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ObjectiveTo present the health status of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） constitutions more intuitively and comprehensively based on improved radar chart. MethodsParticipants who completed a 26-week comprehensive intervention based on TCM constitution from February 2013 to January 2014 in Zhuhai branch of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine were included in the study. They were divided into groups according to gender and age， i.e. young， middle-aged， and elderly male and female groups. TCM constitution scale and health survey short form （SF-36） were used to evaluate the 9 basic TCM constitution types and quality of life at three time points， including pre-intervention （T1）， at 13-week intervention （T2）， and at 26-week intervention （T3）. The improved radar charts were drawn to visually present the comprehensive evaluation results on the health status of 9 TCM constitutions， and graphic features （area S value， perimeter L value） were extracted to construct a comprehensive health index for TCM constitutions （H value）. Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between H value and SF-36 total score. ResultsAmong the included 509 participants， there were 45 elderly male， 76 elderly female， 60 middle-aged male， 140 middle-aged female， 53 young male and 135 young female. The radar charts for comprehensive evaluation of TCM constitution health status showed that the total areas for all groups increased at T3 compared to T1， with the most significant increase in the young population. In the middle-aged population， the fan-shaped areas of certain constitutions decreased at T2 than T1. At T3， the radar chart shapes for females were more balanced than males in the same age group. By calculating the features of function graphs， it was found that the S， L， and H values for the elderly population were relatively higher than those for the middle-aged and young population with the same gender， and the young population increased by highest ratio. The values measured at T3 compared to T1 showed average increase of 26% for S value （11% for the middle-aged and 14% for the elderly）， 22% for L value （10% for the middle-aged and the elderly each）， and 22% for H value （10% for the middle-aged and 9% for the elderly）. The female had lower S and L values， as well as higher H value than the male of the same age group measured at T3. The correlation coefficient between the H value of all participants and the total SF-36 score was 0.662 （P＜0.01）. ConclusionThe comprehensive evaluation model for the health status of TCM constitution based on the improved radar chart constructed in this study can present the health status of TCM constitutions and intervention effectiveness more comprehensively and intuitively. It is suggested to regulate the constitution in pursuit of the dynamic balance of the constitution health status， as well as consider the parts from the whole， and put focus on the balance of nine TCM constitutions.
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Objective To evaluate the policy of human organ transplantation in China, aiming to provide theoretical basis for further optimizing the policy of human organ transplantation. Methods Based on text mining and statistical analysis, seven normative policies of human organ transplantation formulated by national government from 2000 to 2022 were quantitatively evaluated by constructing policy modeling consistency (PMC) with 10 first-level variables and 35 second-level variables. Results Among the seven policies, six were graded as excellent policies and one as perfect policy, with an average PMC index of 8.476. Except X8 policy audience, the scores of other second-level variables of P5 were higher than or equal to the mean. The scores of all second-level variables of P1 were lower than or equal to the mean. P1 and P5 significantly differed in X3 policy timeliness, X4 policy norms and X6 policy tools. P5 was more specific and relatively comprehensive in these aspects, and its score was significantly higher than that of P1. Conclusions Human organ transplantation policies in China are generally excellent, scientific and rational. Health administrative departments at all levels should pay attention to the grasp of policy timeliness, the combination of policy tools, and fully mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of all policy audience to participate in organ transplantation management when formulating organ transplantation policies.
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Radar uses electromagnetic waves to detect， track and locate objects at certain distances， which is widely used in military， meteorological， navigation and other fields. Radar emits electromagnetic waves outward and produces non-ionizing radiation， which may be considered as a physical occupational hazard. Epidemiological surveys found that long-term exposure to radar is associated with various adverse health effects， which may be correlated to transmitted power and frequency of radar， location of radar antenna， position of workers， and shielding effectiveness of cabins where work station is located. Based on radar frequency and electromagnetic radiation intensity， this study summarizes the health effects of radar on occupational population exposed to radar.
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BACKGROUND: At present, there are few reports on systematic evaluation/meta reevaluation of acupuncture for lumbar disc herniation through radar plot in and outside China, which are insufficient to provide references for clinical decision-making. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate systematic reviews/meta-analysis of acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation qualitatively and quantitatively by using the multiple evaluation thinking of radar plot so as to provide visual and scientific decision-making means for clinical practice and medical research. METHODS: Computer retrieval was performed in eight Chinese and English databases to collect data of systematic reviews/meta-analysis of acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. The retrieval time was from database establishment to August 2019. Moreover, the multiple evaluations were carried out from six dimensions, including publiscation year, research type, A Measurement Tool to Assess systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) 2 methodological quality score, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analys is (PRISMA) quality score, homogeneous, and publication bias risk so as to calculate average rank score. The quality of all included outcome indicators was graded using GRADE evidence quality assessment tools. Excel 2013 was used to draw and optimize the radar plot for intuitive analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: A total of 11 qualified studies were included. According to data extraction, the radar plot showed that the included 11 articles scored 6.95 in the quality of the average rank. Some issues were found such as item registration, structured abstract, search strategy, exclusion literature list, and publication bias. Grading of recommendations assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) evidence quality scores are low, with very low quality as the main reason. The literature quality of systematic reviews/meta-analysis of acupuncture in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation was not high. The methodological quality and reporting quality should be improved and continuously strengthened in order to further improve the quality of literature. As a visual and effective method of graphic evaluation, the radar plot can show the distribution of required data intuitively and concisely.
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OBJECTIVE： To estab lish the method for simultaneous determination of the contents of cyperotundone ， nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in the volatile oil of Cyperus rotundus ，compare the content differences of 4 components in C. rotundus samples from different origins ，and to provide reference for germplasm screening ，development and utilization of the medicinal material. METHODS ：The volatile oil was extracted from 46 batches of C. rotundus from 12 origins. The contents of cypermenone，nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in volatile oil were determined by HPLC. The determination was performed on Kromasil C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water （68∶32，V/V）at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min；the column temperature was 30 ℃；the detection wavelength was set at 242 nm；the sample size was 20 μL. Using the contents of above 4 components as evaluation indexes ，radar image analysis ，cluster thermal map analysis and principal component analysis were performed for comparing the quality of C. rotundus from different origins. RESULTS ：The results of content determination methodology investigation met relevant requirements ；the total contents of 4 components in volatile oil from C. rotundus from different origins ranged from 136.986 4 to 538.832 1 mg/g，of which the total content of samples from Yunnan was the highest （the average value was 476.059 2 mg/g）. Radar image analysis results showed that the whole contour in the 4 origins of Guangdong ， Jiangxi，Guangxi and Yunnan was large relatively and better balanced ，among which the samples from Yunnan had the largest overall contour and the best balance. The cluster thermal map analysis results showed that the samples from 12 origins could be grouped into 2 categories，the first category was from Hubei ，Jiangxi，Yunnan，Sichuan，Guangdong，Shandong，Henan and Shaanxi；the second category was from Guangxi ，Shanxi，Anhui and Hainan ；the quality of samples from the first category were better than that of samples from the second category. The principal component analysis results showed that the cumulative contribution rate of the first three principal components was 96.1％，and the samples from 12 origins were mainly clustered into two categories ，which was consistent with the results of cluster thermal map analysis. CONCLUSIONS ：Established HPLC method can be used for simultaneous determination of cypermenone ，nootkatone，α-cyperone and aristolone in volatile oil of C. rotundus from different origins. Among the samples from 12 origins，the quality of medicinal material from Yunnan is better.
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Objective To evaluate the feasibility and significance of establishing quantitative evaluation indicators in the project closure quality control by quantitative evaluation criteria .Methods To establish the evaluation index and corresponding index weight according to literature analysis ,brainstorming and Delphy's expert consultation methodologies ,research data were analyzed by radar chart .Results A total of five first grade indicators and twenty-three second level indicators were established ,and the implementation evaluation system was established from five aspects :ethical requirements ,informatization ,program implementation ,quality control and scientific research output .Conclusions The evaluation system can effectively evaluate the quality of clinical research ,identify the weak links of the study quality management .It is a suitable method for the quality management of clinical research problems .
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Chinese materia medica (CMM) is characterized with complicated components, diverse structures and multiple activities, whose quality and efficacy are difficult to display only by detection of single component. The comprehensive evaluation is greatly applied in CMM research by integrating assessment of multi-components, multi-indexes and multi-influence factors, and the challenge of which is how to choose the suitable method for data analysis. Radar chart is one of the most widely used multi-index comprehensive evaluation methods. Because of its high similarity with spider web in form, the concept of “spider-web” mode was put forward and used in the screening of quality marker (Q-maker), the quality evaluation of CMM, the stability study, the selection of bioactive components, and so on. In order to preferably apply the “spider-web” mode in CMM study, this paper systematically summarized the application of “spider-web” mode and radar chart in CMM and introduced its advantages, characteristics and application fields.
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OBJECTIVE： To investigate the current situation of medication safety in 24 public medical institutions（referred to as “hospital”） from Linyi city and the differences in medication safety between urban and rural areas. METHODS： ISMP self-assessment scale [including 10 key elements （Ⅰ-Ⅹ，such as “Ⅰ patient’s information” “Ⅱ drug information”）， 20 key characteristics and 270 evaluation projects] developed by Institute of Safe Medication Practices was used to investigate 24 hospitals in Linyi city. The implementation rates of 10 key elements in urban and rural hospitals were analyzed statistically， and the top 10 evaluation projects were listed for the key elements with the lowest implementation rate. The key elements and top 10 evaluation projects with the largest difference in the implementation rate were compared between urban and rural hospitals. Radar maps were used for comparison and analysis intuitively. RESULTS： A total of 24 hospitals were surveyed， including 12 in urban and 12 in rural areas； there were significant differences in the implementation rate of 10 key factors among 24 hospitals； the elements with the highest implementation rate were “Ⅶ environmental factors， workflow and staffing pattern”（56.55％）；the elements with the lowest implementation rate was “Ⅱ drug information” （26.77％）. Among 33 evaluation projects of “Ⅱ drug information”， the implementation rate of No. 36 project （12.50％， related to opioids） was the lowest. Among the implementation rates of 10 key elements in 12 urban hospitals and 12 rural hospitals， the key elements with the greatest difference was “Ⅳ drug label， packaging and naming” （differing by 44.44％，59.72％ vs. 15.28％）； Among“Ⅸ patient education”evaluation project with the greatest gap， there was the greatest difference in No. 199 project （related to patients’ active participation in medication， 58.33％ in urban， 4.17％ in rural）. CONCLUSIONS： The results of medication safety investigation in 24 hospitals from Linyi city show that all the item in each hospital needs to be improved expecially in the implementation of “Ⅱ drug information”. Rural hospitals should strengthen medication education for patients.
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OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the literature quality of systematic reviews/Meta-analysis of oral administration of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation （LDH） using radar plot， and to provide scientific and effective evidence for clinical use of medicine. METHODS： Retrieving CNKI， VIP， Wanfang database， CBM， PubMed， Cochrane library and Embase during the establishement of database to Oct. 1st， 2018， the literatures about systematic reviews/Meta-analysis of oral administration of TCM in the treatment of LDH were collected. After data extraction of literatures met inclusion criteria， the quality literatures were evaluated from 6 aspects of radar plot （year of publication， design type， AMSTAR methodological quality evaluation， PRISMA reprot quality evaluation， homogeneous， publication bias risk）. The average score of rank number was calculated. Moreover， Excel 2010， Adobe Illustrator CC and other software were used to draw and optimize the radar plot. RESULTS： A total of 6 qualified literatures were included； average score of rank number of 6 aspects were 3.83， 4.67， 3.83， 3.67， 6.00， 4.67， scoring 4.56 in average. Multivariate evaluation of radar plot showed that 2 studies had higher qualities and only 1 study had lower qualities relatively. However， problems could be found such as information selection bias， inclusion and exclusion criteria， publication situation， limitations， project registration. CONCLUSIONS： The literature quality of systematic review/Meta-analysis of oral administration of TCM in the treatment of LDH need to be improved， starting with strengthening methodological quality and reporting quality. Radar plot is a visual and effective method of graphic evaluation， which is worth popularizing and applying in the future.
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Resumen El clutter es una señal interferente causada por la reflexión de la emisión del radar sobre la superficie que rodea al blanco. Tradicionalmente, se han utilizado las distribuciones K, Weibull, Log-Normal, Rayleigh y Pareto para representar el comportamiento del clutter sin embargo, varios estudios han señalado la aplicación de otras alternativas novedosas que pudieran ser más adecuadas que las distribuciones tradicionales. Este artículo presenta la modelación de tres alternativas novedosas, las distribuciones Log-Weibull, Pearson (Lévy) y Lomax, en un conjunto de funciones informáticas de MATLAB. El código implementado permite un acceso fácil a la manipulación de las funciones de densidad y distribución, a la generación de variables aleatorias, al cálculo de los momentos y a la estimación de los parámetros de las distribuciones abordadas. La implementación está concebida para brindar a la comunidad de radares herramientas de simulación de la respuesta de los detectores de radar ante un amplio rango de condiciones de operación, lo cual permite la creación de nuevos mecanismos de procesamiento. Asimismo, se viabiliza el estudio del eco electromagnético que se obtiene de las superficies terrestres y marinas, con posibles aplicaciones medioambientales. El código creado formará parte de la librería MATE-CFAR 2 que incluirá varias distribuciones de clutter y detectores de radar.
Abstract The clutter is a distortion signal caused by the reflection of the radar emission on the surface surrounding the target. Traditionally, the K, Weibull, Log-Normal, Rayleigh and Pareto distributions have been used for representing the clutter behavior; however several studies have pointed out the application of other innovative alternatives that may be best suited than the traditional distributions. This paper presents the modeling of three innovative alternatives: the Log-Weibull, the Pearson (Lévy) and the Lomax distributions, in a set of MATLAB functions. The implemented code provides an easy access to the handling of density and accumulative distribution functions, to the generation of random variables, to the computation of moments and to the estimation of the parameters of the addressed distributions. The implementation is conceived for providing the radar community with a tool for simulating the response of radar detectors against a wide range of operating conditions, which allows the creation of new processing mechanisms. Likewise, the investigation contributes to the study of the electromagnetic echo received form the ground and sea surfaces, with possible environmental applications. The created code will be assembled into the MATE-CFAR 2 library that will include several clutter distributions and radar detectors.
Resumo A clutter é uma comunicação de sinal pela reflexão da emisão do radar sobre a superfície que rodea ao branco. Tradicionalmente, utilizou as distribuições K, Weibull, Log-Normal, Rayleigh e Pareto para representar o comportamento da confusão; Sin embargo, vários estudos têm designado o uso de outras alternativas novedosas que contribuem para a garantia de reparações tradicionais. Este artigo apresenta a modelagem de três alternativas novedosas, as distribuições Log-Weibull, Pearson (Lévy) e Lomax, em conjunto de funções informáticas de MATLAB. O código implementado permite um acesso fácil à manipulação das funções de densidade e distribuição, uma geração de aleatorias de variáveis, uma avaliação dos momentos e uma estimativa dos parâmetros das distribuições abordadas. A implementação está projetada para brindar a comunidade de radares ferramentas de simulação de resposta de detectores de radar ante um amplio alcance de condições de operação, por favor permita a criação de novos mecanismos de processamento. Além disso, é possível viabilizar o estudo do eletro-eletromagnético eletrico que se ocupa das superfícies terrestres e marítimas, com possíveis aplicações meioambientales. O código criado formará parte da libração MATE-CFAR 2 que inclui várias distribuições de clutter e detectores de radar.
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The performance of the CA-CFAR processor is affected by certain clutter variations. Although problems caused by sudden clutter changes have already been corrected in multiple CFAR proposals, the influence of slow statistical variations in the background signal is often ignored. To solve this problem, the authors estimated the optimal CA-CFAR threshold multiplier values necessary to adapt the processor to the clutter slow statistical changes. The application of the results guarantees that the operational false alarm probability of the processor will only exhibit a small deviation from the value conceived in the design. The clutter was simulated with a Pareto distribution with a known fluctuating shape parameter according to recent papers that strongly suggest the use of this distribution. The current research completes an important step in the design of an adaptive detector that operates without a priori knowledge of the shape parameter In addition, the authors provide mathematical expressions that allow the direct application of the results in the design of radar detectors.
El desempeño del procesador CA-CFAR es afectado por ciertas variaciones del clutter Mientras que los problemas causados por los cambios repentinos del clutter han sido corregidos por múltiples propuestas CFAR, se ignora frecuentemente la influencia de las variaciones estadísticas lentas de la señal de fondo. Para resolver este problema, los autores estimaron los valores óptimos del multiplicador del umbral CA-CFAR necesarios para adaptar el procesador a los cambios estadísticos lentos, garantizando por tanto que la probabilidad de falsa alarma del detector exhibirá solamente una ligera desviación con respecto al valor concebido en el diseño. El clutter fue simulado con una distribución Pareto con parámetro de forma conocido de antemano, de acuerdo a publicaciones recientes que sugieren fuertemente el uso de esta distribución. La investigación actual completa un paso importante en el diseño de detectores adaptativos que operan sin el conocimiento a priori del parámetro de forma. Adicionalmente, los autores proporcionan expresiones matemáticas que permiten la aplicación directa de los resultados en el diseño de detectores de radar.
O desempenho do processador CA-CFAR está afectada por certas variações da desordem. Enquanto os problemas causados por mudanças bruscas de lixo foram corrigidos para múltiplas propostas CFAR, é muitas vezes ignorado a influ-ência de variações estatísticas lento do sinal de fundo. Para resolver esse problema, os autores estimaram os valores ideais do limiar necessário multiplicador CA-CFAR para adaptar o processador para retardar alterações estatísticas, garantizando, portanto, a probabilidade de falsa detector de alarme apenas um ligeiro desvio da valor concebido no design. A desordem foi simulado com um parâmetro de distribuição de Pareto conhecidos na maneira previamente, de acordo com publicações recentes que sugerem fortemente a utilização desta distribuição. A investigação actual complete um passo importante na concepção de detectores adaptativas que operam sem conhecimento a priori do parâmetro de forma. Addi-cionalmente, os autores fornecem expressões matemáticas que permitem a aplicação direta dos resultados do projeto de detectores de radar.
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Chinese medicine prices often have sharp rise or fall, and even the impact of short-term price rise on the quality of feed can't be ignored.On the other hand, the production of traditional Chinese medicine is strictly subject to resource constraints, so much of the industrial production due to lack of or prohibited use of resources must bestopped. Based on 203 Chinese patent medicines in the National Essential Drugs (2012 Edition), the factors that influence the supply of essential drugs of traditional Chinese medicine were analyzed and seven indicators for the supply of essential medicines were designed in this paper. According to the Chinese herbal medicine resources survey and dynamic monitoring service system data, a multi-index comprehensive evaluation model based on radar chart analysis was proposed, providing a holistic and overall evaluation of the supply situation of essential drugs of traditional Chinese medicine. The evaluation results were concise, clear and intuitive. In this paper, Jiuwei Qianghuo Wan and Ganmao Qingre Keli were taken as the examples to prove that the proposed comprehensive evaluation method is concise, clear, intuitive, credible and practical.
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Objective To explore the radar map in the department of, analysis of different quality control methods on the impact of nursing writing quality. Methods All medical records in August 2014 to January 2015 were analysed according to nursing group and nurse individual quality control approach. Results Temperature chart error rates were 63.43%(137/216) in the group quality control group and 29.31%(68/232) in the personal quality control group, which was statistical significance between the group quality and personal quality control (χ2= 18.581, P personal 2.985 6. Conclusions Personal quality has significant advantages in reducing error rate about the indicator temperature, especially in temperature chart, the doctor′s advice, orders and overall quality control effect is better.
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Human gait involves a complex mechanism of muscular skeletal coordinated operation,which is specific and can be used as the basis of identity recognitions and clinical disease diagnoses.Human gaits have wide application value in the field of disaster rescue,battlefield ambulance,counter-terrorism,security,and medical and healthcare.The traditional contact-free gait detection technology mainly depends on optical images or ultrasound,which is susceptible to light,low visibility,obstacles,etc.In recent years,with the rapidly development of bio-radar technology,the bio-radar based contact-free human gait signal detection technology has shown more advantages.It can not be affected by light,can penetrate clothing,camouflage or even walls,and can operate in all-weathe,including low visibility weather conditions such as smog,smoke and fog.In this paper,the technical principles and methods of bio-radar based contact-free human gait detection technologies were discussed,the research status was summarized,and the development trendency was prospected.
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Objective To study a new method for fast unloading and positioning of medical shelter at night to accelerate the deployment speed of medical shelter system at night and improve the rapid reaction of medical support forces.Methods Laser marking device was used to indicate the three baseline for vehicle positioning based on three line positioning method,and then the position of the self-contained vehicle was determined.Reversing radar assisted in monitoring the vehicle position,and facilitated parking at a predetermined location.Results The problems such as low visibility were solved during the deployment at night,and the time consumed was decreased to 40 min for shelter positioning and unloading,so that the workload and artificial errors were both reduced greatly.Conclusion The method realizes medical shelter unloading efficiently with high practicability and flexibility.
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Objective To study a new method for fast unloading and positioning of medical shelter at night to accelerate the deployment speed of medical shelter system at night and improve the rapid reaction of medical support forces.Methods Laser marking device was used to indicate the three baseline for vehicle positioning based on three line positioning method,and then the position of the self-contained vehicle was determined.Reversing radar assisted in monitoring the vehicle position,and facilitated parking at a predetermined location.Results The problems such as low visibility were solved during the deployment at night,and the time consumed was decreased to 40 min for shelter positioning and unloading,so that the workload and artificial errors were both reduced greatly.Conclusion The method realizes medical shelter unloading efficiently with high practicability and flexibility.
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Objective To study the shadowing effect when using UWB bio-radar to detect multiple static human targets to solve the problem in multi-target detection.Methods With simulated breathing apparatus as detection targets,the UWB bioradar multi static targets respiration detection experiment was designed,and the influences of distance and angle between targets and its respiratory frequency and amplitude on the shadowing effect were studied.Result The shadowing effect was mainly affected by the relative position of the multiple targets,while the respiratory frequency and amplitude of the target had less influence on it.Conclusion When multi static human targets are detected the shadowing effect does exist,and the effect mainly derives from the block of electromagnetic wave by the front target,while the change of respiratory parameters of the front target has little influence on the effect.
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Given the limitations of different types of remote sensing images, automated land-cover classifications of the Amazon várzea may yield poor accuracy indexes. One way to improve accuracy is through the combination of images from different sensors, by either image fusion or multi-sensor classifications. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine which classification method is more efficient in improving land cover classification accuracies for the Amazon várzea and similar wetland environments - (a) synthetically fused optical and SAR images or (b) multi-sensor classification of paired SAR and optical images. Land cover classifications based on images from a single sensor (Landsat TM or Radarsat-2) are compared with multi-sensor and image fusion classifications. Object-based image analyses (OBIA) and the J.48 data-mining algorithm were used for automated classification, and classification accuracies were assessed using the kappa index of agreement and the recently proposed allocation and quantity disagreement measures. Overall, optical-based classifications had better accuracy than SAR-based classifications. Once both datasets were combined using the multi-sensor approach, there was a 2% decrease in allocation disagreement, as the method was able to overcome part of the limitations present in both images. Accuracy decreased when image fusion methods were used, however. We therefore concluded that the multi-sensor classification method is more appropriate for classifying land cover in the Amazon várzea.
Dadas as limitações de diferentes tipos de imagens de sensores remotos, classificações automáticas do uso e cobertura do solo na várzea Amazônica podem resultar em índices de acurácia insatisfatórios. Uma das maneiras de melhorar esses índices é através da combinação de dados de distintos sensores, por fusão de imagens ou através de classificações multi-sensores. Desta forma, o presente estudo teve o objetivo de determinar qual método de classificação é mais eficiente em melhorar os índices de acurácia das classificações do uso e cobertura do solo para a várzea Amazônica e áreas úmidas similares - (a) a fusão sintética de imagens SAR e ópticas ou (b) a classificação multi-sensor de imagens ópticas e SAR pareadas. Classificações da cobertura do solo com base em imagens de um único sensor (Landsat TM ou Radarsat-2) foram comparadas com as classificações multi-sensor e classificações baseadas em fusão de imagens. A análise de imagens baseada em objetos (OBIA) e o algoritmo de mineração de dados J.48 foram utilizados para realizar a classificação automática, cuja precisão foi avaliada com o índice kappa e com as medidas de discordância de alocação e de quantidade, recentemente propostas na literatura. Em geral, as classificações baseadas em imagens ópticas apresentaram melhor precisão do que as classificações baseadas em dados SAR. Uma vez que ambos os conjuntos de dados foram combinados em uma abordagem multi-sensores, houve uma redução de 2% no erro de alocação da classificação, uma vez que o método foi capaz de superar parte das limitações presentes em ambas as imagens. Contudo, a precisão diminuiu quando foram usados métodos de fusão de imagens. Concluiu-se que o método de classificação multi-sensor é mais apropriado para classificações de uso do solo na várzea amazônica.
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Lakes , Radar , Geographic Information Systems , Remote Sensing Technology , WetlandsABSTRACT
Objective To explore a new evaluation framework for talented professionals in science and technology, and design an appropriate methodology and management mechanism.Methods Key evaluation indicators were set according to the organization′s strategic objectives and innovation elements.Following the introduction to new concepts of evaluation, methods and steps were designed that could analyze evaluation results using the radar chart to achieve full-dimensional identification of different indicators, scopes or levels.Results and Conclusion A pluggablehierarchical management mechanism was established, and an organic architecture that involved data, evaluation logics and operation management was constructed.A pilot study was carried out in an institution of military medical sciences to verify the applicability of this framework.
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To design a new method to simulate the micro-motion of human body surface due to respiration and heartbeat, and to provide detection object and calibration signal for the bio-radar technology. Precision lin-ear module was used to transform rotational movement to linear displacement, with AC servo motor to precisely control the module's rotation. Ultimately, ultralow-frequency micro-motion was produced with its displacement being quantitatively controlled. A system simulating the micro-motion of human body surface was newly built. Compared with the old system, the new one produced micro-motion with better constancy, and realized quantitative control of the motion's dis-placement. The method lays technological foundation for simulating the micro-motion of human body surface due to respiration and heartbeat and may promote the development of bio-radar technology towards intensive and compre-hensive levels.