ABSTRACT
Os objetivos deste estudo foram desenvolver uma versão computadorizada para um teste de reconhecimento associativo, desenvolver itens para a construção e informatização de um teste de reconhecimento de itens, utilizando o modelo de Rasch. Também foi objetivo deste estudo testar as hipóteses dos níveis de dificuldade dos itens e buscar evidência de validade para os instrumentos, averiguando se as mulheres obtêm desempenho superior ao dos homens. Participaram 217 estudantes universitários, homens e mulheres, com idade média de 25 anos. Os resultados indicaram que os testes se ajustaram ao modelo de Rasch, apresentaram índices de fidedignidade adequados e não apresentaram funcionamento diferencial dos itens (DIF). Obteve-se empiricamente a ordem esperada de dificuldade das categorias de itens do teste individual e uma alta correlação entre a ordem de dificuldade esperada dos pares e a ordem obtida dos pares. As mulheres apresentaram um desempenho significativamente superior ao dos homens, que não se deve ao DIF.
The objectives of this study were to develop items for a computerized version of an associative recognition memory test and to develop items for the construction and computerization of an individual recognition memory test, using the Rasch model. This study also aimed to test the hypothesis related to the item difficulty levels and to search for validity evidences for the instruments investigating if there are differences between male and female performance. Two hundred and seventeen college students, male and female, with average age of 25 years, participated in the study. Results indicated that the tests fit the Rasch model, presented adequate reliability index and did not present differential item functioning (DIF). The expected difficulty order of item categories from the individual subtest as well as a large correlation between the pairs expected difficulty order and the pairs obtained order were found. Women presented significantly higher performance than men and it is not due to DIF.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Young Adult , Computers , Memory , Psychometrics , Recognition, Psychology , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Tenta-se pensar algumas faces do conceito psicanalítico de repetição, tanto em sua dimensão teórica quanto clínica. Analisa-se, junto a Freud, a relação entre ela e outros conceitos clínicos como os de recordação, resistência, transferência e atuação. Por meio do pensamento lacaniano, indica-se o caráter fundamental deste termo para o saber psicanalítico, sua relação com os conceitos de Tiquê, de Autômaton, de objeto a e de cadeia de significantes, e sua aproximação com a "retomada " kierkegaardiana. E com Miller estuda-se o lugar da angústia como operador que produz uma desarticulação na amarração ordenada, exposta no fenômeno da repetição.
The concept of the repetition and its importance for psychoanalytical theory. This paper aims to think some faces of the psychoanalysis's concept of the repetition, in a clinical and theoretical dimension. We will analyze, along with Freud, the relation between this concept and other concepts as memory, resistance, transference and acting out. Through the Lacan's thought, we will indicate the basic character of this term to the psychoanalytic knowledge, its relation to it with the concepts of Tiquê, Autômaton, object a and chain of signifier, and its approach with the Kierkegaardian's term, retaken. With Miller we will think the place of the anguish as the operator who produces a disarticulation in the commanded knotting, displayed in the phenomenon of the repetition.
Subject(s)
Psychoanalytic TheoryABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the correlation of discomfort experience and factual recollection (FR) in patients of intensive care unit (ICU). Methods Fifty-five ICU patients and 63 ward patients par-ticipated in the study. Standardized questionnaires were used to evaluate all patients" FR and the results underwent analysis. Results The prevalence of recollection of any type of discomfort in the ICU patients was 64%. The presence of an endotracheal tube, pain and hallucinations were identified as sources of dis-comfort.The median score for FR in the ICU patients was 7.25. The median score for FR in the ward pa-tients was 13.50. The difference between them was highly significant (t =3.34, P < 0.01 ). Logistic analysis revealed that discomfort, especially discomfort caused by the presence of an endotracheal tube, pain and hallucinations, was positively related to FR, 0R95%CI (1.2～2.1), P < 0.01. Conclusions The presence of an endotracheal tube, pain and hallucinations were most frequently reported as sources of discomfort in ICU patients and their memory was often impaired. FR and recollection of discomfort appear to be related significantly in ICU patients.
ABSTRACT
Ventilated patients who require intensive care unit (ICU) treatment may encounter unpleasant experiences. These experiences may include factual incidents and delusional memories of ICU such as dreams, hallucinations and frightening experiences. A cross sectional study using “Intensive Care Experience Questionnaire” consisted of four domains: awareness of surrounding, frightening experiences, recall of experience and satisfaction with nursing care. Forty five participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. This study was conducted in ICU of HUKM from January to March 2006. Results showed that 20 respondents (44%) were aware of their surrounding and 31 respondents (69%) reported frightening experiences. Majority of respondents (43 respondents, 96%) reported satisfaction with the delivery of nursing care. There was positive correlation between awareness of surrounding and their abilities to recall their experiences (p<0.05). Patients’ awareness of surrounding achieved the strongest statistical significance as a contribution to the prediction of their abilities to recall their experiences with beta coefficient value of 0.353 and p<0.05. The finding of this study permits nurses to see the problems of mechanically ventilated patients through reports of unpleasant recollections by the patients themselves. Patients reported frustrations in their attempts to make their needs known. Although they are on sedation, they are aware of all unpleasant events occurring in the ICU
ABSTRACT
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo y transversal con la finalidad de evaluar el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad diarreica y su prevención en 260 madres de niños menores de 1 año, pertenecientes al Policlínico Docente "Victoria de Girón" de Palma Soriano, durante el período comprendido de enero de 1998 a igual mes de 1999, a éstas se les aplicó una encuesta previamente elaborada al efecto. Entre los principales resultados sobresalieron que la mayor parte de ellas consideraban que el parásito era la causa fundamental de las diarreas y que menos de un cuarto del total la relacionó con la falta de higiene, que ninguna restringió la lactancia materna y que casi todas conocían la forma de preparación, administración y uso de las sales de rehidratación oral. La información al respecto les fue brindada siempre en el nivel primario de atención(AU)
A descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out among 260 mothers of children under one year old from the "Victoria de Girón" Teaching Polyclinic, in Palma Soriano, from January, 1998, to January, 1999. The aim of this paper was to assess their knowledge about diarrheal disease and its prevention. A previously prepared survey was used. According to the results, most of them considered parasites as the fundamental cause of diarrheas and less than a fourth associated it with poor hygiene. None of them restricted breast feeding and almost all of them knew how to prepare the oral rehydration salts. The information was always obtained at the primary health care level(AU)