ABSTRACT
RESUMEN El objetivo de esta investigación fue identificar los hábitos de lectura en tres grupos de estudiantes de primer semestre de la licenciatura en Psicología Educativa de la Universidad Pedagógica Nacional Unidad Ajusco en la Ciudad de México. Este estudio tuvo un alcance descriptivo con un diseño no experimental en el que participaron 69 alumnos, de los cuales 60 fueron mujeres y 9 hombres con un promedio de edad de 20 años, cuya selección se realizó bajo un muestreo no probabilístico por la accesibilidad y la disponibilidad del docente responsable de los grupos. Para la obtención de los datos se utilizó el Cuestionario sobre Hábitos de Lectura el cual fue aplicado en el salón de clase de cada uno de los grupos programados y para el procesamiento de la información se utilizó el software Excel versión 2013. Los resultados mostraron que quienes fueron analizados en este estudio, a pesar de que leen periódicamente, no tienen el hábito; además se encontró que el libro sigue siendo la principal fuente de información tanto en el formato impreso como digital.
ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to identify reading habits in three groups of first semester students of the Bachelor in Educational Psychology of the National Pedagogical University Unit Ajusco in Mexico City. This study had a descriptive scope with a non-experimental design in which 69 students participated, of which 60 were women and 9 men with an average age of 20 years, whose selection was made under a non-probabilistic sampling for accessibility and availability of the teacher responsible for the groups. To obtain the data, the Reading Habits Questionnaire was used, which was applied in the classroom of each of the programmed groups and for the information processing the Excel 2013 version software was used. The results showed that the students analyzed in this study, although they read periodically do not have the habit, it was also found that the book is still the main source of information in both the printed and digital format.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Psychology , Reading , Universities , Students , MexicoABSTRACT
O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar as práticas de leitura de jovens adolescentes e sua relação com o desempenho na compreensão de textos. Participaram 121 estudantes do 6º e 7º anos do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas, com idades variando entre 11 e 14 anos, de ambos os sexos. Foram aplicados três instrumentos: o Questionário de Compreensão de Texto Cloze, o Teste de Compreensão de Leitura e o Questionário sobre Home Literacy. A partir disso, constatou-se que a maioria dos estudantes leem um ou mais livros por ano e que usam bastante a Internet para discussão nas redes sociais. Quanto a associação entre as práticas de leitura e a compreensão textual verificou-se que a leitura prazerosa de gibis e mangás, por exemplo, se relaciona ao baixo desempenho na compreensão de textos, pois grupos que leram mais esse tipo de texto tiveram desempenho inferior na Análise de Variância (F(3, 120) = 2,91; p = 0,03). Além disso, verificou-se que alunos os quais leem as matérias escolares quando chegam em casa tem escores mais altos na interpretação textual (F(3, 120) = 2,92; p = 0,03).
The objective of this study was to investigate adolescents' reading practices and the relationship with their reading comprehension performance. One hundred twenty-one 5th-7th graders from public middle schools, both male and female and aged from 11 to 14 years old, participated in this study. Three instruments were applied: a Cloze reading comprehension questionnaire; a Cloze reading practice test; and a Home Literacy questionnaire. The main results showed that most students read one or more books per year and use social networking sites for discussions frequently. As for the association between reading practices and reading comprehension, the results showed that reading for enjoyment, for example, reading comic books and manga, is related to low reading comprehension performance since the students that read more of this type of text had lower performance according to the results of Analysis of Variance (F(3, 120) = 2.91; p = 0.03). In addition, it was found that students who read more school-related texts at home had better performance on reading comprehension tests (F(3, 120) = 2.92; p = 0.03).
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Comprehension , Education, Primary and Secondary , ReadingABSTRACT
Se efectuó una investigación cuantitativa y cualitativa, descriptiva y transversal, de estudiantes y docentes del octavo, noveno y décimo años de Educación General Básica Superior en la Unidad Educativa Particular "Cinco de Mayo" de la ciudad de Chone, Ecuador, de enero a junio del 2014, con vistas a elaborar una estrategia metodológica para el desarrollo del pensamiento en ellos, sobre la base de la aplicación de los 6 niveles de lectura. En la serie se obtuvo que la minoría de los estudiantes poseyeran desarrollo de las destrezas lectoras, comprendían con facilidad los textos y su idea principal y leían un escrito tantas veces como fuera necesario hasta entenderlo. Con la aplicación de esta estrategia metodológica se pretende que el alumno realice una lectura inteligente, crítica y creadora, de manera que se desarrolle su pensamiento y así se propicie una mejoría en su modo de actuación.
A quantitative and qualitative, descriptive and cross-sectional investigation of students and teaching staff at eighth, ninth and tenth years from the Higher Basic General Education in the Particular Educational Unit in Chone city, Ecuador, was carried out from January to June, 2014, with the aim of elaborating a methodological strategy for the development of thought in them, on the base of the use of the 6 reading levels. In the series it was obtained that the minority of the students possessed development of the reading skills, they understood the texts with easiness and their main ideas, and they read a writing as many times as necessary, until understanding it. With the use of this methodological strategy it is intended that the student carries out an intelligent, critical and creative reading, so as to develop his thought, and an improvement is propitiated in his way of performing.
Subject(s)
Thinking , Knowledge , StudentsABSTRACT
Por medio de un enfoque mixto, se caracterizó la comprensión y producción textual narrativa en estudiantes de educación primaria (primero y segundo grado), así como aspectos psicosociales (valor social de la lectura y hábito lector) y contextuales (interacciones cognitivas y afectivas docente-niños) en docentes de educación primaria de tres instituciones educativas. Se encontró que los estudiantes tuvieron un desempeño medio alto en producción textual y comprensión literal, y bajo en comprensión inferencial. Además, se observó que la mayoría de las docentes son lectoras ocasionales, emplean interacciones cognitivas unidireccionales, ofrecen un mediano apoyo emocional a sus estudiantes y valoran la lectura como una herramienta instrumental y lúdica.
Using a mixed approach, the study described textual comprehension and production of narrative texts in primary school students (first and second grades), as well as psychosocial (social value of reading and reading habits) and contextual (cognitive and affective interactions between teacher and children) aspects in elementary school teachers in three educational institutions. Findings show that students had a medium to high performance in textual production and literal comprehension, and a low performance in inferential comprehension. Furthermore, it was observed that most teachers are occasional readers, use unidirectional cognitive interactions, offer average emotional support to their students, and value reading as an instrumental and recreational tool.
Por meio de um enfoque misto, caracterizaram-se a compreensão e a produção textual narrativa em estudantes de educação primária (primeira e segunda séries), bem como aspectos psicossociais (valor social da leitura e hábito leitor) e contextuais (interações cognitivas e afetivas docente-criança) em docentes de educação primária de três instituições educativas. Constatou-se que os estudantes tiveram um desempenho médio alto em produção textual e compreensão literal, e baixo em compreensão inferencial. Além disso, observou-se que a maioria das docentes são leitoras ocasionais, empregam interações cognitivas unidirecionais, oferecem um apoio emocional médio a seus estudantes e valorizam a leitura como ferramenta instrumental e lúdica.
ABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente estudio fue describir los hábitos de lectura de padres de niños con y sin retraso lector, pertenecientes a un nivel socioeconómico bajo de la ciudad de Cali (Colombia). Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta a 15 padres de niños con retraso lector y 8 padres de niños normolectores. La encuesta indagó por datos sociodemográficos, hábitos de lectura y valoración del papel de la lectura en la familia. Los datos recogidos destacaron escasos hábitos de lectura en las familias de ambos grupos evaluados, a pesar de que manifiestan tener gusto por ésta. Entre las principales razones de este comportamiento están la falta de recursos económicos para invertir en material de lectura, sin embargo reportan que dedican su tiempo libre en otras actividades diferentes a leer.
The purpose of the present study was to describe the reading habits of children's parents with and without non-specific reading difficulties, categorized in a low socioeconomic scale in Cali (Colombia). 15 parents of children with non-specific reading difficulties and 8 parents of children with appropriate reading development answered a survey that inquired for socio-demographic data of the family, as well as their reading habits and appreciation of the role of reading practices. Findings have showed that both groups of parents presented poor reading habits, although all of them expressed preference for reading. Lack of economical resources to invest in reading materials is one of the exposed reasons for not reading frequently. Also reading is not included among the activities they usually practice in their spare time.
ABSTRACT
Psicólogos têm sido solicitados a oferecer orientação a pais sobre a influência de suas atitudes no desempenho acadêmico dos filhos. Tanto a escola quanto a família são instituições importantes à socialização e à educação infantil e há efeitos positivos relacionados ao envolvimento parental na vida acadêmica das crianças. Orientações deveriam ser fornecidas no sentido de prevenir problemas comportamentais, facilitando a interação dos pais na realização dos trabalhos escolares dos filhos, utilizando o encorajamento verbal e o reforço direto, o que supõe suporte e monitoramento das atividades diárias e do progresso escolar. O envolvimento dos pais na vida acadêmica dos filhos deve ser incentivado devido aos benefícios que pode trazer para o sucesso acadêmico. O objetivo do presente artigo foi o de apresentar orientações para que pais promovam o desenvolvimento de comportamentos facilitadores da aprendizagem e possam participar mais ativamente da vida acadêmica dos filhos.
Psychologists have been requested to offer parents guidance, regarding the influence of their attitudes on their children academic performance. Both school and family are considered important institutions for the children socialization and education, and there are positive effects on the parents' involvement in academic life of their children. The parents guidance should avoid behavioral problems, providing parents participation on their children academic activities through motivation and feedback, that implies children assistance and monitoring of their daily activities and academic process. The parents involvement with their children academic life must be motivated as it can provide benefits to academic success/led to the academic success. Guidelines focused on the development of learning facilitating behaviors were the purpose of this present study in order to promote an achieve parents participation on their children academic life.