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1.
Rev. argent. cardiol ; 91(2): 117-124, jun. 2023. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1529589

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Antecedentes : El diagnóstico diferencial entre la taquicardia reentrante ortodrómica (TRO) y la taquicardia por reentrada nodal atípica (TRNa) puede ser dificultoso. Nuestra hipótesis es que las TRNa tienen más variabilidad en el tiempo de con ducción retrógrada al comienzo de la taquicardia que las TRO. Nuestros objetivos fueron evaluar la variabilidad en el tiempo de conducción retrógrada al inicio de la taquicardia en TRNa y TRO, y proponer una nueva herramienta diagnóstica para diferenciar estas dos arritmias. Métodos : Se midió el intervalo ventrículo-auricular (VA) de los primeros latidos tras la inducción de la taquicardia, hasta su estabilización. La diferencia entre el intervalo VA máximo y el mínimo se definió como delta VA (ΔVA). También contamos el número de latidos necesarios para que se estabilice el intervalo VA. Se excluyeron las taquicardias auriculares. Resultados : Se incluyeron 101 pacientes. Se diagnosticó TRO en 64 pacientes y TRNa en 37. El ΔVA fue 0 (rango intercuartílico, RIC, 0-5) milisegundos (ms) en la TRO frente a 40 (21-55) ms en la TRNa (p < 0,001). El intervalo VA se estabilizó significativamente antes en la TRO (1,5 [1-3] latidos) que en la TRNa (5 [4-7] latidos; p < 0,001). Un ΔVA < 10 ms diagnosticó TRO con 100% de sensibilidad, especificidad y valores predictivos positivo y negativo. La estabilización del intervalo VA en menos de 3 latidos predijo TRO con buena precisión diagnóstica. Los resultados fueron similares considerando sólo vías accesorias septales. Las TRN típicas tuvieron una variación intermedia. Conclusión : Un ΔVA < 10 ms es un criterio simple, que distingue con precisión la TRO de la TRNa, independientemente de la localización de la vía accesoria.


ABSTRACT Background : Differential diagnosis between orthodromic reentrant tachycardia (ORT) and atypical nodal reentrant tachy cardia (ANRT) can be challenging. Our hypothesis was that ANRT presents more variability in retrograde conduction time at tachycardia onset than ORT. Objectives : The objectives of this study were to assess retrograde conduction time variability at the start of tachycardia in ANRT and ORT, and postulate a new diagnostic tool to differentiate these two types of arrhythmias. Methods : The ventriculoatrial (VA) interval of the first beats after tachycardia induction was measured until stabilization. The difference between the maximum and minimum VA interval was defined as delta VA (ΔVA), and the number of beats needed for VA interval stabilization was also assessed. Atrial tachycardias were excluded. Results : In a total of 101 patients included in the study, ORT was diagnosed in 64 patients and ANRT in 37. ΔVA interval was 0 (interquartile range [IQR] 0-5) milliseconds (ms) in ORT vs. 40 (21-55) ms in ANRT (p <0.001). The VA interval significantly stabilized earlier in ORT (1.5 [1-3] beats) than in ANRT (5 [4-7] beats) (p<0.001). A ΔVA <10 ms diagnosed ORT with 100% sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. Ventriculoatrial interval stabilization in less than 3 beats predicted ORT with good diagnostic accuracy. The results were similar considering only accessory septal pathways. Typical NRTs presented an intermediate variation. Conclusion : Presence of DVA <10 ms is a simple criterion that accurately differentiates ORT from ANRT, independently of the accessory pathway localization.

2.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 51(4)dic. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1441650

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La fibrilación auricular o atrial fue considerada durante mucho tiempo como una alternativa al ritmo sinusal y es en la actualidad un serio problema de salud en muchos países del mundo, a la cual se le asocian muchos factores de riesgo como la insuficiencia cardiaca, la hipertensión arterial y la diabetes mellitus. Es la arritmia más prevalente en la práctica clínica. Objetivo: Caracterizar a la fibrilación auricular en cuanto a sus manifestaciones clínicas y tratamiento. Desarrollo: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de artículos publicados desde 2010 hasta 2020. Se consultaron las bases de datos SciELO, EBSCO, PubMed/Medline, Dialnet y revistas de acceso abierto, se emplearon los descriptores fibrilación auricular, arritmia supraventricular y mecanismos de reentrada, en idioma español e inglés. Se seleccionaron 25 referencias las cuales incluyen artículos científicos, anuario estadístico y guías de práctica clínica. En la literatura consultada se señaló que la fibrilación auricular es una arritmia supraventricular que se observa electrocardiográficamente como oscilaciones basales de baja amplitud con un ritmo ventricular irregular, que se produce por mecanismos de reentrada únicos o múltiples que generan una conducción eléctrica desordenada y generalmente se manifiesta por palpitaciones, fatiga y disnea, aunque pudiera ser asintomática. Conclusiones: Se constata que esta arritmia posee un cuadro clínico y electrocardiográfico reconocido y ampliamente estudiado. Se describen diversas clasificaciones y mecanismos fisiopatológicos, de acuerdo con sus etiologías. Los métodos diagnósticos y terapéuticos se encuentran en constante desarrollo y perfeccionamiento.


Introduction: Atrial fibrillation was considered for decades as an alternative for sinus rhythm and nowadays it is a severe health problem in many countries of the world associated with some risks factors as cardiac insufficiency, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. It is the most common type of arrhythmia in clinic marks. Objective: Characterize atrial fibrillation in terms of its clinical manifestations and treatment. Development: A bibliographical review was made on published articles from 2010 to 2020. Data Bases like SciELO, EBSCO, PubMed/Medline, Dialnet and open-access magazines were consulted, using the descriptive words atrial fibrillation, supraventricular arrhythmia and reentrance mechanisms for English and Spanish languages. A total of 28 references were selected. In the literature was checked that atrial fibrillation is a supraventricular arrhythmia that can be identified on electrocardiogram by low-amplitude basalts oscillations with an irregular ventricular rhythm. It is produced by unique or multiple reentrance mechanisms that generate a disordered electrical conduction and usually it is accompanied with palpitations, fatigue and dyspnea, but it could also be asymptomatic. Conclusions: Atrial fibrillation has studied clinical signs and treatment is oriented in four directions; frequency controlling, rhythm controlling, thromboembolism prevention and risks factors management.

4.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 27(5): 469-472, sep.-oct. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: biblio-1289257

ABSTRACT

Resumen La taquicardia por reentrada nodal es la arritmia más frecuente entre las taquicardias supraventriculares paroxísticas; la variedad lenta-rápida es la más común. En muchos casos la ablación de la vía lenta es el tratamiento definitivo y puede llegar a tener alta tasa de éxito y baja frecuencia de complicaciones. La presencia de una vena cava superior izquierda y la ausencia de vena cava superior derecha con drenaje venoso sistémico superior al seno coronario es una malformación congénita poco frecuente, la cual genera alteraciones anatómicas que dificultan el abordaje tradicional para la ablación de esta arritmia. Se presenta el caso de una paciente con esta condición en la que fue exitosa la ablación mediante ecocardiografía intracardiaca y reconstrucción tridimensional.


Abstract Nodal re-entrant tachycardia is the most common arrhythmia among the paroxysmal atrioventricular tachycardias, with the slow-fast variant being the most common. In many cases, the ablation of the slow pathway is the definitive treatment in many cases, often with a high rate of success and low frequency of complications. The presence of a left superior vena cava and the absence of a right superior vena cava with systematic venous drainage above the coronary sinus is a rare congenital malformation that leads to anatomical anomalies. These make it difficult to use the traditional approach for the ablation of this arrhythmia. The case is presented of a patient with this condition in which the ablation was successful using intracardiac echocardiography and three-dimensional reconstruction.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Tachycardia, Paroxysmal , Congenital Abnormalities , Vena Cava, Superior , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry
5.
CorSalud ; 12(3): 247-253, jul.-set. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1154029

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN Introducción: Existen algunos estudios que relacionan parámetros de la onda P con diferentes tiempos de conducción auricular, pero no se han realizado teniendo en cuenta a cada derivación del electrocardiograma. Objetivo: Determinar la duración de la onda P (Pdur) en las 12 derivaciones y relacionarlas con el tiempo de conducción interauricular. Método: Estudio de corte transversal en 153 pacientes adultos con diagnóstico confirmado de taquicardia por reentrada intranodal (TRIN) o vías accesorias mediante estudio electrofisiológico invasivo. Resultados: Al comparar la Pdur entre sustratos arrítmicos por cada derivación, no existieron diferencias significativas, excepto en V6. En las derivaciones DII, DIII, aVR, aVF, V1 y de V3-V6 la Pdur se correlacionó con el tiempo de conducción interauricular en ambos sustratos arrítmicos. En el análisis multivariado, la Pdur constituyó un predictor independiente de tiempos de conducción interauricular ≥ 95 percentil, en las derivaciones de cara inferior y en V3, V5 y V6. Se observaron altos valores del área bajo la curva de la Característica Operativa del Receptor en las derivaciones DII (0,950; p<0,001), DIII (0,850; p<0,001) y V5 (0,891; p<0,001). Conclusiones: No existen diferencias por derivación en la Pdur al comparar casos con TRIN y vías accesorias, excepto en V6. La mayoría de las derivaciones se correlacionaron con el tiempo de conducción interauricular. La Pdur fue un predictor independiente de tiempos de conducción interauricular ≥ 95 percentil. La derivación DII presenta la mayor capacidad discriminativa para encontrar valores prolongados del tiempo de conducción interauricular.


ABSTRACT Introduction: Although some studies relate P wave parameters to different atrial conduction times, they do not consider each electrocardiogram lead separately. Objective: To determine the duration of P wave (Pdur) in the 12 leads of the electrocardiogram and relate it to the interatrial conduction time. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 153 adult patients with confirmed diagnosis of atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia (AVNRT) or accessory pathways by invasive electrophysiological study. Results: When comparing the Pdur between arrhythmic substrates by each lead, no significant differences were found, except for V6. In leads II, III, aVR, aVF, V1 and V3-V6, Pdur was correlated with the interatrial conduction time in both arrhythmic substrates. In our multivariate analysis, the Pdur was an independent predictor of interatrial conduction times ≥ 95 percentile in inferior wall leads and in V3, V5 and V6. High values of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve were observed in II (0.950; p<0.001), III (0.850; p<0.001) and V5 (0.891; p<0.001) leads. Conclusions: The Pdur showed no difference by leads when comparing cases with AVNRT and accessory pathways, except for V6. Most of the leads were correlated with the interatrial conduction time; Pdur was an independent predictor of interatrial conduction times ≥ 95 percentile. Lead II has the greatest discriminatory ability to find prolonged values of interatrial conduction time.


Subject(s)
Tachycardia , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac , Electrocardiography , Accessory Atrioventricular Bundle
6.
Rev. méd. Hosp. José Carrasco Arteaga ; 12(2): 98-105, 31-07-2020. Tablas, Gráficos
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1178726

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las taquicardias supraventriculares son comunes en la práctica clínica, a pesar de tener buen pronóstico, puede afectar significativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes. El tratamiento médico no da como resultado la ausencia total de la arritmia, por lo que la terapia por ablación se ha convertido en el tratamiento de elección en muchos de los casos por su alto índice de éxito brindando una solución definitiva. El objetivo de este estudio es determinar la frecuencia de presentación de las principales taquicardias supraventriculares, distribuidas por edad y sexo, la frecuencia de éxito de la ablación percutánea y los factores relacionados con el mismo y la frecuencia de las complicaciones presentadas. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal y de correlación, que incluyó 156 con diagnóstico de taquicardia supraventricular y ablacionados en los cinco centros hospitalarios en donde se realizó el procedimiento, basándonos en los registros clínicos de los mismos. RESULTADOS: De los 156 pacientes, 51.9% fueron mujeres y 48.1% hombres, con edades comprendidas entre los 10 y 80 años de edad. Las arritmias reportadas fueron taquicardia de reentrada nodal, taquicardia reentrante auriculoventricular y flutter auricular, de estas la más frecuente fue la taquicardia por reentrada auriculoventricular. El éxito global del tratamiento fue del 93.5%, sin reportar complicaciones, los factores relacionados estudiados no presentaron asociación estadísticamente significativa. CONCLUSIÓN: El tratamiento por ablación tuvo un alto porcentaje de éxito y una tasa nula de complicaciones, esto es un indicador tanto de eficacia como seguridad de este procedimiento.(au)


BACKGROUND: Supraventricular tachycardia is commonly diagnosed in clinical practice, despite having a good prognosis, it can significantly affect the patient's life quality. Pharmacological treatment does not result in the total absence of the arrhythmia, which is why ablation therapy has become the treatment of choice, due to its high success rate, and for offering a definitive solution. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency of each supraventricular tachycardia type, according to age and sex, the rate of success of percutaneous ablation and its related factors, and the frequency of complications due to the procedure. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted, including 156 patients diagnosed with supraventricular tachycardia and ablated, from five hospitals where the procedure was performed, based on their clinical records. RESULTS: From the 156 patients in this study, 51.9% were women and 48.1% men, the age ranged between 10 and 80 years. The most commonly reported arrhythmias were nodal reentrant tachycardia, atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia and atrial flutter, being the atrioventricular reentrant tachycardia the most frequent of all. The global success rate was 93.5%, no complications were reported, and none of the studied factors had significant statistical association with the success rate. CONCLUSION: Ablation treatment had a high success rate, with cero complications in this study, demonstrating the efficacy and safety of the procedure.(au)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Tachycardia , Tachycardia, Supraventricular , Therapeutics , Diagnosis , Methods
7.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 23(3): 168-171, mayo-jun. 2016. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS, COLNAL | ID: lil-791273

ABSTRACT

El síndrome de repolarización precoz el cual está determinado por el punto J y el segmento S-T en el electrocardiograma, anteriormente se creía que era un patrón benigno. En las últimas décadas se ha demostrado su carácter maligno cuando se presenta en las derivaciones inferiores y/o las laterales dado su potencial para desencadenar arritmias letales (ocurre en un 1-13% de la población general y en un 15-70% de los casos de fibrilación ventricular idiopática), como es el caso de la taquicardia ventricular polimórfica idiopática que puede degenerar en la fibrilación ventricular y la muerte súbita. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 41 años de edad, quien presenta inicialmente episodios de palpitaciones, síncope y muerte súbita en quien posteriormente se evidencia un trastorno de repolarización precoz tipo 2.


It used to be believed that the syndrome of early repolarization, which is determined by the point J and ST segment on the electrocardiogram, was a benign pattern. In recent decades its malign character has been shown when presented in the inferior leads and/or side given its potential to trigger lethal arrhythmias (occurs 1-13% of the general population and in 15-70% of cases of idiopathic ventricular fibrillation), as in the case of idiopathic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that can degenerate into ventricular fibrillation and sudden death. A case of a 41 year-old patient who initially presented episodes of palpitations, syncope and sudden death is presented, in whom subsequently early repolarization type 2 disorder is evidenced.


Subject(s)
Humans , Death, Sudden , Ion Channels
8.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 64(1): 111-121, ene.-mar. 2016. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-779673

ABSTRACT

Las taquicardias supraventriculares son un grupo de entidades clínicas prevalentes en la población general, pero que afectan con mayor frecuencia a la población adulta; son ritmos rápidos y generalmente regulares en los cuales se encuentra implicada alguna estructura por encima de la bifurcación del haz de His para formación o perpetuación. El diagnóstico de estas entidades requiere un abordaje clínico sistemático, siendo el electrocardiograma de superficie la principal herramienta para su adecuada clasificación. El tratamiento de las taquicardias supraventriculares dependerá del estado hemodinámico del paciente, el cual definirá el requerimiento de terapia eléctrica o tratamiento médico. Se debe hacer una selección adecuada de los pacientes que requieren estudio electrofisiológico y ablación.


Supraventricular tachycardias are a set of clinical entities prevalent in the general population, but it is the adult population the most frequently affected by them. They are fast and usually regular rhythms in which some structures involved over the bundle of His bifurcation for its formation or maintenance are found. The diagnosis of these entities requires a systematic clinical approach being the surface electrocardiogram the main tool for their proper classification. Treatment of supraventricular tachycardias depends on the patient´s hemodynamic status, which will define the need of electrical therapy or medical treatment. An appropriate selection of patients requiring electrophysiological study and ablation should be made.

9.
Arq. Inst. Biol ; 83: e1052014, 2016. graf
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1006836

ABSTRACT

Organophosphate pesticides are among those with the highest acute toxicity and are available on the market and used in several regions of Brazil. The concentration and residence time of the organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos, in the air after application in a greenhouse were investigated. For more than 24 h, the chlorpyrifos remained in the greenhouse air at concentrations three times above the occupational exposure limit and was still detectable four days later.(AU)


Os inseticidas organofosforados estão entre os agrotóxicos de maior toxicidade aguda disponíveis no mercado e são usados em várias regiões do Brasil. Avaliaram-se a concentração e o tempo de permanência do inseticida organofosforado clorpirifós no ar, após aplicação em uma casa de vegetação. O clorpirifós permaneceu no ar da casa de vegetação em concentração três vezes acima do limite de exposição ocupacional por mais de 24 horas, e ainda foi detectado após quatro dias.(AU)


Subject(s)
Occupational Exposure , Agrochemicals , Insecticides, Organophosphate/analysis
10.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 28(4): 171-174, out.-dez. 2015. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-788754

ABSTRACT

Na taquicardia por reentrada nodal atrioventricular, a necessidade do átrio para a manutenção da taquicardia é controverso. Descrevemos um caso de fibrilação atrial ocorrendo durante taquicardia por reentrada nodal atrioventricular sem afetar o ciclo da arritmia, e discutimos as evidências favorecendo a presença de umavia comum superior.


In Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia the requirement of the atrium for the maintenance oftachycardia is controversial. We describe a case of atrial fibrillation that occurred during Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry Tachycardia without affecting the arrhythmia cycle, and discuss the evidences favoring the presence ofan upper common pathway.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Atrial Fibrillation/complications , Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/complications , Tachycardia, Supraventricular/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/complications , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/diagnosis , Catheters , Heart Atria , Heart Ventricles
11.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 83(3): 185-188, jul.-sept. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-703015

ABSTRACT

La complejidad anatómica y la variabilidad en el sistema de conducción en la transposición congénita corregida de los grandes vasos plantean intervenciones con el uso de recursos tecnológicos que faciliten un desenlace favorable. Describimos un caso de ablación de taquicardia por reentrada intranodal en donde el mapeo no fluoroscópico facilitó una intervención compleja.


The anatomy in congenital corrected transposition of the great arteries is complex and the conduction system may experience large degrees of variation. Invasive procedures should be done with the use of the highest possible technological sources to warrant success. We describe here, a patient with recurrent atrioventricular node reentry tachycardia where non-fluoroscopic navigation system helped in a complex ablation.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Cardiac Imaging Techniques , Catheter Ablation , Imaging, Three-Dimensional , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Fluoroscopy , Recurrence , Transposition of Great Vessels/surgery
12.
Biosalud ; 10(2): 48-56, jul.-dic. 2011. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-656866

ABSTRACT

Introducción: la fibrilación auricular (AF), es la más común de la arritmia cardiaca sostenida y un factor de riesgo para el accidente cerebro vascular y otras morbilidades, si no es tratada. Estudios epidemiológicos muestran que la AF tiende a perpetuarse con el tiempo, generando cambios electrofisiológicos y anatómicos denominados: remodelados auriculares. Se ha demostrado que estos cambios provocan variaciones de la velocidad de conducción (CV), en el tejido auricular. Objetivo: estudiar el efecto del remodelado de gap junctions en la propagación del potencial de acción, implementando un modelo 3D de aurícula humana altamente realista. Materiales y Métodos: se incorporaron los cambios generados por el remodelado eléctrico a un modelo de potencial de acción (AP) de miocito auricular, acoplado con un modelo tridimensional anatómicamente realista de aurícula humana dilatada. Mediante simulaciones de la propagación del AP en condiciones de remodelado eléctrico y anatómico, y de remodelado de gap junctions, se midieron las ventanas vulnerables de generación de reentradas en la base de las venas pulmonares izquierdas de la aurícula. Resultados: los resultados obtenidos indican que la ventana vulnerable en el remodelado de gap junctions, se desplazó 38 ms con relación al modelo dilatado, lo que nos muestra el impacto de la dilatación con remodelado de gap junction. Conclusiones: el remodelado eléctrico generó una disminución del 70 % en la duración del potencial de acción y una disminución de las velocidades de conducción entre un 14.6 y un 26 %, que fueron medidas en diferentes regiones de la aurícula dilatada. El foco disparado en la base de las venas pulmonares izquierdas, generó un frente de onda que mantiene una actividad reentrante debido a la anatomía subyacente de las venas pulmonares.


Introduction: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and a significant risk factor for cerebrovascular accident and other morbidities if left untreated. Epidemiological studies show that AF tends to persist over time, creating electrophysiological and anatomical changes called atrial remodeling. It has been shown that these changes result in variations in conduction velocity (CV) in the atrial tissue. Objective: to study the effect of remodeling of gap junctions in the propagation of the action potential by implementing a highly realistic 3D human atrial model. Materials and methods: the changes caused by electrical remodeling were incorporated in an atrial myocyte action potential (AP) model coupled with an anatomically realistic three-dimensional model of dilated human atria. Through simulations of the AP spread in variations of anatomical and electrical remodeling and of gap junctions remodeling, vulnerable windows of reentry generation were measured at the base of the atrium left pulmonary veins. Results: the results obtained indicate that vulnerable window in the gap junctions remodeling moved 38 ms in relation with the expanded model which shows the impact of the dilatation gap junction remodeling. Conclusions: the electrical remodeling produced 70% decrease in action potential duration and decreased conduction velocities between 14.6 and 26 %, which were measured in different regions of the dilated atrium. The focus shot at the base of the left pulmonary veins created a wave which maintains a reentering activity due to the underlying anatomy of the pulmonary veins.

13.
RELAMPA, Rev. Lat.-Am. Marcapasso Arritm ; 23(2): 94-97, abr.-jun. 2010. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-559912

ABSTRACT

We have abstract documented an unusual simultaneous occurrence of a sinoatrial node reentrant tachycardia and an atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, interdependent and synchronized between themselves related to a conduction throught an alectrically isolated internodal pathway as a result of capture and entrainment of both circuits, interdependently, which led to a permanent and fixed coupling of both tachycardia cycles and consequent fused atrial beats. Both were ablated. Conclusion: This is a rare case of simultaneous occurrence os both arrhythmias.


Documentamos uma ocorrência simultânea incomum de uma taquicardia reentrante do nó sinoatrial, e uma taquicardia nodal atrioventricular reentrante interdependentes e sincronizadas entre si, relacionadas à uma condução através um modo internodal isolado eletricamente por causa da captura e arrastamento de ambos os circuitos, de forma interdependente, o que levou a um acoplamento fixo e permanente de dois ciclos de taquicardia e a consequentes frequências atriais em fusão. Ambas foram removidas. Conclusão: Este é um caso raro de ocorrência simultânea de ambas as arritmias.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Arrhythmias, Cardiac , Catheter Ablation/methods , Tachycardia, Sinoatrial Nodal Reentry , Electrocardiography
14.
Rev. colomb. cardiol ; 17(2): 75-78, mar.-abr. 2010.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-553959

ABSTRACT

La taquicardia por reentrada nodal es la causa más común de taquicardia supraventricular paroxística; en aquellos pacientes en quienes el manejo farmacológico no es efectivo o deseado la ablación por radiofrecuencia es un excelente método terapéutico dada su alta tasa de curación. Aunque en términos generales dichos procedimientos son rápidos y seguros, se han descrito varias complicaciones entre las que sobresale el accidente cerebrovascular isquémico. Se presenta el caso de una paciente de 41 años con episodios de taquicardia por reentrada nodal a repetición, que fue llevada a ablación por radiofrecuencia. En el post-operatorio inmediato se evidenció déficit neurológico focal con isquemia en el territorio de la arteria cerebral media derecha, tras lo cual se realizó angiografía con intento de angioplastia y abxicimab y posteriormente infusión local de activador de plasminógeno tisular (rtPA) con adecuado resultado clínico y angiográfico.


Atrioventricular nodal reentry tachycardia is the most common type of paroxismal supraventricular tachycardia. In those patients in whom drug therapy is not effective or not desired, radio frequency ablation is an excellent therapeutic method. Although overall these procedures are fast and safe, several complications among which ischemic stroke stands out, have been reported. We present the case of a 41 year old female patient with repetitive episodes of tachycardia due to nodal reentry who was treated with radiofrequency ablation. Immediately after the procedure she presented focal neurologic deficit consistent with ischemic stroke in the right medial cerebral artery territory. Angiography with angioplastia and abxicimab was performed and then tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) was locally infused, with appropriate clinical and angiographic outcome.


Subject(s)
Catheter Ablation , Plasminogen Activators , Stroke , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry , Tachycardia, Supraventricular
16.
Arch. cardiol. Méx ; 73(2): 143-154, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-773394

ABSTRACT

La taquicardia por reentrada nodal atrioventricular, es una de las causas más frecuentes de taquicardia supraventricular. Es generalmente una arritmia benigna y usualmente no está asociado a cardiopatía estructural, se presenta más frecuentemente en mujeres de media edad, pero no es infrecuente encontrarlo en personas jóvenes y en ancianos. El desarrollo de la ablación con radiofrecuencia a través de un catéter facilita la cura definitiva de la arritmia y permite una mejor compresión del sustrato anatómico electrofisiológico.


Atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia is the most frequent regular supraventricular tachycardia. It is generally a benign arrhythmia and usually it is no associated with heart disease. It is more often seen in middle-aged women but it is no infrequent in younger and older patients. The development of radiofrequency with catheter ablation has provided the possibility to definitely cure the arrhythmia and moreover permit a better comprehension of the underlying electrophysiologic and anatomic substrate. (Arch Cardiol Mex 2003; 73:143-154).


Subject(s)
Humans , Catheter Ablation/methods , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac
17.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 65(1): 23-26, Jul. 1995. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-319674

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE--To study the quantitative and qualitative aspects of junctional rhythm (JR) during radiofrequency (RF) catheter ablation of slow pathway in atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia. METHODS--Twenty five patients, 5 males, ages ranging from 15 to 76 years, with recurrent atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia, underwent to RF catheter ablation of slow pathway. During RF applications (40V, duration 60s) electrocardiographic was continuously recorded. The recordings were posteriorly used to study the presence and characteristics of JR (number of episodes, frequency and time of onset) at the effective and ineffective RF sessions. All variables were expressed as median and mean +/- SD. Univariate analysis of the effects of each variable on success or failure of ablation were performed using x2 test. A p value < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS--One hundred forty nine RF sessions were performed, 25 effective and 124 ineffective (mean per patient 6, range 1 to 22). JR was present in 18 of 25 effective and 44 of 124 ineffective sessions (p < 0.05). Mean time of appearance was 12s, occurring later this time in 9 of 18 effective and in 10 of 44 ineffective sessions (p < 0.05). Mean number of episodes was 3, occurring higher number in 7 of 18 effective and in 4 of 44 ineffective sessions (p < 0.05). Median of frequency of JR was 100bpm; 11 of 18 effective and 15 of 44 ineffective sessions presented higher frequencies (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION--JR during slow pathway ablation is a sensitive marker of ablation success. JR predictor of success has higher number of episodes, higher frequency and later time of appearance than that one of ineffective sessions.


Objetivo - Estudar quantitativa e qualitativamente as características do ritmo juncional (RJ) ocorrido durante o procedimento de ablação por cateter da via lenta, em pacientes com taquicardia por reentrada nodal. Métodos - Vinte e cinco pacientes (5 homens, 15 a 76 anos) foram submetidos a ablação por cateter da via lenta, utilizando radiofreqüência (RF). Durante as sessões de RF de 40V, com 1min de duração, foi realizado o registro eletrocardiográfico contínuo, na velocidade de 25mm/s. Os registros serviram, posteriormente, para análise da presença e das características do RJ (número de episódios, freqüência e tempo de aparecimento após o início da RF), nas sessões eficazes e ineficazes. As variáveis estudadas foram expressas em mediana, média e desvio-padrão. A análise univariada do efeito das mesmas no sucesso da ablação foi realizada, utilizando-se o teste do qui-quadrado. Valor de p<0,05 foi considerado significante. Resultados - Foram realizadas 149 sessões de RF (média de 6/paciente, variando de 1 a 22), sendo 25 eficazes e 124 ineficazes. O RJ esteve presente em 18 de 25 sessões eficazes e em 44 de 124 ineficazes (p<0,05). A média do tempo de aparecimento do RJ após o início da RF foi de 12s, aparecendo em tempo superior à média em 9 de 18 sessões eficazes e em 10 de 44 ineficazes (p<0,05). A média do número de episódios de RJ foi 3, sendo maior que a média em 7 de 18 sessões eficazes e em 4 de 44 ineficazes (p<0,05). A mediana da freqüência do RJ foi de 100bpm, sendo maior que esse valor em 11 de 18 sessões eficazes e em 15 de 44 ineficazes (p<0,05). Conclusão - O RJ durante ablação com RF é um marcador sensível do sucesso do procedimento. O RJ preditor de sucesso apresenta número maior de episódios, freqüência cardíaca mais elevada e aparece mais tardiamente durante o pulso de RF, quando comparado ao que resulta ineficaz


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry , Catheter Ablation , Atrioventricular Node/physiopathology , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry , Follow-Up Studies , Electrophysiology , Bundle of His/physiopathology , Heart Rate
18.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; 59(2): 99-103, ago. 1992. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-134454

ABSTRACT

Métodos - No período de março de 1987 a março de 1990, 20 portadores de TRN foram submetidos a tratamento cirúrgico, 14 do sexo feminino, com idades variando entre 12 e 70 (média 42,8 ± 17,1) anos. Apresentavam crises recorrentes de TRN de 6 meses a 60 anos (média de 18,4 15,9 anos ). Dez apresentaram síncopes ou présíncopes durante as crises e dois foram ressuscitados durante tentativa de reversão com drogas antiarrítmicas. Fizeram uso de 1 a 6 (média de 3,75 ± 1,45) drogas antiarrítmicas, sem sucesso. Todos foram submetidos a estudo eletrofisiológico que caracterizou a forma comum de TRN. O procedimento cirúrgico foi semelhante em todos os casos, com dissecção profunda da região perinodal posterior. Seis pacientes submeteram-se a procedimentos cirúrgicos associados. Dezoito pacientes foram submetidos a estimulação atrial programada antes da alta hospitalar. A avaliação tardia resultou de observação clínica ambulatorial e de EEF e Holter quando necessários. Resultados - A estimulação atrial programada realizada em 18 pacientes não reproduziu a TRN, mesmo após administração de atropina IV. A média do intervalo PR variou de 153 ± 50,36 ms no pré, para 152 ± 38 ms no pós-operatório (p>0,05). Nenhum paciente apresentou recorrência da TRN no seguimento de 26,3 ± 10 m. Dois pacientes evoluíram para FA crônica após 24 meses da cirurgia. Conclusão - A técnica de dissecção perinodal empregada foi eficaz e segura a longo prazo, preservando a condução AV


Purpose - To analyze the long term results of surgical treatment of atrioventricular nodal reentrant tachycardia (AVNT). Methods - From March 1987 to March 1990, 20 patients with AVNT were submitted to surgical therapy, 14 female, aged 12 to 70 (42.8 ± 17) years. All presented crisis of AVNT from 6 months to 60 (18.4 ± 15.9) years. Ten of them had syncope or near syncope and two with cardiac arrest during reversion of AVNT with antiarrythmic drugs. They used 1 to 6 (3.75 ± 1.45) antiarrythmic drays before surgery. The electrophysiologic study (EPS) showed the commom form of AVNT in all cases. The surgical procedure was anatomically directed to the posterior area of the AV node. Programmed atrial stimulation (PAS) were applied on 18 patients after surgery. The longterm results were analysed by clinical evaluation, EPS andHolter when they were necessary. Results - The pos-operative PAS was done in 18 patients and did not induce any AVNT, even after atropine IV. The PR interval was 153 ± 50 ms before and 152 ± 38 ms after surgery (p > 0.05). During follow up (26 ± 10 m) there were not AVNT reccurence. Two patients developed chronic atrial fibrillation after 24 months of surgery. Conclusion - The perinodal dissection technique used was safe and successful to treat AVNT, preserving AV nodal conduction


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/surgery , Middle Aged , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Electrophysiology , English Abstract , Follow-Up Studies , Heart/physiopathology , Recurrence , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Atrioventricular Nodal Reentry/epidemiology
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