ABSTRACT
Objective: Pharmaceutical documents such as the common technical document, package inserts (PIs), and interview forms (IFs) are available at the website of the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency. However, because these documents were created with an emphasis on human readability in paper form, it is difficult to use the information included and interoperate these documents with computers. Using IFs, we will investigate how to structure pharmaceutical documents in the AI era to achieve both human and machine readability.Design/Methods: The IFs of arbitrary selected ten drugs were structured into Resource Description Framework (RDF) according to the Drug Interview Form Description Guidelines 2018 (updated version in 2019). The data were manually extracted from the IFs and entered into a spreadsheet before being converted to RDF by a written script. The PIs were converted to RDF in addition to the IFs. To examine the linkage with external databases, IDs in ChEMBL, which is a manually curated database of bioactive molecules with drug-like properties, were embedded in the RDF.Results: We demonstrated that the conversion of IFs and PIs into RDF makes it possible to easily retrieve the corresponding part of the PIs cited in the IFs. Furthermore, we quickly obtained the relevant data from ChEMBL, demonstrating the feasibility of linking IFs with an external database. Our attempt to RDFization of IFs is expected to encourage the development of web applications for healthcare professionals and the development of datasets for AI development.Conclusion: We could easily interoperate IFs with other pharmaceutical documents and an external database by converting IFs into RDF following the description guidelines. However, problems such as how to deal with items that were not described in the description guidelines were indicated. We hope that discussions will grow based on this effort and that related industries will move toward accomplishing effective use of these documents.
ABSTRACT
Os erros provenientes das prescrições médicas podem provocar sérios danos à saúde dos pacientes; por isso, é imprescindível que sejam identificados e prevenidos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a presença dos requisitos legais e institucionais da prescrição médica de um hospital pediátrico público de ensino, a fim de se obter um diagnóstico da situação, para então serem aplicadas as medidas corretivas. A partir da autorização do comitê de pesquisa, foi feito um estudo observacional do tipo transversal, quantitativo, no qual foram analisadas, durante três meses, todas as segundas vias das prescrições dos pacientes hospitalizados. Foram analisadas 1.590 prescrições, cada uma tendo em média 4,47 medicamentos, e obtiveram-se os seguintes dados: quanto à legibilidade, 32,39 por cento das prescrições eram pouco legíveis, 49,81 por cento continham medicamentos prescritos por nome comercial, 5,25 por cento dos medicamentos prescritos não eram padronizados. A qualidade da prescrição do hospital em estudo precisa ser melhorada, a fim de que sejam evitados erros de medicação e o processo de assistência à saúde se torne mais seguro. A falta de clareza nas prescrições pode confundir os profissionais de saúde e causar danos ao paciente.
The errors from doctor prescriptions can cause damage to the patient's health, consequently it is necessary to identify and to prevent them. This work aimed to evaluate if the legal and institutional aspects that are present in doctor prescription at the public and university pediatric hospital to make a diagnosis from the situation, and then to correct the problems. A survey was made was made using a cross-sectional method, where copies of 1,590 prescriptions were studied after the University Committee of Research approved the survey. The average was 4,47 drugs per prescription and following data were detectable: readable- 32.39 percent of the prescriptions were unreadable, 49.81 percent presented only the commercial name, 5.25 percent of the drugs were not standardized. Quality of prescription in the chosen hospital needs to be better to avoid medication errors and the health care process gets safer. When prescription is unreadable, they can confuse health professionals and damage patients.