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Aims@#Pigments are coloured substances that exhibit important characteristics to many industries including food, textile, cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical and also aquaculture industry. Naturally derived pigments from marine bacteria do not only exhibit the tinctorial property but are also known to possess broad range of antimicrobial activities. From the industrial point of view, the necessity to obtain suitable culture conditions for maximum yield of cell growth and pigment production is of utmost importance. @*Methodology and results@#The effect of cultural conditions, including light, pH, temperature, agitation speed and size of inoculum on bioactivity of an epiphytic marine bacteria, Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL was studied using shake flask technology. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the Lorian method. As a result, prodigiosin pigment extract obtained from P. rubra BF1A IBRL showed inhibitory activity against the MRSA strain. Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL produced the highest level of prodigiosin and anti-MRSA activity (P<0.05) in Marine broth at initial pH of 7.6 incubated at dark condition at temperature of 26 °C, agitation speed of 120 rpm and 2% (v/v) (1 × 106 CFU/mL) of inoculums size. @*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#A high correlation between pigmentation and antibacterial activity were observed anticipating that the pigment has its own antibacterial properties. The above findings supported the fact that epiphytic marine bacteria were fruitful source for pigmented bioactive compounds, and the physical parameters had significantly influence of the pigment production.
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Aims@#Pigments are coloured substances that exhibit important characteristics to many industries including food, textile, cosmetics, food, pharmaceutical and also aquaculture industry. Naturally derived pigments from marine bacteria do not only exhibit the tinctorial property but are also known to possess broad range of antimicrobial activities. From the industrial point of view, the necessity to obtain suitable culture conditions for maximum yield of cell growth and pigment production is of utmost importance. @*Methodology and results@#The effect of cultural conditions, including light, pH, temperature, agitation speed and size of inoculum on bioactivity of an epiphytic marine bacteria, Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL was studied using shake flask technology. The antimicrobial activity was determined using the Lorian method. As a result, prodigiosin pigment extract obtained from P. rubra BF1A IBRL showed inhibitory activity against the MRSA strain. Pseudoalteromonas rubra BF1A IBRL produced the highest level of prodigiosin and anti-MRSA activity (P<0.05) in Marine broth at initial pH of 7.6 incubated at dark condition at temperature of 26 °C, agitation speed of 120 rpm and 2% (v/v) (1 × 106 CFU/mL) of inoculums size. @*Conclusion, significance and impact of study@#A high correlation between pigmentation and antibacterial activity were observed anticipating that the pigment has its own antibacterial properties. The above findings supported the fact that epiphytic marine bacteria were fruitful source for pigmented bioactive compounds, and the physical parameters had significantly influence of the pigment production.
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Background: Light can be absorbed by bacterial pigment and affects its growth. Prodigiosin is a red pigment found in various bacterial species. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impacts of light on prodigiosin production, biomass formation, and membrane integrity of Serratia marcescens y2. Results: S. marcescens y2 grew better and produced more intracellular prodigiosin in darkness than in illumination. The pigment leakage ratio from cells was detected more in light than in darkness conditions. Ethidium bromide uptake assay could visually prove the prodigiosin-related loss of membrane integrity under illumination. A higher concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA) was detected in light-treated culture than in darkness. Tests of different light treatments (red, yellow, blue and green) showed that the maximum extracellular pigment and the minimum biomass formation and intracellular pigment were obtained in green light. Conclusions: Prodigiosin could absorb light, and then initiate phototoxicity damage of the cytomembrane.
Subject(s)
Prodigiosin , Serratia marcescens/metabolism , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Lighting , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Biomass , EthidiumABSTRACT
Objective To approch acne characteristics and to facilitate its treatment by comparing the skin physiology function of patients with acne and healthy individuals.Methods Forty patients with acne and 40 healthy controls were included into this study.Cutometer,Sebumeter,Corneometer,Tewameter,and Mexameter were used,respectively,to measure the skin elasticity,sebum,water,t rans-epidermis water loss and red pigment index in the following facial areas:forehead,lateral canthus,right and left cheek,right and left U-zone.Results A significant increase was observed in the level of sebum in the forehead,right and left cheek of patients as compared with controls (P＜ 0.05).A significant decrease was observed in the level of water in the right and left cheek and U-zone of patients compared with controls (P＜0.05).A significant decrease was observed in the level of trans-epidermis water loss in the right and left cheek and forehead of patients compared with controls (P＜0.05).A significant increase was observed in the level of red pigment index in the right and left cheek,forehead,right and left U-zone of patients compared with controls (P＜0.05).However,the level of skin elasticity was of no significant difference between the patients and controls (P＞0.05).Conclusions Compared with the controls facial sebum secretion is increased with reduced skin barrier function in patients with acne.
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Introduction Pseudolymphoma is a rare complication of tattooing, presenting with infiltrated areas often at the site of a red tattoo and postulated to be an allergic reaction to mercury salt. When present, it may be mistaken for the more commonly occurring tattoo-associated granuloma. Case summary We describe a 47-year old female who developed nodular areas on her tattoo four months after placement by a professional tattoo artist. The nodules were restricted to the red regions and spared the blue-black areas of tattoed skin. Initial differentials included a foreign body or sarcoidal granuloma and contact dermatitis to the red dye. Histology revealed a top-heavy lymphocytic infiltrate spanning most of the dermis, with numerous eosinophils. Dark red, non-polarisable exogenous pigment was scattered throughout the dermis, in association with the inflammatory infiltrate. The epidermis showed intense spongiosis and eosinophilic exocytosis. A final diagnosis of tattoo-induced pseudolymphoma was made. Pseudolymphoma, foreign body and sarcoidal granulomatous reaction patterns from tattoos occur more commonly in red tattoos. Biopsy with histology is required to differentiate these three disorders with divergent management. We review the literature on tattoo-induced pseudolymphoma and highlight the pitfalls associated with the diagnosis.
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Objective The properties of anthocyanins in Suaeda heteroptera Kitag.were investigated.Methods Properties of the extract were determined via spectral absorption,physco-chemical analyses.Results Spectrogram results showed that the red pigment was classified to anthocyanins.The color properties of the pigment were similar to plant anthocyanins and pH changes could affect the tone of the color.The pigment was soluble in water,alcohol;slightly soluble in acetone;and insoluble in petroleum ether.Under natural light,degradation of the pigment could be accelerated.High temperature was disadvantage to the pigment stability.Redox stability was very low.Fe~(2+),Mg~(2+),Cu~(2+) and Mn~(2+) did not significant affect the tone of the color.Conclusion The pigment from Suaeda heteroptera Kitag.is water-soluble anthocyanins,and may be important nature edible pigment resource.
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The cholesterol oxidase producing strain Brevibacterium sp.DGCDC-82 was treated with NTG (1 mg/mL)under ultrasonicztion(200 W,50 kHz).A red mutant named Brevibacterium sp.DGCCN-25 showed higher and stable production of cholesterol oxidase was obtained.The enzyme activity was increased by 140%,it is 1.24 U/mL.Then dealed with DGCCN-25 using the same method,two revertants were obtained,one was white and the other was rose pink.The enzyme activity of two revertants was obvious decrease,they are 0.17 U/mL and 0.69 U/mL.The results showed the positive correlation between COD acticity and red pigment producing by Brevibacterium sp..The relativity model can be used as a method of screening for mutation and directed evolution.