ABSTRACT
RESUMEN En la estrategia con actividades físico-recreativas, en el uso del tiempo libre por adolescentes, se asume una concepción metodológica desde la vinculación de los enfoques cuantitativos y cualitativos, con la articulación de métodos y técnicas que posibilitaron el estudio de los antecedentes y criterios teóricos acerca de los enfoques actuales de ese fenómeno. El objetivo de este trabajo consistió en implementar una estrategia con actividades físico-recreativas que contribuirán al uso adecuado del tiempo libre por los adolescentes de las unidades particulares laicas de Sangolquí. Los resultados avalan la realización de un diagnóstico de necesidades que facilitó la concepción de la estrategia sobre una base científica, en una estructura que se consolidó en etapas y acciones con las vías de control, lo cual permitió una organicidad lógica y coherente en el uso adecuado del tiempo libre por los adolescentes. Este estudio favoreció la modificación del estado inicial del uso del tiempo libre por los adolescentes, al otorgarles un rol protagónico en la búsqueda de sus intereses y la satisfacción de sus necesidades. Esto conduce a arribar al estado deseado y el cumplimiento de los objetivos previstos, al considerar la articulación y la naturaleza cognoscitiva, práctica y axiológica de las actividades. La valoración de los expertos consideró que la estrategia es muy adecuada y ratificaron el valor de la misma, al expresar que puede ser implementada, pues tiene un marco legal y metodológico que avala la pertinencia, la factibilidad y la aplicabilidad de la misma.
RESUMO Na estratégia com atividades físico-recreativas na utilização do tempo livre pelos adolescentes, assume-se uma concepção metodológica a partir da ligação de abordagens quantitativas e qualitativas, com a articulação de métodos e técnicas que tornaram possível o estudo dos antecedentes e critérios teóricos sobre as atuais abordagens a este fenómeno. O objectivo deste trabalho consistiu em implementar uma estratégia com atividades físico-recreativas que contribuam para a utilização adequada do tempo livre pelos adolescentes nas unidades privadas leigas de Sangolquí. Os resultados apoiam a realização de um diagnóstico de necessidades que facilitou a concepção da estratégia numa base científica, numa estrutura que foi consolidada em fases e ações com os meios de controlo, o que permitiu uma organicidade lógica e coerente na utilização adequada do tempo livre pelos adolescentes. Este estudo favoreceu a modificação do estado inicial de utilização do tempo livre pelos adolescentes, dando-lhes um papel de liderança na prossecução dos seus interesses e na satisfação das suas necessidades. Isto leva a chegar ao estado desejado e ao cumprimento dos objectivos planeados, considerando a articulação e a natureza cognitiva, prática e axiológica das atividades. A avaliação dos peritos considerou a Estratégia Muito Adequada e ratificou o seu valor, expressando que pode ser implementada, uma vez que possui um quadro legal e metodológico que endossa a sua pertinência, viabilidade e aplicabilidade.
ABSTRACT In the strategy with physical-recreational activities, in the use of free time by teenagers, a methodological conception is assumed from the linking of quantitative and qualitative approaches, with the articulation of methods and techniques that made it possible to study the background and theoretical criteria about current approaches to this phenomenon. The objective of this work was to implement a strategy with physical-recreational activities that will contribute to the adequate use of free time by adolescents from the private lay units of Sangolquí. The results support the realization of a diagnosis of needs that facilitated the conception of the strategy on a scientific basis, in a structure that was consolidated in stages and actions with the control channels, which allowed a logical and coherent organization in the appropriate use. Free time for teenagers. This study favored the modification of the initial state of the use of free time by adolescents, by giving them a leading role in the pursuit of their interests and the satisfaction of their needs. This leads to arriving at the desired state and the fulfillment of the planned objectives, when considering the articulation and the cognitive, practical and axiological nature of the activities. The experts' assessment considered that the Strategy is Very Appropriate and ratified its value, expressing that it can be implemented, since it has a legal and methodological framework that supports its relevance, feasibility and applicability.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To systematically review and develop the categories in the fields of recreational physical activities and rehabilitation exercise for adults based on the concept and method of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Method:The literatures about recreational or leisure time physical activities and mental health for adults were retrieved with subject retrieval method, from the database of PubMed, Web of Science, CNKI and Wanfang Data, until June 30, 2021. The effects of leisure physical activities on mental health, quality of life and well-being of adults were extracted. Results:A total of 1856 literatures were returned, and 24 out of them were enrolled, which were published mainly from the journals of medicine, public health, exercise and rehabilitation. The researches mainly used questionnaire survey, interview and measurement methods. The types of physical activities involved were leisure time physical activities, leisure time recreational activities, non-leisure time physical activities and non-leisure time recreational activities. According to the framework of ICF, the effects of leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities on mental health of adults were mainly reflected in body functions, including bl mental function, b152 emotion function, b140 attention function, b144 memory function, b163 basic cognition function, b126 temperament and personality function, b134 sleep function, b130 energy and drive function, b122 overall psychology and society function, b180 self-experience and time experience function, b139 other general mental functions specified and not specified; and activities and participation, including d6 family life, d7 interpersonal communication and interpersonal relationship, d8 main area of life, and d9 community, social and civic life; in terms of burnout, depression, anxiety, perceived stress, risk of depression, attention fatigue, life vigor, self-esteem, positive and negative emotions, mental disorders, insomnia, subjective well-being, life satisfaction and quality of life, etc. Leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities might improve health-related quality of life and well-being. Some environmental and personal factors might affect the participation and performance in leisure time and recreational physical activities for the adult, including e3 support and interpersonal relationships, e4 attitude, e5 service system and policy, in terms of workload, positive emotion, social support, emotional support, etc. Conclusion:Adults can benefit from leisure time physical activities and recreational physical activities for promoting mental health, quality of life and well-being. These activities are beneficial to emotion, cognition, sleep, happiness, satisfaction and quality of life, etc. It is critical for rehabilitation to integrate leisure time and recreational physical activities into health care, recreation and relaxation, physical and mental health. And it is effective to expand mental health care to improve quality of life and well-being and achieve the United Nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 3: Good Healthy and Well-being.