ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not only a respiratory disease but is also a systemic disease associated with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, osteoporosis, etc. Diabetes being one of the comorbidities, COPD is thought to be a causative factor for developing insulin resistance. Similarly, poor glycemic control is associated with worsened COPD outcomes. Thus, this study has been taken up to analyze the effect of hyperglycemia on the duration of hospital stay and rate of mortality, and other outcomes in patients with COPD with exacerbation. Methods: It was an observational study conducted for 1 year in KLES Dr. Prabhakar Kore Hospital & Medical Research Centre, Belagavi, Karnataka, India. A total of 84 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups based on the mean random blood sugar (RBS) levels. Group I had 40 patients with mean RBS <250 mg/dL and group II had 44 patients with mean RBS ?250 mg/dL. Outcomes and variables of the patients with COPD were compared between both groups. Results: Patients in group II had poor outcomes compared to group I. The mean duration of hospital stays in groups I and group II were 5.43 and 7.34, respectively, with a significant p < 0.0001. The mean duration of intensive care unit (ICU) stay was 3.33 and 4.47 in groups I and II, respectively, which was statistically significant. The rate of mortality in groups I and II was 5.00 and 11.36%, respectively. Conclusion: Patients with hyperglycemia had an increased duration of hospital stay and rate of mortality. Optimal glycemic control plays a significant role in patients with COPD in reducing the severity of exacerbation and mortality.
ABSTRACT
Background: Growing evidence from knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) studies indicates an urgent need to improve diabetes awareness, early diagnosis, risk factor control, and management & disease burden. Objective: Objective of this present study was to know awareness of the diabetes risk factors & management among morning walkers of the city of Ahmedabad and to know the prevalence of diabetes cases among the general population of Ahmedabad. Methodology: The present study is a cross-sectional study based in the Ahmedabad district of Gujarat. After obtaining signed informed consent at first & Data will be collected according to a standard protocol using an interview-based questionnaire, and random blood sugar will be checked using an instant glucometer and strips. Result: The mean 盨D scores of the study population regarding the knowledge, attitude, and practice outcomes were 4.04 � 1.03 ,2.20 � 0.90, 3.80 � 0.85. prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus found in this study is 43.49% which is predicted by value of Random Blood sugar 100-125 and ? 125 mg/dl. Conclusion: Variables other than knowledge and attitude have a role in illness management. Poor self-management, a lack of desire, insufficient social support, or a lack of resources needed for sustained lifestyle adjustment behaviour are all potential explanations.
ABSTRACT
Background: The adequacy of haemodialysis in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus with chronic kidney disease stage 5 depends on several clinical as well as laboratory parameters. Previous studies from Western literature have identified several clinical and laboratory markers for predicting adequacy of dialysis. There is a dearth of literature regarding the same in Indian patient populace. Authors aimed to find correlation, if any, between glycemic control and adequacy of dialysis in this cohort of patients.Methods: A set of 200 patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus who have undergone hemodialysis at a tertiary care hospital were included in the study. Random blood sugar (RBS), Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured at admission. After 4 hours of dialysis, the urea reduction ratio (URR) and Kt/V was measured for each patient. The correlation coefficient as well as linear equation of the association between these variables were calculated. Standard statistical method and software were used in the process.Results: The study revealed a linear negative correlation between the variables RBS, HbA1c and URR as well as Kt/V. This suggests the importance of pre dialysis glycemic control in patients undergoing hemodialysis.Conclusions: Authors formulate the hypothesis that glycated hemoglobin and random blood sugar at admission correlate well with the outcome and adequacy of dialysis in patients of stage 5 chronic kidney disease undergoing haemodialysis. Good glycemic control (HbA1c <6.5 % and RBS <120 mg/dL) have shown to be important predictive markers of adequate dialysis. The hypothesis needs to be tested with a larger study.
ABSTRACT
There is a world-wide trend in rise of diabetes cases. There is also rise in the trend of any one person getting diabetes at an early age. However, diabetes is fairly less common in children less than 5 years. The manifestation of diabetes too can be peculiar in very young children. Then managed as per standard protocol, results can be rewarding. Ours is secondary healthcare facility with all diagnostic equipment and consultants available round the clock. Authors describe one case finding of diabetic ketoacidosis. The baby aged 18 months presented with cold, cough, fever and air hunger (breathing deeply), referred by family doctor. The prompt diagnosis, rehydration, insulin infusion helped in recovery. Complete blood tests confirmed the presence of random blood sugar 345mg%, pH 7.05, Ketone bodies present in urine. While there was Leukocytosis, tests for Dengue Fever and Typhoid were negative.Identification of ketoacidosis and prompt treatment can save children.