Comparison of three lung recruitment maneuvers in the treatment of severe extra-pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中国综合临床

Objective To investigate the efficacy and side effects of three recruitment maneuvers (RM) for severe extra-pulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome ( ARDS). Methods A total of sixty-three extra-pulmonary ARDS patients were enrolled and randomly divided into three groups, which were treated with sustained inflation (SI),increment of positive end-expiratory pressure (IP) and pressure control ventilation (PCV) respectively. The oxygenation index ( PaO2/FiO2) before and after lung recruitment was recorded in patients with complete lung recruitment,and the cause of discontinuation of lung recruitment was recorded in patients with incomplete lung recruitment. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) was recorded in patients who completed lung recruitment with the latter two methods when they reached the maximum degree of lung recruitment. The mortality rate of 14 d in 3 groups was recorded, and the clinical characteristics and prognosis differences were compared before and after each group. Results With PaO2/FiO2as the standard, all the three methods of pulmonary reexpansion could make the lungs obviously reexpanse. The PaO2/FiO2of each group before, 5 minutes after and 1 hour after reexpansion were respectively as below (SI group: 70. 4±14. 8 mmHg,306. 8±97. 5 mmHg,229. 6±116. 2 mmHg; IP group:74. 9±13. 6 mmHg,328. 0 ± 95. 5 mmHg,252. 8 ± 111. 0 mmHg; PCV group: 67. 8 ± 14. 9 mmHg, 304. 2 ±82. 2 mmHg,223. 7±83. 6 mmHg. P＜0. 01). There were no significant differences among the three methods in the effect of RM (P＞0. 05). PEEP of IP group is higher than that of PCV group at the time of maximum RM (20. 3±2. 5 cmH2O vs. 18. 5±1. 8 cmH2O,P＜0. 05). There were significant differences in the incidence of adverse reactions caused by the three methods (54. 5%(12/22) in SI group,35. 0%(7/20) in IP group and 9. 6%(2/21) in PCV group. The 14 d mortality of each group was 63. 6%(14/22) in SI group,70. 0%(14/20) in IP group and 61. 9%(13/21) in PCV group,with no significant difference (P＞0. 05) . Conclusion The effects of three methods of lung recruitment on severe pulmonary exogenous ARDS patients were similar, but there was no significant difference in prognosis. Adverse reactions of SI method leads to the greatest probability of discontinuation of lung recruitment,and that of the PCV method is the smallest. Under the same effect of lung recruitment, IP method needs higher PEEP than PCV method. In practice,PCV method should be preferred.

Ventilator management for acute respiratory distress syndrome associated with avian influenza A (H7N9) virus infection: A case series / 世界急诊医学杂志（英文）

BACKGROUND: Data on the mechanical ventilation (MV) characteristics and radiologic features for the cases with H7N9-induced ARDS were stil lacking. METHODS: We describe the MV characteristics and radiologic features of adult patients with ARDS due to microbiologically confirmed H7N9 admitted to our ICU over a 3-month period. RESULTS: Eight patients (mean age 57.38±16.75; 5 male) were diagnosed with H7N9 in the first quarter of 2014. All developed respiratory failure complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which required MV in ICU. The baseline APACHE II and SOFA score was 11.77±6.32 and 7.71±3.12. The overall CT scores of the patients was 247.68±34.28 and the range of CT scores was 196.3–294.7. The average MV days was 14.63±6.14, and 4 patients required additional rescue therapies for refractory hypoxemia. Despite these measures, 3 patients died. CONCLUSION: In H7N9-infected patients with ARDS, low tidal volume strategy was the conventional mode. RM as one of rescue therapies to refractory hypoxemia in these patients with serious architectural distortion and high CT scores, which could cause further lung damage, may induce bad outcomes and requires serious consideration. Prone ventilation may improve mortality, and should be performed at the early stage of the disease, not as a rescue therapy.

Clinical effects of pulmonary recruitment maneuvers combined with pressure regulation volume control in premature infants with severe respiratory distress syndrome / 中国新生儿科杂志

Objective To study the clinical effects of pulmonary recruitment maneuvers combined with pressure regulation volume control (PRVC) in the treatment of severe respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) in premature infants.Method From July 2015 to September 2016,preterm infants of grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ RDS who received PRVC treatment in neonatal department of Huai'an Maternal and Child Health Hospital were assigned into recruitment maneuver group and control group (without recruitment maneuver) using randon number table.The ventilator parameters were observed at 1,2,6,12,18 h and 24 h after ventilation.Recovery rate,duration of oxygen therapy and ventilation,duration of hospital stay,incidence of second dose of pulmonary surfactant and complications were compared between two groups.Result A total of 18 cases were included in recruitment maneuver group and 19 cases in control group.The recovery rate of recruitment maneuver group was higher than control group (16/18 vs.10/19).The duration of oxygen therapy [(6.6 ± 2.3) d vs.(11.8 ± 3.0) d],duration of ventilation [(4.1 ± 2.3) d vs.(6.4 ± 2.8) d],duration of hospital stay [(26.7 ± 7.0) d vs.(33.0 ± 8.4) d] in recruitment maneuver group were significantly shorter than control group (P ＜ 0.05).The proportion of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (1/18 vs.8/19),retinopathy of premature (1/18 vs.7/19),patent ductus arteriosus that require medication closure (1/18 vs.7/19)and incidence of second dose of pulmonary surfactant (2/18 vs.9/19) in recruitment maneuver group were significantly lower than control group (P ＜ 0.05).While the complication of air leak,necrotizing enteritis,Ⅲ-V grade intracranial hemorrhage showed no significant differences between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Recruitment maneuvers combined with PRVC in treatment of severe RDS premature infants can improve recovery rate and oxygenation.It can also shorten the duration of oxygen therapy,ventilation and hospital stay.It can reduce the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia and retinopathy of premature.It is worth spreading in clinical practice.reduce the incidence of bronchopuhmonary dysplasia and retinopathy.It is worthy of promotion.

Monitorización de la capacidad residual funcional en pacientes con síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda grave. Presentación de un caso y revisión de la literatura / Monitoring of residual functional capacity in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Case report and review of the literature / Monitorização da capacidade residual funcional em pacientes com SDRA grave. Apresentação de um caso e revisão da literatura

Resumen: Se presenta el caso de un paciente masculino en la quinta década de vida con diagnóstico de tumoración renal. Fue ingresado a cirugía para embolización selectiva de arteria renal ipsilateral al sitio de la lesión tumoral. Durante el periodo transoperatorio se presentó hemorragia masiva, por lo cual recibió múltiples transfusiones y se ingresó al área de terapia intensiva. Se documentó lesión renal aguda (AKIN III) y desarrollo de síndrome de dificultad respiratoria aguda (SDRA) grave de acuerdo con los Criterios de Berlín 2012. Se propusieron métodos no convencionales de ventilación entre los cuales la ventilación mecánica inversa, ventilación con liberación de presión (APRV)/bilateral y ventilación controlada a volumen y regulada a presión (PRVC) no mostraron mejoría. Se decidió cambio de estrategia a reclutamiento guiado por la capacidad residual funcional (CRF). Se observó una mejoría en los parámetros de ventilación y niveles de fracción de oxígeno inspirado (FiO2) y evolución grave con desarrollo de pancreatitis y sangrado que requirió intervención quirúrgica con posterior deceso del paciente. Se realiza presentación del caso así como de la revisión de la literatura para maniobras de reclutamiento guiado por CRF.

Abstract: We report the case of a male patient of the 5th decade of life with a diagnosis of renal tumor. Is entered surgery for selective embolization of renal artery ipsilateral to the site of the tumor lesion. During Trans operative, presented massive bleeding, receiving multiple transfusions, requiring admission to intensive care unit. Acute kidney injury (AKIN III) was documented, severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) development according to criteria of Berlin 2012. Unconventional modes of ventilation among which were reverse ventilation, bi-level (APRV) and PRVC were used without improvement. It was decided to change recruitment strategy led by FRC in view, with improved ventilation parameters and levels of FiO2. Poor outcome with subsequent development of pancreatitis and bleeding requiring reoperation with subsequent death of the patient. Case presentation and review of the literature for recruitment maneuvers guided by FRC in view is performed.

Resumo: Apresenta-se o caso de um paciente do sexo masculino na quinta década de vida com um diagnóstico de tumor renal. É admitido a cirurgia para embolização seletiva da artéria renal ipsilateral no local da lesão tumoral. Durante o período transoperatório, apresenta uma hemorragia profusa, pelo que recebeu múltiplas transfusões, e foi admitido na unidade de terapia intensiva. Documenta-se insuficiência renal aguda (AKI lll) e o desenvolvimento de SDRA grave de acordo com critérios de Berlim 2012. Proporciona-se métodos não convencionais de ventilação, entre os quais estavam a ventilação mecânica inversa, ventilação com liberação de pressão (APRV)/bilateral e ventilação controlada a volume e regulada para pressão (PRVC) sem melhoria. Determina-se a mudança de estratégia de recrutamento guiado pela capacidade residual funcional (CRF). Apresenta uma melhoria nos parâmetros de ventilação e níveis da fração de oxigênio inspirado (FiO2). Evolução grave com subsequente desenvolvimento de pancreatite e sangrando, necessitou de intervenção cirurgica, com posterior morte do paciente. É feita apresentação do caso, bem como a revisão da literatura para manobras de recrutamento guiado pelo CRF.

Improvement of postoperative pulmonary function during general anesthesia for open abdominal surgery with lung protective ventilation strategy and alveolar recruitment maneuvers / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To observe the improvement of postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for open abdominal surgery with lung protective ventilation strategies and alveolar recruitment maneuvers. Methods Seventy patients who underwent selective open abdominal surgery were selected, and they were divided into standard ventilation group (tidal volume 8 ml/kg) and protective ventilation group (tidal volume 6 ml/kg, 5 cmH2O positive end-expiratory pressure, and alveolar recruitment maneuvers, 1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) according to the random digits table method with 35 cases each. The airway pressure, blood pressure, pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2), end-tidal partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PETCO2) and adverse reactions were observed. The SpO2, partial pressure of O2 (PaO2) and pulmonary function before surgery and 1, 3, 5 d after surgery were measured. Results The respiratory rate, airway pressure and PETCO2 levels in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group: (12.3 ± 2.1) times/min vs. (10.2 ± 1.0) times/min, (15.1 ± 2.8) cmH2O vs. (13.5 ± 2.3) cmH2O, (34.6 ± 2.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) vs. (32.1 ± 1.4) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P0.05). The SpO2 and PaO2 levels at 1, 3 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group:0.951 ± 0.018 vs. 0.936 ± 0.016 and 0.964 ± 0.018 vs. 0.949 ± 0.018, (74.8 ± 6.8) mmHg vs. (65.0 ± 6.2) mmHg and (79.6 ± 6.0) mmHg vs. (70.6 ± 5.3) mmHg, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), percentage of the estimated value of FEV1, forced vital capacity (FVC) and percentage of the estimated value of FVC at 1, 3 and 5 d after surgery in protective ventilation group were significantly higher than those in standard ventilation group, the FEV1/FVC at 1 d after surgery was significantly higher than that in standard ventilation group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). Conclusions The lung protective ventilation strategy and alveolar recruitment maneuvers can improve the postoperative pulmonary function and oxygen partial pressure during general anesthesia for abdominal surgery. Low vital volume, appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure and recruitment maneuvers can protect the lung in general anesthesia patients.

Clinical application of different recruitment maneuvers in children with congenital heart disease complicated by acute respiratory distrees syndrome after surgery / 中华危重病急救医学

Objective To compare the individual effects of three recruitment maneuvers (RM) in children with congenital heart disease complicated by postoperation acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).Methods A prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial was conducted.Thirty-two children with congenital heart disease complicated with ARDS after open-heart surgery undergoing mechanical ventilation were randomized into three groups,to whom three different RM was respectively performed,namely sustained inflation (SI),progressively increased positive end expiratory pressure (IP) and pressure control ventilation (PCV).Blood gas analysis was done every 6 hours,and the lung RM was performed if oxygenation index (OI) ≤ 300 mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa).The OI,the dynamic lung compliance (Cdyn),as well as the parameters of hemodynamics before,during and after RM for 15,30,and 60 minutes were recorded and analyzed before and after RM.Results During the treatment process,the OI was significantly increased during the process and 15,30 or 60 minutes after RM compared with that before RM,with no statistical difference among groups (F value was 1.027,0.403,0.264,0.172,0.159,and P value was 0.367,0.671,0.769,0.843,0.853).The Cdyn at all time points in each group was also significantly increased,but there was no statistical difference among groups (F value was 0.009,0.015,0.206,0.010,0.389,and P value was 0.991,0.985,0.814,0.990,0.683).In the process of RM,the heart rate (HR) and mean arterial pressure (MAP) of the children were lowered compared with those before RM [HR (bpm):131.67 ± 9.56 vs.138.93 ± 5.22 in SI group,133.27 ± 9.54 vs.140.33 ± 7.74 in IP group,137.13 ± 7.39 vs.142.40 ± 9.18 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01;MAP (mmHg):55.07 ± 4.43 vs.65.87 ± 4.46 in SI group,58.82 ± 6.04 vs.64.02 ± 7.65 in IP group,57.89 ± 4.71 vs.65.36 ± 5.37 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01],but it recovered immediately.CVP in all three groups was increased during RM [cmH2O (1 cmH2O =0.098 kPa):11.60±0.99 vs.5.53±0.74 in SI group,10.33± 1.35 vs.5.40±0.74 in IP group,10.20±0.94 vs.5.80±0.68 in PCV group,all P ＜ 0.01].There was significant difference in CVP during RM among three groups (F =7.327,P =0.002),and CVP in SI group was higher than that of other two groups (both P ＜ 0.05).CVP returned to the former level in 15 minutes after RM in IP and PCV groups,and recovered in 30 minutes in SI group.Conclusions All of the RM methods can effectively improve oxygenation and pulmonary compliance of the children with complication of ARDS,and they complement the inadequacy of lung protective ventilation.PCV and IP are more effective than SI in the uniform re-expansion of alveoli after RM and recovery of hemodynamics.

Recruitment maneuvers in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中国小儿急救医学

Recently,alveolar recruitment maneuver is one of effective management of mechanically ventilated patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.Recruitment maneuvers are widely used in clinical practice to open the lung and prevent lung injury by derecruitment,improving the compliance,increasing PaO2,increasing the PaO2/FiO2 ratio,and reducing the pulmonary shunt fraction,although the evidence is still discussed.This review discussed recruitment maneuvers in pediatric patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Adjustment of positive end-expiratory pressure during presence of tonic diaphragm electrical activity in rabbits with acute respiratory distress syndrome / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To study the positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) adjustment after recruitment maneuver during acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) especially in the presence of tonic diaphragm electrical activity (Tonic EAdi) in order to obtain optimum PEEP and in turn to get successful oxygenation.Methods Rabbit model of ARDS was nade by intratracheal instillation of hydrochloric acid.After sufficient recruitment maneuvers,the rabbits were randomly (random number) divided into two groups,namely Tonic EAdi group ( n =5 ) and maximum oxygenation group ( n =5 ).In Tonic EAdi group,the regulation of PEEP was guided by Tonic EAdi.In maximum oxygenation group,PEEP was adjusted as per maximum oxygenation.The differences in magnitude of PEEP,pulmonary mechanics,gas exchange and hemodynamics were compared between two groups.The t-test was used to compare continuous variables between the two independent samples,and the difference was statistically significant when P ＜ 0.05.Results (1) PEEP:The PEEP was (10.7 + 1.4) cmH2O (1 cm H2O=0.098 kPa) in Tonic EAdi group and (10.0 ± 2.8) cm H2O in maximum oxygenation group (P ＞ 0.05). (2) Pulmonary mechanics:After PEEP adjustment,there was no significant difference in tidal volume ( Vr),peak pressure (Ppeak) and mean pressure (Pmean) between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).(3) Gas exchange:After PEEP adjustment,there was no significant difference in oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2) and partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide ( PaCO2 ) between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Tonic EAdi could be a good indicator for regulating PEEP in ARDS.

Análisis de las maniobras de reclutamiento alveolar aplicadas en siete Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo / Analysis of the alveolar recruitment maneuvers of applications in the intensive care units seven / Análise das manobras de recrutamento alveolar aplicadas em sete unidades de cuidado intensivo

Introducción: En los últimos años las maniobras de reclutamiento alveolar (MR) han despertado un interés creciente por su potencial beneficio en la protección pulmonar y se han ido introduciendo en la práctica clínica. Objetivo: Describir y analizar los conocimientos sobre las MR y su aplicación en siete Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo de la ciudad de Cali - Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal, con una muestra intencional de 64 profesionales que laboran en siete Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo de Cali y aplican las MR. La encuesta auto-administrada constaba de trece preguntas y el periodo de aplicación fue de dos meses. Resultados: De los 64 encuestados el 77,8% sigue una guía o protocolo para realizar las MR; el 54,7% utiliza durante la MR un nivel de Presión Positiva al Final de la Espiración (PEEP) ideal que asegure una saturación > de 90% y PaO2 > de 60 mmHg; el 42,1% acepta presiones en la vía aérea entre 35 y 50 cmH2O; el 48,4% realiza las MR con aumento progresivo de la PEEP y bajo volumen corriente. Conclusiones: Se encontró heterogeneidad en las respuestas relacionadas con el conocimiento de las MR. No existe en la actualidad un consenso acerca de cuál es la forma más eficaz y segura de aplicar una MR. Este estudio puede ser el punto de partida para un llamado de atención a la revisión de los conocimientos, competencias y habilidades que se requieren para realizar las MR.

Introduction: For the past years, alveolar recruitment maneuvers (RM) have originated a growing interest due to their beneficial potential in pulmonary protection, and have been introduced in clinical practice. Objective: Describe and analyze the knowledge of the MR and its application in seven intensive care units in the city of Cali, Colombia. Method and materials: Descriptive Cross-Sectional Study with an intentional sample of 64 professionals working in seven intensive care units and apply MR. The self-completed survey was made up of thirteen questions, and the application period was two months. Results: To perform RM, of 64 professionals survey, 77.8% of the healthcare providers that were polled follow a protocol guide, in which 54.7% answered that during RM the ideal Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) is the one which maintains a saturation > 90% and a PaO2 > 60 mmHg; 42.1% tolerates airway pressures between 35 and 50 cmH2O; 48.4% perform RM with a progressive increase of the PEEP and a low tidal volume. Conclusions: Regarding the knowledge related to RM, heterogeneity was found in the answers. There is currently no consensus about which is the most effective and secure way to implement an MR. This study can be the starting point to create awareness towards the revision of knowledge, capacities and abilities that are required to perform RM.

Introdução: Nos últimos anos as manobras de recrutamento alveolar (MR) têm despertado um interesse crescente por seu potencial benéfico na proteção pulmonar e têm-se ido introduzindo na prática clínica. Objetivo: Descrever e analisar os conhecimentos sobre as MR e sua aplicação em sete Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo da cidade de Cali - Colômbia. Materiais e métodos: Estudo descritivo de corte transversal, com uma amostra intencional de 64 profissionais que trabalham em sete Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo de Cali e aplicam as MR. A enquête auto-administrada constava de treze perguntas e o período de aplicação foi de sois meses. Resultados: Dos 64 pesquisados o 77,8% segue uma guia ou protocolo para realizar as MR; o 54,7% utiliza durante a MR um nível de Pressão Expiratória Positiva Final (PEEP) ideal que segure uma saturação > de 90% e PaO2 > de 60 mmHg; o 42,1% aceita pressões na via aérea entre 35 e 50 cmH2O; o 48,4% realiza as MR com aumento progressivo da PEEP e sob o volume corrente. Conclusões: Se encontrou heterogeneidade nas respostas relacionadas com o conhecimento das MR. Não existe na atualidade um consenso acerca de qual é a forma mais eficaz e segura de aplicar uma MR. Este estudo pode ser o ponto de partida para um chamado de atenção à revisão dos conhecimentos, competências e habilidades que se requerem para realizar as MR.

Comparative study of three recruitment maneuvers in acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by extrapulmonary disease / 中国医师进修杂志

Objective To evaluate the effects and side effects of three different recruitment maneuvers (RM) in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by extrapulmonary disease.Methods Forty-four patients of extrapulmonary ARDS, according to crossover design methods, were undergone three RM in different periods, including sustained inflation (SI), increase progressively positive end expiratory pressure (IP), pressure control ventilation (PCV). Heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), central venous pressure (CVP), oxygenation index, lung compliance were recorded before and after RM, and were analyzed for statistical analysis. Results Oxygenation index and lung compliance were increased obviously in a short time after RM, improvement of IP method were better more obviously than the other two methods [1 h oxygenation index after RM:227 ± 42 vs 190 ± 19,186 ± 21; lung compliance:(59.4±12.5 ) ml/cm H2O(1 cm H2O = 0.098 kPa) vs (50.1 ± 9.3 ), (49.7 ± 10.6) ml/cm H2O;P＜ 0.05], 2h after RM,there were no statistical difference among the three methods (P＞0.05). After RM,HR and CVPwere increased, MAP was decreased in a short time, changes of SI method were smaller than the other two inethods [10 min HR after RM: (94.0±10.3 ) beats/min vs (116.0 ± 14.8 ), ( 107.0 ± 5.7 ) beats/min; CVP:(13.7±3.1 )cm H2O vs ( 18.4 ± 6.7 ), ( 15.4 ± 2.7 )cm H2O; MAP: ( 87.0 ± 12.1 ) mm Hg( 1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) vs (73.0 ± 4.8), (81.0 ± 6.6) mm Hg;P＜ 0.05), 20 min after RM, there were no statistical difference among the three methods (P＞ 0.05). Conclusion When extrapulmonary ARDS undergo RM ,IP method is the most effective on increasing oxygenation index and lung compliance, SI method has the smallest side effect on hemodynamics.

Comparison of the effects of two types of recruitment maneuver used in patients with ARDS / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective To investigate and compare the effects of sustained inflation (SI) and pressure controlled ventilation (PCV) on lung recruitment in patients with ARDS, and on hemodynamics and respiratory mechanics of patients. Methods Ten patients with ARDS were included in this randomized clinical trial ( RCT), and SI (40 cmH20, 40s) and PCV (20 cmH20, 2 min) were successively applied to each patient under sedation, non-muscle relaxation state. There was a elution period between two types of recruitment maneuver (RM). Parameters of respiratory mechanics, gas exchange and hemodynamics were measured before RM (T0), 5 min after RM (T2) and one hour after RM (T3). Parameters of respiratory mechanics and hemodynamics were measured during the period of RM (Tl). Results (1) The PaO2 at T2 and T3 increased significantly in comparison with that at To ( P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in PaO2 between two types of RM (P > 0.05). There were no significant differences in PaCO2 between two types of RM at each interval (P > 0.05). (2) The cardiac index ( CI) at T1 decreased significantly compared with that at To in two types of RM (P < 0.05), but there was difference in CI between two types of RM (P > 0.05). There were no differences in MAP and HR at these intervals (P > 0.05). (3) The functional residual capacity (FRC) at T2 and T3 increased significantly in comparison with that at To in two types of RM (P < 0.05). The static compliance (Cs) at T1 improved significantly (P < 0.05), but there was no difference in Cs between two types of RM ( P > 0.05). There was no difference in plateau pressure (Pplat) at all intervals (P >0.05). Conclusions The oxygenation, FRC, and Cs improve significantly in both SI-RM and PCV-RM, and the effects of two types of RM are similar. The SI-RM and PCV-RM have the similar impact on circulatory system during RM.

The Effect and Safety of Alveolar Recruitment Maneuver using Pressure-Controlled Ventilation in Acute Lung Injury and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome / 결핵및호흡기질환

BACKGROUND: Alveolar recruitment (RM) is one of the primary goals of respiratory care for an acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The purposes of alveolar recruitment are an improvement in pulmonary gas exchange and the protection of atelectrauma. This study examined the effect and safety of the alveolar RM using pressure control ventilation (PCV) in early ALI and ARDS patients. METHODS: Sixteen patients with early ALI and ARDS who underwent alveolar RM using PCV were enrolled in this study. The patients' data were recorded at the baseline, and 20 minutes, and 60 minutes after alveolar RM, and on the next day after the maneuver. Alveolar RM was performed with an inspiratory pressure of 30 cmH2O and a PEEP of 20 cmH2O in a 2-minute PCV mode. The venous O2 saturation, central venous pressure, blood pressure, pulse rate, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, PEEP, and chest X-ray findings were obtained before and after alveolar RM. RESULTS: Of the 16 patients, 3 had extra-pulmonary ALI/ARDS and the remaining 13 had pulmonary ALI/ARDS. The mean PEEP was 11.3 mmHg, and the mean PaO2/FiO2 ratio was 130.3 before RM. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio increased by 45% after alveolar RM. The PaO2/FiO2 ratio reached a peak 60 minutes after alveolar RM. The PaCO2 increased by 51.9 mmHg after alveolar RM. The mean blood pressure was not affected by alveolar RM. There were no complications due to pressure injuries such as a pneumothorax, pneumomediastinum, and subcutaneous emphysema. CONCLUSION: In this study, alveolar RM using PCV improved the level of oxygenation in patients with an acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Moreover, there were no significant complications due to hemodynamic changes and pressure injuries. Therefore, alveolar RM using PCV can be applied easily and safely in clinical practice with lung protective strategy in early ALI and ARDS patients.

Effect of Recruiting Maneuvers in a Patient with Acute Lung Injury after Femoral Nailing: A case report / 대한마취과학회지

Recruitment maneuvers have been increasingly used to reverse the alveolar derecruitment associated with low tidal volume ventilation in patients with acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome. We report a case of improved oxygenation without hypotension or lung rupture, due to an early application of recruitment maneuvers (40 cmH2O of continuous positive airway pressure for 40 s, three times [at 4.5 h, 5 h, 7 h], guided by pulse oximetry) followed by a mechanical pressure controlled ventilation with 20 cmH2O of positive end-expiratory pressure in acute lung injury after femoral intramedullary nailing.

Effects of Lung Recruitment Maneuvers in Patients with Acute Respiration Distress Syndrome / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical effects, therapy safety and maintenance time of recruitment maneuvers (RM) combined with lung protective strategy in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Methods Thirty-two ventilated patients with ARDS underwent RM using a pressure of 30cmH_2O for 30s, without any sedatives and neuromuscular blocking agents. Results Compared with before RM, both oxhemoglobin saturation measured by pulse oximetry (SpO_2) and partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO_2) were significantly increased during one hour after applying RM. SpO_2 increased significantly within two hours after RM. The peak inspiratory pressures (PIP), heart rate (HR) and Pplateau inspiratory pressures (Pplate) had not significant difference between after and before RM, but respiratory system compliance (Crs) increased markedly in one hour after RM (P