de determinaciones positivas mediante FA-ME, evaluar concordancia con cultivo convencional (CC) y describir si FA-ME permitió realizar cambios en el tratamiento. Material y Métodos: Estudio retrospectivo, descriptivo, realizado durante 2019-2021 en el Hospital de Niños Pedro Elizalde. Se revisaron reportes de niños con meningitis, encefalitis y meningoencefalitis y líquido-cefalorraquídeo patológico a quienes se les realizó FA-ME. Resultados: Se incluyó a 32 niños, edad promedio: 48 meses. Fueron positivas 13 determinaciones de FA-ME: siete bacterias y seis virus. En dos MBA obtuvo desarrollo mediante CC. Con FA-ME se ajustó el tratamiento en dos MBA y se acortó el tratamiento intravenoso (IV). Discusión: Nuestro trabajo permitió conocer la etiología de cinco MBA con cultivo negativo, de las cuales dos habían recibido antimicrobianos, administrar quimioprofilaxis a contactos epidemiológicos, acortar el tratamiento IV y suministrar menos dosis de aciclovir; en concordancia con la literatura médica. Conclusiones: FA-ME permitió identificar la etiología en cinco MBA que no desarrollaron en CC, ajustar tratamientos empíricos inadecuados y acortar duración del tratamiento parenteral.


Background: Bacterial meningitis and encephalitis are life-threatening infections, a delay in its treatment is associated with high mortality. In 2015, FDA approved the Multiplex PCR FilmArray™ meningitis/encephalitis syndromic panel (FA-MEP), and it is available in our hospital since 2019. Aim: To estimate the number of positive FA-MEP, to evaluate the correlation to conventional culture (CC) results and to describe if the FA-MEP technology allowed changes in the treatment. Methods: Retrospective analysis of children with meningitis, encephalitis and meningoencephalitis and pathological cerebrospinal fluid analysis between 2019-2021, who were subject to FA-MEP testing at the Pedro Elizalde Children's Hospital. Results: 32 children, mean age: 48 months. 11 patients had positive FA-ME tests: 7 bacterial, 6 viral. 2 patients correlated with CC. Based on the FAMEP results, treatment was adjusted in 2 bacterial meningitis and the duration of intravenous treatment was shortened. Discussion: Our study allowed to establish the etiology of 5 culture negative bacterial meningitis, (2 had prior antibiotics), administer chemoprophylaxis to close contacts, and to administer fewer doses of acyclovir. Conclusions: The FA-MEP allowed us to identify 5 bacterial meningitis that tested negative by CC and early adjustment of inappropriate empirical antibiotics and to shorten the duration of parenteral treatments.

6.
Neotrop. ichthyol ; 17(1): e180032, 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | VETINDEX, LILACS | ID: biblio-1002706

ABSTRACT

The bluefish, Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766), was used as a species-specific model to study morphometric relationships between otolith size and relative growth variables. Length-weight relationships between Otolith (Length-OL, Height-OH, and Weight-OW) and fish measurements (Total Length-TL and Total Weight-TW) were determined for fishes captured monthly during the year 2015 off the southeastern coast of Brazil. The ANCOVA and Kruskal-Wallis analysis did not indicate significant differences in the relative growth constants between sexes and length frequency distributions (p > 0.05). The condition factor also did not present significant differences between sexes, and right and left otolith measurements (p > 0.05). A total of 398 specimens were sampled: TL = 43.6-67.0 cm, TW = 365-2400 g, OL = 9.65-15.25 mm, OH = 3.65 - 5.45 mm and OW = 0.03-0.11 g. The LWR for grouped sexes was TW = 0.050TL2.55 and otoliths OW = 6.17E-05OL2.59. The best adjustments were TL vs OL (r2 = 0.90); OL vs OW (r2 = 0.90); TW vs OW (r2 = 0.81); and TW vs OL (r2 = 0.80). These results showed that such relationships are helpful tools for predicting the fish size and weight from otoliths, which may be used in food habits and paleontology studies, and other fisheries management applications.(AU)


A anchova, Pomatomus saltatrix (Linnaeus, 1766), foi usada como modelo espécie-específico de relações morfométricas de otólitos e variáveis de crescimento relativo. As relações peso-comprimento entre otólito (comprimento-CO, altura-AO e peso-PO) e tamanho do peixe (comprimento total-CT e peso total-PT) foram determinadas para indivíduos capturados mensalmente durante o ano de 2015 na costa sudeste do Brasil. As análises de ANCOVA e Kruskal-Wallis não indicaram diferenças significativas para as constantes de crescimento relativo entre os sexos e distribuições de frequência de comprimento (p> 0,05). O fator de condição também não apresentou diferenças significativas entre os sexos, e medidas do otólito direito e esquerdo (p > 0,05). Um total de 398 espécimes foram amostrados: CT = 43,6-67,0 cm e PT = 365-2400 g. A RPC para peixes foi PT = 0.050CT2,55 e para os seus otólitos foi PO = 6.17E-05CO2,59, CO = 9.65-15.25 mm, AO = 3.65 - 5.45 mm and PO = 0.03-0.11 g. Os melhores ajustes foram observados para CT vs CO (r2 = 0,90); CO vs PO (r2 = 0,90); PT vs PO (r2= 0,81) e PT vs CO (r2 = 0,80). Os resultados mostraram que essas relações são ferramentas úteis na geração de estimativas de tamanho e peso dos peixes a partir dos otólitos, permitindo a sua aplicação em estudos em outras áreas, incluindo hábitos alimentares, paleontologia e manejo da pesca.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Perciformes/growth & development , Otolithic Membrane/anatomy & histology , Optimization of Sanitary Sewer Network
7.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 35(1): 36-40, 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899775

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción El diagnóstico de toxoplasmosis congénita (TC) en el recién nacido es muy importante porque debe recibir tratamiento siempre, sintomático o no, para evitar o aminorar las secuelas de la enfermedad. Objetivo Evaluación comparativa de los métodos disponibles en la institución para el diagnóstico de TC. Materiales y Métodos Se evaluaron métodos diagnósticos en 67 niños cuyas madres cursaron toxoplasmosis aguda durante el embarazo. Se utilizó la técnica de Sabin Feldman para IgG al nacimiento y durante el seguimiento serológico hasta el año de vida. Para determinar IgM, IgA e IgE se utilizó la técnica immunosorbent agglutination assay (ISAGA). El diagnóstico directo se realizó por reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC), aislamiento y caracterización molecular del parásito. Resultados La sensibilidad (S) de ISAGA IgM fue 87%, ISAGA IgA 91% y la especificidad (E) fue 100% para ambas; cuando se realizaron en conjunto, la S aumentó a 98%. La detección de IgE contribuyó al diagnóstico cuando se la detectó sólo en la sangre del neonato y no en sangre materna. Se aisló el parásito en cuatro casos de TC, uno fue genotipo II y los otros tres, genotipos "atípicos". La S del aislamiento fue 80% y la E 100%. Conclusión Los métodos serológicos utilizados mostraron una buena eficacia diagnóstica. Un caso fue detectado sólo por el aislamiento y la caracterización molecular tiene gran valor epidemiológico.


Background. Congenital toxoplasmosis diagnosis in the newborn is a very important issue due to the need for early treatment to prevent future sequels. Aim To compare available methods at the institution for the diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis. Material and Methods In this study we have evaluated the different diagnostic tests used in 67 congenital exposed newborns, including serological tests, PCR, parasite isolation and molecular characterization. Results The ISAGA IgM and IgA tests showed sensitivity (Se) of 87 and 91%, respectively, and specificity (Sp) of 100%. When ISAGA IgM and IgA were performed simultaneously, the Se increased to 98% and the Sp was 100%. The presence of IgE contributed to the diagnosis when it was detected in the child's serum but not in maternal blood. In four congenital infected children the parasite was isolated and genotyped: one was genotype II and the other three were "atypical" genotypes. No parasite was isolated in children without congenital toxoplasmosis. Discussion Overall, serological tests showed a good diagnostic performance although in one case they were all negative and isolation was the only tool to identify the infection. We conclude that it is essential to use all diagnostic tests in every single exposed child, including if possible, molecular characterization due to its epidemiological implication.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Pregnancy , Infant, Newborn , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Serologic Tests/methods , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/diagnosis , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Toxoplasma/genetics , Toxoplasma/pathogenicity , Immunoglobulin Isotypes/blood , Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/methods , Antibodies, Protozoan/blood , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/immunology , Toxoplasmosis, Congenital/parasitology , Reproducibility of Results , Sensitivity and Specificity , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/diagnosis , Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic/parasitology , Genotyping Techniques
8.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 35(1): 83-87, 2018. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-899780

ABSTRACT

Resumen La esporotricosis es la micosis subcutánea o por implantación más frecuente en México. Se comunica el caso de una esporotricosis cutánea-fija preauricular que simuló una celulitis bacteriana atípica, en una paciente anciana sin antecedente de traumatismo. La biopsia mostró un granuloma supurativo con presencia de levaduras escasas. En el cultivo se identificó Sporothrix schenckii que se confirmó por biología molecular. Se trató con itraconazol obteniéndose una curación clínica y micológica. Se presenta el caso de presentación atípica, proveniente de una zona semidesértica con clima extremo.


Sporotrichosis is the most common subcutaneous or implantation mycosis in Mexico. The case of a preauricular cutaneous-fixed sporotrichosis simulating atypical bacterial cellulitis is reported in an elderly patient with no history of trauma. The biopsy showed a suppurative granuloma with scarce yeast. Sporothrix schenckii was identified in the culture and confirmed by molecular biology. She was treated with itraconazole and a clinical and mycological cure was obtained. The case of atypical presentation is presented, coming from a semi-arid zone with extreme weather.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Aged, 80 and over , Sporotrichosis/pathology , Cellulitis/microbiology , Cellulitis/pathology , Ear Diseases/microbiology , Ear Diseases/pathology , Sporotrichosis/drug therapy , Sporothrix/isolation & purification , Biopsy , Treatment Outcome , Itraconazole/therapeutic use , Diagnosis, Differential , Ear Diseases/drug therapy , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use
9.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 34(1): 62-66, feb. 2017. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844446

ABSTRACT

Chagas disease (ChD), caused by the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, is an endemic anthropozoonosis in Latin America, linked to deficients socio-economic and cultural aspects and is considered one of the neglected tropical diseases. We report a fatal case of Chagas disease reactivation with central nervous system involvement in a patient with HIV infection, whose diagnosis was confirmed by positive PCR (polymerase chain reaction) test of blood, with treatment response efficiency with benznidazol and management and etiologic treatment was difficult due to limited number of antitrypanosomal drugs and the occurrence of frequent and serious adverse effects.


La enfermedad de Chagas, causada por el protozoo Trypanosoma cruzi, es una antropo-zoonosis endémica en Latinoamérica, vinculada con aspectos socio-económico-culturales deficitarios y considerada una de las enfermedades desatendidas. Presentamos un caso fatal de una reactivación de la enfermedad de Chagas con afectación del sistema nervioso central en un paciente con infección por VIH. El diagnóstico se confirmó por reacción de polimerasa en cadena (RPC) positiva en sangre. Tuvo una buena respuesta al tratamiento con benznidazol. Las dificultades en el manejo del tratamiento etiológico se debieron al número limitado de medicamentos antitripanosomiásicos y la aparición de efectos adversos graves.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Chagas Disease/diagnosis , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/diagnosis , Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections/diagnosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections/parasitology , Fatal Outcome , Central Nervous System Protozoal Infections/parasitology
10.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(5): 501-504, oct. 2016. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844399

ABSTRACT

Parainfluenza virus infections (PIV) were evaluated in patients with mild and severe infections through real time PCR. One thousand and sixty-seven samples were collected from subjects as follows: 233 adult renal transplanted outpatients, 129 children with congenital heart disease, 381 with adult hematopoietic stem cell patients and 324 hospitalized patients suspected of influenza A (H1N1) pdm09 infection. PIV was detected in 74 (6.9%) samples. VPI-3 was the most frequent (60.8%) and a higher risk was observed for older adults (p = 0.018) and for those who were hematopoietic stem cell transplanted. Further studies are needed to understand the VPI role in patients' at risk for developing serious illness.


Se evaluó la infección por virus parainfluenza (VPI) en pacientes con infecciones leves y graves mediante RPC en tiempo real. Se analizó un total de 1.067 muestras: 233 provenían de pacientes ambulatorios adultos receptores de trasplantes renales, 129 de niños con cardiopatía congénita, 381 de pacientes receptores de trasplantes de precursores hematopoyéticos adultos y 324 de pacientes hospitalizados con sospecha de influenza A (H1N1) pdm09. Se detectó VPI en 74 muestras (6,9%). Siendo VPI-3 el virus más frecuente (60,8%), se observó un mayor riesgo para los adultos mayores (p = 0,018) y para aquellos que fueron receptores de precursores hematopoyéticos. Son necesarios estudios adicionales para entender el papel del VPI en pacientes de riesgo para desarrollar enfermedad grave.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Immunocompromised Host/immunology , Paramyxoviridae Infections/immunology , Seasons , Severity of Illness Index , Brazil , Paramyxoviridae/isolation & purification , Retrospective Studies , Paramyxoviridae Infections/virology , Tertiary Care Centers
11.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 33(5): 505-512, oct. 2016. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-844400

ABSTRACT

Background: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) affect sexual and reproductive health of millions of men. Pathogens such as human papillomavirus (HPV), herpes simplex virus type 1 and 2 (HSV-1 y HSV-2), Chlamydia trachomatis,Mycoplasmagenitalium,Mycoplasma hominis and Ureaplasma urealyticum are associated with STIs. Aim: To detect pathogens associated with STIs in symptomatic men and its relationship with sexual behavior. Methodology: DNA was obtained from exfoliated cells of penis from 20 symptomatic men. Pathogens were detected using qPCR or PCR followed by reverse line blot. Sexual behavior was evaluated through a survey. Results: Two or more infectious agents were detected in 50% of samples. U. urealyticum was found in 25%, meanwhile C. trachomatis and M. hominis were detected in 15%. VHS-1, VHS-2 andM. genitalium were detected only in 5%. HPV was found in all samples. The most frequent HPV genotypes were VPH 16, 11, 70. There were no statistical link found between sexual behavior and the studied microorganisms Conclusion: Infectious agents associated with STIs were detected in symptomatic men. HPV was the most frequent pathogen and it was detected in multiple genotypes. It is necessary to increase the sample size to associate significantly the sexual behavior with the results.


Introducción: Las infecciones de transmisión sexual (ITS) afectan la salud sexual y reproductiva de millones de hombres. Patógenos como virus papiloma humano (VPH), virus herpes simplex (VHS-1 y VHS-2), Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Mycoplasma hominis y Ureaplasma urealyticum están asociados a ITS. Objetivo: Detectar patógenos asociados a ITS en hombres sintomáticos y relacionarlos con su conducta sexual. Metodología: Se obtuvo ADN de exfoliado celular del pene de 20 hombres sintomáticos de ITS. Los patógenos fueron detectados por RPC cuantitativa o RPC seguida de reverse line blot. La conducta sexual se evaluó mediante una encuesta. Resultados: En 50% de las muestras se detectaron dos o más agentes infecciosos; U. urealyticum fue detectado en 25% de los casos, mientras que C. trachomatis y M. hominis en 15%. VHS-1, VHS-2 y M. genitalium sólo en 5%. VPH se encontró en todas las muestras y los genotipos más frecuentes fueron VPH 16, 11, 70. No se encontró relación estadística entre los microorganismos estudiados y la conducta sexual de los encuestados. Conclusión: Se detectaron agentes infecciosos asociados a ITS en hombres sintomáticos, siendo VPH el más frecuente y encontrándose en múltiples genotipos. Es necesario aumentar el tamaño de muestra para asociar significativamente la conducta sexual a los resultados.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Young Adult , Sexual Behavior/statistics & numerical data , Ureaplasma/genetics , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/microbiology , Sexually Transmitted Diseases/virology , Chlamydia trachomatis/genetics , Herpes Simplex/genetics , Mycoplasma/genetics , Ureaplasma/isolation & purification , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification
12.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 31(6): 676-681, dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-734760

ABSTRACT

Background: Granulomatous lesions occur in tuberculosis (TB), other infections, toxic, allergic, and autoimmune diseases among others. In absence of a an acid-fast bacilli (AFB) confirmation of TB is necessary. Objective: To assess the efficacy of PCR for TB detection and to correlate with granuloma histology and AFB staining. Methods: We analyzed 380 fixed paraffin-embedded tissues (PETs) of granulomas with and without caseous necrosis; suppurative; sarcoidal; or of chronic nonspecific nature. Nested PCR-IS6110 for Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTB) and a nested pan-Mycobacterium for the hsp65 gene were used for Mycobacterium spp detection. Results: PCR was more sensitive than AFB staining for all five catageories of granulomas: G1: PCR 71%, AFB staining 28%. G2: PCR 37%, AFB 8%. G3: PCR 17%, AFB staining 7%. G4: PCR 8%, AFB staining 4%. G5: PCR 6%, AFB staining 0%. Conclusions: Molecular diagnosis of TB using PCR-based testing is a fast, efficacious and sensitive method that increased the accuracy of PET histological diagnosis associated with granulomatous lesions.


Introducción: Lesiones granulomatosas ocurren en tuberculosis (TBC), otras infecciones, condiciones tóxicas, alérgicas y autoinmunes, entre otras. Con baciloscopia negativa, es necesario confirmar el diagnóstico de TBC. Objetivo: Evaluar la eficacia de la RPC para detectar TBC comparado con baciloscopia en relación a la histología del granuloma. Métodos: Analisis de 380 tejidos fijados en formalina e incluidos en parafina (TFFP) con diferentes tipos de granulomas: con necrosis caseosa; sin necrosis caseosa; supurativo; sarcoidal; a cuerpo extraño/inespecífico. Utilizamos RPC anidada-IS6110 para detección del complejo Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) y una pan-RPC anidada-hsp65 para Mycobacterium spp. Resultados: La detección de TBC mediante RPC fue significativamente superior a baciloscopia en los cinco tipos de granuloma: G1: RPC 71%, baciloscopia 28%; G2: RPC 37%, baciloscopia 8%; G3: RPC 17%, baciloscopia 7%; G4: RPC 8%, baciloscopia 4%; G5: RPC 6%, baciloscopia 0%. Conclusión: El diagnóstico de TBC por RPC es un método rápido, eficaz y de gran sensibilidad, que aumenta la precisión del diagnóstico diferencial de lesiones granulomatosas de TFFP procesados rutinariamente en histopatología.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Young Adult , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Granuloma/microbiology , Mycobacterium tuberculosis/genetics , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Formaldehyde , Granuloma/diagnosis , Paraffin Embedding , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Staining and Labeling , Tissue Fixation
13.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 31(4): 385-392, ago. 2014. graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724807

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Pertussis, a vaccine-preventable respiratory disease, remains a public health problem. Objective: The goal of this study is to describe epidemiological and clinical patterns of B. pertussis-caused respiratory infection over the period 2006-2010 in Santa Fe, Argentina. Methods: Inpatients and outpatients < 14 years of age, meeting pertussis case definition criteria were included. Household family contacts of confirmed cases with compatible symptoms were also surveyed. Results: 1074 patients were evaluated, 102 (9.49%) were confirmed through PCR. The proportion of confirmed cases was: in 2006, 35.5%; 2007, 21.2%; 2008, 4.9%. In 2009 and 2010 no cases were detected. 94.2% of hospitalized patients and 42.8% of outpatients were less than six months of age. Of all patients, 67.6% required hospitalization as they had a moderate to severe illness. The length of stay for these patients was over six days. 27.5% had pre-existing medical conditions, the most frequent being prematurity and malnutrition. The outcome was severe in 23.1% of cases, all of whom hadn't started the vaccination schedule. Severe pulmonary hypertension was present in five patients. Fatality rate was 4.9%. Conclusions: Pertussis mainly affected children < 6 months, non-vaccinated or with less than 3 doses. The bacterium was also detected among adults and teenagers.


Introducción: Tos convulsiva es una enfermedad respiratoria prevenible por vacuna, que continúa siendo un problema de salud pública. Objetivo: Describir el patrón clínico y epidemiológico de la infección respiratoria por Bordetella pertussis durante el período 2006-2010 en Santa Fe, Argentina. Material y Métodos: Se incluyeron pacientes internados y ambulatorios menores de 14 años, que cumplieron con los criterios de definición de caso de coqueluche y los contactos de casos confirmados. Resultados: Se evaluaron 1.074 pacientes, 102 (9,49%) fueron confirmados por RPC. La proporción de casos confirmados fue: en 2006: 35,5%; 2007: 21,2%; 2008: 4,9%. En los años 2009 y 2010 no se detectaron casos. El 67,6% requirió internación con una duración de 6 días. El 94,2% de los pacientes hospitalizados fue menor de 6 meses y en los ambulatorios el 42,8%. El 27,5% presentaba condiciones médicas pre-existentes, siendo prematuridad y desnutrición las más frecuentes. La evolución de la enfermedad fue grave en 23,1% de los casos, los cuales no habían iniciado el calendario de vacunaciones. Se presentó hipertensión pulmonar grave en 5 pacientes. La letalidad fue de 4,9%. Discusión: La enfermedad afectó principalmente a lactantes < 6 meses, no vacunados o con menos de 3 dosis. La bacteria también se detectó entre adultos y adolescentes.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Humans , Infant , Young Adult , Whooping Cough/epidemiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine/administration & dosage , Risk Factors , Seasons , Severity of Illness Index , Whooping Cough/diagnosis
14.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 31(4): 425-433, ago. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-724813

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Human brucellosis diagnosis is based on isolation of Brucella spp. from blood or tissue cultures with a positivity rate of 40-70% and serology techniques are used as complementary tools; recently molecular biology diagnostic techniques have been developed intending to optimize the etiological confirmation. Aim: The main objective of this work was to compare the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), against serological diagnostic tests during the clinical follow-up of a family presenting brucellosis. Methods: Seven family members who lived in the urban area of Mexico City, were monitored using the Rose Bengal test, the agglutination test as well as agglutination with 2 mecapto ethanol, blood cultures and serum PCR for a period of 27 months. The suspected source of infection was fresh goat cheese from a known endemic zone. Results: Brucella melitensis was isolated from the blood cultures of two patients. All of the patients were positive in serological and PCR tests at the beginning of this follow-up. At the end of the study, three patients responded well to the treatment and showed negative results in the serological and PCR tests. While two patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, showed positive results in the serological and PCR tests as well as persistent symptoms. Conclusion: Clinical follow-up of patients with brucellosis is of great importance, to properly evaluate the given treatment. In this sense the PCR is a great supporting tool in diagnostic testing.


Introducción: El diagnóstico de brucelosis humana es difícil pues los cultivos de sangre y tejidos tienen un rendimiento limitado (40-70%) y usualmente se recurre a la serología como recurso complementario; últimamente se han desarrollado técnicas de biología molecular que intentan optimizar la confirmación etiológica. Objetivo: Comparar la reacción de la polimerasa en cadena (RPC) con las pruebas de diagnóstico serológicas en el seguimiento clínico de una familia con brucelosis. Métodos: Siete integrantes de una familia con brucelosis que habitaban la zona urbana de Ciudad de México fueron monitoreados mediante aglutinación con antígeno Rosa de Bengala, prueba de aglutinación, aglutinación en presencia de 2 mercapto-etanol, hemocultivos y RPC en suero durante 27 meses. La probable fuente de infección de los pacientes fue el consumo de queso fresco de cabra originario de una zona endémica. Resultados: Brucella melitensis se obtuvo del hemocultivo de dos pacientes. Todos los pacientes fueron positivos a las pruebas serológicas y al RPC al inicio del seguimiento. Tres pacientes respondieron bien al tratamiento y mostraron resultados negativos en serología y RPC al final del estudio. Mientras que en dos pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 la sintomatología fue persistente, serología positiva y RPC positivos al finalizar el estudio. Conclusión: El seguimiento clínico de pacientes con brucelosis es muy importante para valorar el tratamiento, en este sentido la RPC es una herramienta que puede apoyar a otras pruebas de diagnóstico.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Antibodies, Bacterial/blood , Brucella/genetics , Brucella/immunology , Brucellosis/diagnosis , Agglutination Tests , Brucellosis/drug therapy , Family Health , Follow-Up Studies , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rose Bengal , Sensitivity and Specificity
15.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 31(1): 54-65, feb. 2014. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-706547

ABSTRACT

Tick-borne rickettsioses are worldwide infectious diseases that are considered emerging and re-emerging. Until recently the only tick-borne rickettsiosis present in Latin America was Rickettsia rickettsii infection, but to date, with the incorporation of new tools as PCR and sequencing and the quick cellular close tube cultures (Shell-vial), new species has been involved as human pathogens. In these guidelines, we offer an update of the microbiological assays for diagnosing rickettsioses. Besides we have included a section in which the most important hard ticks involved in human rickettsioses in Latinoamerica are detailed.


Las rickettsiosis transmitidas por garrapatas son afecciones de distribución mundial, que por diferentes motivos se pueden considerar emergentes y reemergentes. Hasta hace escasos años la única rickettsiosis transmitida por garrapatas en Latinoamérica era la infección por Rickettsia rickettsii, pero en la actualidad y fundamentalmente, gracias a la incorporación de nuevas herramientas para el diagnóstico microbiológico como la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y secuenciación o el cultivo celular rápido en tubo cerrado, se han descrito e involucrado otras especies de Rickettsia en la producción de patología humana. En estas guías se detallan y describen las diferentes técnicas utilizadas para el diagnóstico microbiológico de las rickettsiosis. Además, se incluye una sección en la que se detallan las especies más importantes de garrapatas duras relacionadas con las rickettsiosis en Latinoamérica, con claves para su clasificación taxonómica.


Subject(s)
Animals , Humans , Arachnid Vectors/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/diagnosis , Rickettsia/classification , Tick-Borne Diseases/diagnosis , Ticks/microbiology , Cell Culture Techniques , Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect , Latin America , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Rickettsia Infections/microbiology , Rickettsia Infections/transmission , Rickettsia/isolation & purification , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/diagnosis , Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever/microbiology , Tick-Borne Diseases/microbiology , Ticks/anatomy & histology , Ticks/classification
16.
Salvador; s.n; 2014. 56 p. ilus, tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1000951

ABSTRACT

A candidíase é uma infecção oportunista provocada por diversas espécies de fungos do gênero Candida, frequentemente encontrados integrando a microbiota, da superfície cutânea, no trato gastrointestinal e cavidades mucosas do ser humano desde o seu nascimento. A incidência das infecções fúngicas sistêmicas têm aumentado consideravelmente nas últimas décadas em função do grande número de pacientes com SIDA, a grande quantidade de transplantes e condições crônicas como o câncer, a terapia prolongada com imunossupressores e o uso de agentes corticosteroides. Além disso, a exposição prolongada aos antifúngicos azólicos promove a seleção de patógenos resistentes. No presente estudo avaliou-se a atividade antifúngica do complexo Rutênio-pirocatecol (RPC) frente a um isolado clinico de Candida tropicalis resistente ao fluconazol. A metodologia empregada para os testes de susceptibilidade foi de acordo com o documento M27-A3 do National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2008). Esplenócitos de camundongos Balb/c foram obtidos de forma asséptica para avaliar a citotoxicidade do composto para células de mamíferos. O estresse oxidativo promovido pelo composto foi avaliado através da reação ao ácido tiobarbitúrico (TBARS) e ensaios de fluorescência com a sonda diclorodihidrofluoresceína diacetato (DCFH2DA). O Calcofluor White foi empregado para avaliar a integridade da parede celular. A análise ultraestrutural foi realizada através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura e transmissão. Os resultados encontrados para os testes de atividade antifúngica foram analisados através do teste estatístico ANOVA e pós-teste Dunnett. Os resultados encontrados para os testes de atividade antifúngica do RPC mostraram uma Concentração Inibitória de 50% (IC50) de 20,3 μM, enquanto em esplesnócitos a concentração efetiva de 50% foi de 325 μM mostrando um índice de seletividade igual a 16...


Candidiasis is an opportunistic infection caused by several species of fungi of the genus Candida, often found is the microbiota, on the skin, gastrointestinal tract and mucous cavities of the human beings birth. The incidence of systemic fungal infections have increased considerably in recent decades due to the large number of AIDS patients, the large number of transplants and chronic conditions such as cancer, prolonged therapy promotes the selection of resistant pathogen with immunosuppressant and corticosteroid agents. Also prolonged exposure azole antifungals to make them strong candidates for patients resistance. In the present study we evaluated the antifungal activity of Ruthenium-pyrocatechol complex (RPC) against a clinical isolate of Candida tropicalis resistant to fluconazole. The methodology for susceptibility testing was in accordance with the M27-A3 document of there National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, 2008). Splenocytes from Balb/c mice were obtained aseptically to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the compound to mammalian cells. Oxidative stress caused by the compound was assessed by reaction to thiobarbituric acid (TBARS) and fluorescence assays with the probe diclorodihidrofluoresceína diacetate (DCFH2DA). The Calcofluor White was used to evaluate the integrity of the cell wall. The ultrastructural analysis was performed by scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The results for the antifungal activity tests were analyzed using ANOVA and pos-test Dunnett test statistic. The results for the tests of antifungal activity of the RPC showed a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 20.3 μM while in splenocytes the 50% effective concentration was 325 μM showing a selectivity index of 16...


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens/analysis , Antigens/metabolism , Fluconazole , Fluconazole/analysis , Fluconazole/immunology , Fluconazole/chemical synthesis , Sirolimus , Sirolimus/analysis , Sirolimus/adverse effects , Sirolimus/supply & distribution
17.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 30(6): 611-615, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701708

ABSTRACT

Background: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted bacterial infection worldwide. Between 70 and 90% of women are asymptomatic, however, untreated and persistent infections can lead to the development of urethritis, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Aims: To determine C. trachomatis infection frequency in a group of women in Chile, using quantitative real time PCR (qPCR) and to compare the usefulness of endocervical and urine samples for C. trachomatis detection. Methods: 87 asymptomatic women aged 15-64 years were included. Every woman donated one endocervical sample and one urine sample. Detection and quantification of C. trachomatis was performed by qPCR. Results: Of 87 endocervical samples, the frequency was 11.49% (n = 10). Of these samples, 5 cases were found in women < 35 years old. About urine samples, 16 samples were positive (18.39%). Ten women < 35 years old yielded positive urine samples. Only four women had both samples positive for C. trachomatis (4.6%). There was no statistically significant relationship between age and C. trachomatis infection. Cryptic plasmid quantification was found between 3.55 - 96.050 copies/μL for endocervical samples and 7.22-633.1 copies/μL for urine samples. Conclusion: Estimated frequency of C. trachomatis in Chilean women was higher than previous Chilean studies. Both types of samples are complementary for screening and diagnosis strategies using sensitive techniques, because silent infection can be present in either urinary or genital tract or in both in women.


Introducción: La infección por Chlamydia trachomatis es la infección bacteriana de transmisión sexual más frecuente en el mundo. Entre 70 y 90% de las mujeres son asintomáticas; sin embargo, las infecciones sin tratar y persistentes permiten el desarrollo de uretritis, enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica, infertilidad y embarazo ectópico. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de infección por C. trachomatis en un grupo de mujeres chilenas, mediante RPC en tiempo real cuantitativa (qPCR) y comparar la utilidad de muestras endo-cervicales y de orina para la detección de C. trachomatis. Metodología: Participaron 87 mujeres asintomáticas (15-64 años). Cada mujer donó una muestra endo-cervical y una de orina. Se realizó detección y cuantificación C. trachomatis mediante qPCR. Resultados: La frecuencia de infección por C. trachomatis en muestras endo-cervicales fue de 11,49% (n: 10) y en muestras de orina de 18,39% (n: 16). El mayor número de casos se encontró en mujeres < 35 años. Sólo en cuatro mujeres se detectó C. trachomatis en ambas muestras (4,6%). La cuantificación de plásmido críptico se encontró en un rango 3,55 - 96.050 copias/μL. Conclusión: La frecuencia estimada de C. trachomatis fue más alta que en otros estudios chilenos. Ambos tipos de muestra deberían ser complementarias para estrategias de tamizaje y diagnóstico de C. trachomatis usando técnicas sensibles de detección, ya que la infección puede desarrollarse en el tracto genital y/o en el tracto urinario en mujeres.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolation & purification , Age Factors , Chile/epidemiology , Chlamydia Infections/diagnosis , Chlamydia trachomatis/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/analysis , Prevalence , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
18.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 30(6): 626-629, dic. 2013. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701711

ABSTRACT

Introduction: There is not known if a viraemia post-oral polio vaccine (OPV) is detectable by modern molecular techniques. Such viraemia could affect the performance of the real time-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for non polio enterovirus (EV) detection, technique of growing clinical use for the study of febrile infants. Objective: To determine viraemia post-first dose of OPV in healthy infants, by molecular techniques. Patients and Methods: 50 infants less than three months without previous VPO were randomized in 5 groups: a control group with pre-vaccination blood sample (BS), group 1 BS at day 2, group 2 BS at day 4, group 3, BS at day 6 and group 4, BS at day 8 post-vaccination. Conventional and specific PCR for poliovirus and real time PCR for non polio EV were performed in BS and in OPV samples. Results: No genetic material of poliovirus was detected in any infant, while in 9 of them (18%) non polio EV was identified. Real time PCR for EV did not amplify poliovirus from OPV samples. Discussion: Results suggest that no post VPO viraemia detectable by molecular methods exists. Considering that real time PCR for EV does not allow to identify polio virus, no false positives of the test are expected as a result of a recent VPO vaccination. We documented presence of non polio EV in blood of healthy asymptomatic infants.


Introducción: No existen estudios que indiquen si la vacuna polio oral (VPO) produce viremia detectable mediante métodos moleculares. Una eventual viremia podría afectar el rendimiento de la RPC tiempo real para detectar enterovirus (EV) no polio, examen de creciente uso clínico en lactantes pequeños con fiebre sin foco. Objetivo: Determinar viremia post VPO en lactantes sanos, por métodos moleculares. Métodos: 50 menores de 3 meses, al momento de recibir su primera VPO se distribuyeron en forma aleatoria en 5 grupos: control, muestra de sangre pre-vacunación; grupo 1, muestra al 2° día; grupo 2, al 4° día; grupo 3, al 6° día y grupo 4, al 8° día post-vacunación. Se realizó RPC convencional específica para virus polio y RPC tiempo real para EV no polio en las muestras de sangre y en muestras de VPO. Resultados: No se identificó presencia de material genético de virus polio en lactante alguno, mientras que en 9 (18%) se identificó presencia de EV no polio. La RPC tiempo real para EV no polio no amplificó material genético a partir de las muestras de VPO. Discusión: Los resultados sugieren que no existe viremia post-VPO detectable por métodos moleculares. Considerando que la RPC tiempo real de EV no polio de uso clínico no permite identificar la presencia de virus polio, estos hallazgos indican que no existirán falsos positivos de este examen como resultado de una vacunación VPO reciente. Adicionalmente se documentó presencia de EV no polio en sangre de lactantes asintomáticos.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Enterovirus/isolation & purification , Poliovirus , Poliomyelitis/prevention & control , Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral/immunology , Enterovirus B, Human/genetics , Enterovirus B, Human/isolation & purification , Enterovirus/genetics , Poliomyelitis/immunology , Poliovirus/genetics , Poliovirus/immunology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
19.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 30(4): 381-387, ago. 2013. ilus, graf, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-690526

ABSTRACT

Background: Escherichia coliis able to produce different infections in humans. It pathogenicity in the female genital tract is unknown. Objective:To determine the presence of virulence genes (VG) in E. colistrains isolated from the female genital tract. Material and Methods:146 E. colistrains isolated as monomicrobial cultures from vaginal infections were genetically characterized by search of hly, iucC, afa, fimH, neuC, sfa/foc, cnF1, papC, usp,and ibeAVG. Studies were performed by means PFGE and PCR. Results:Genetic analysis of the strains showed two groups with a similarity of approximately 80%. The similarity genetic intragroup was approximately 95%. The results showed strains with a high number of VG and the most common were cnf1andfimH.The afagene was not detected. Were identified eight VG combinations and the most common was papC+ hly+ iucC+ afa- neuC- fimH+ sfa/foc+ cnf1+ usp+ ibeA-. Discussion:The studied strains are concentrated in two genetic groups. Most of the strains contain a great number of VG present in E. coliisolated from extraintestinal infections. Conclusion:It is important to develop new research strategies in this area, to deepen the phylogenetic knowledge of these strains and confirm their true role in vaginal infection.


Introducción: Escherichia colies capaz de producir diferentes cuadros infecciosos en el ser humano. Su patogenicidad en el tracto genital femenino es discutible. Objetivo:Determinar la presencia de genes de virulencia (GV) en cepas de E. colide procedencia vaginal. Material y Métodos:146 cepas de E. coliaisladas desde infecciones vaginales a partir de cultivos monomicrobianos fueron estudiadas mediante EGCP y RPC. Los genes investigados fueron: papC, hly, iucC, afa, fimH, neuC, sfa/foc, cnf1, usp,e ibeA. Resultados:El análisis genético de las cepas demostró dos grupos con una similitud aproximada a 80% según Dice. La similitud genética intra-grupo fue aproximadamente de 95%. Los resultados mostraron cepas con un alto número de GV, siendo más comunes cnf1 y fimH.El gen afano fue detectado. Se determinaron ocho combinaciones de GV siendo la más común papC+ hly+ iucC+ afa- neuC- fimH+ sfa/foc+ cnf1+ usp+ibeA-. Discusión:las cepas estudiadas se concentran en dos grupos genéticos característicos y la mayoría de las cepas analizadas concentra un importante número de GV presentes en E. coliaisladas de infecciones extra-intestinales. Conclusión:Es importante desarrollar nuevas estrategias de investigación en esta área, que permitan profundizar el conocimiento filogenético de estas cepas y confirmar su verdadero rol en la infección vaginal.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology , Escherichia coli/genetics , Escherichia coli/pathogenicity , Vaginosis, Bacterial/microbiology , DNA, Bacterial/genetics , Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Genes, Bacterial/genetics , Phylogeny , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Virulence/genetics
20.
Rev. chil. infectol ; 29(3): 278-283, jun. 2012. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-645595

ABSTRACT

Objective: To compare the virulence genotype (cagA and vacA ml genes) of Helicobacter pylori obtained simultaneously from gastric mucosa and oral cavity. Material and Methods: Gastric samples of 18 patients were obtained by endoscopic biopsies. Oral samples of these patients were obtained from dental plaque and saliva swabs from the floor of the mouth and the base of the tongue. All samples were studied by conventional PCR and real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Virulence genes cagA and vacA ml were studied by RT- PCR. Results: According to presence and/or absence of cagA and vacAm1 genes, seven different combinations were observed. Conclusion: These results suggest that there is a variety of genetic profiles of Helicobacter pylori in the stomach and oral cavity, with a predominance of less virulent genotypes in the patients included in this study (cagA-, vacA m1-).


Objetivo: Comparar el genotipo de virulencia (genes cagA y vacA m1) de Helicobacter pylori, obtenido simultáneamente de mucosa gástrica y cavidad oral. Material y Métodos: Para esto se incluyeron muestras de biopsias gástricas de 18 pacientes. Las muestras orales de estos pacientes fueron obtenidas de placa bacteriana y saliva del piso de boca y base de la lengua. Las muestras fueron estudiadas con RPC convencional y RPC en tiempo real (RPC-TR). Los genes de virulencia cagA y vacA m1 fueron estudiados con RPC-TR. Resultados: De acuerdo a la presencia o ausencia de los genes de virulencia cagA y vacA m1 detectados en las muestras gástricas y orales, se pudieron diferenciar siete combinaciones diferentes. Conclusión: Estos resultados sugieren que existe una variedad de genotipos de virulencia en Helicobacter pylori en el estómago y la cavidad oral, predominando en los pacientes incluidos en este estudio las cepas con genotipos asociados a menor virulencia (cagA-, vacA m1-).


Subject(s)
Humans , Antigens, Bacterial/metabolism , Bacterial Proteins/metabolism , Gastric Mucosa/microbiology , Helicobacter pylori , Helicobacter Infections/pathology , Mouth/microbiology , Biopsy , Dental Plaque/microbiology , Genotype , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Helicobacter Infections/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/genetics , Helicobacter pylori/pathogenicity , Mouth/pathology , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction , Saliva/microbiology , Virulence
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