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1.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 20(6)dic. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1409422

ABSTRACT

Se tiene presente el principio martiano de que "Educar es depositar en cada hombre toda la obra humana, es ponerlo a nivel de su tiempo, es preparar al hombre para la vida", por eso, esta semblanza es un homenaje a la ilustre académica Alicia Evarista Fernández Hernández, quien con 12 años edad comenzó su labor como educadora al incorporarse a la Campaña de Alfabetización y a otras tareas asignadas por la Revolución; martiana ferviente, educadora por excelencia, ha transmitido durante más de cuatro décadas sus experiencias y sus doctrinas de amor y sabiduría a distintas generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería, Medicina, profesores, profesionales de la salud de Cuba y otros pueblos del mundo. Es objetivo de esta semblanza referir los aspectos más relevantes de su magistral obra educativa, académica y revolucionaria, apoyados en testimonios, revisión de documentos, entrevistas a familiares y compañeros, que, sin dudas, describen de modo fehaciente su trayectoria como estudiante, enfermera, profesora, académica e investigadora. Alicia Fernández constituye un referente teórico-práctico, ejemplo de dedicación, altruismo y un modelo de conducta a seguir por las nuevas generaciones de galenos, enfermeros, profesores y otros profesionales de la salud que se forman integralmente en las universidades de las Ciencias Médicas cubanas(AU)


We keep in mind Marti's principle that "to educate is to deposit all human work in each man, to put him at the level of his time, and to prepare him for life"; therefore, this semblance is a tribute to the illustrious academician Alicia Evarista Fernández Hernández who began her work as an educator at the age of twelve by joining the literacy campaign and other tasks assigned by the Revolution. She has been a passionate defender of Marti's ideas and an educator par excellence who has passed her experiences and doctrines of love and wisdom to different generations of nursing and medical students, professors and other health professionals from Cuba and other peoples of the world for more than four decades. The objective of this semblance is to present the most relevant aspects of her masterful educational, academic and revolutionary work supported by evidence, document reviews, and interviews with family members and colleagues which undoubtedly describe her career as a student, nurse, professor, academician, and researcher. Alicia Fernández is a theoretical and practical referent, an example of dedication and altruism, and a behavior model to the new generations of doctors, nurses, professors and other health professionals who are fully trained in the Cuban universities of Medical Sciences(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Students, Medical , Students, Nursing , Family Characteristics , Life
2.
Rev. habanera cienc. méd ; 19(4): e2872, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1149958

ABSTRACT

Se tiene presente el principio martiano de que el elogio oportuno fomenta el mérito; por eso, esta semblanza es un homenaje a la profesora consultante Asunción Toledo del Rey, quien desde edad temprana se incorporó a las disímiles tareas asignadas por la Revolución; martiana, educadora por excelencia, ha transmitido durante más de cuatro décadas sus doctrinas de amor y sabiduría a distintas generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería de Cuba y otros pueblos del mundo. Es objetivo de esta semblanza referir los aspectos más relevantes de su obra educativa y revolucionaria, apoyados en testimonios, revisión de documentos, entrevistas a familiares y compañeros, que, sin dudas, describen de modo fehaciente su trayectoria como estudiante, enfermera y profesora. Asunción Toledo del Rey constituye un referente teórico-práctico, un ejemplo a seguir por todas las generaciones de estudiantes de Enfermería que se forman integralmente en las universidades de las Ciencias Médicas cubanas(AU)


Bearing in mind the principle of José Martí that "timely praise encourages the merit" we present this biographical sketch as a tribute to the Consultant Professor Asunción Toledo del Rey who performed different tasks assigned by the Revolution since she was very young. She is a supporter of the ideas of José Martí and an educator par excellence that has conveyed her doctrines of love and wisdom to many generations of Nursing students in Cuba and other countries in the world for more than four decades. The aim of this biographical sketch is to highlight the most relevant aspects of her educational and revolutionary work, which is supported by evidences, document reviews and interviews to relatives and co-workers who, undoubtedly, irrefutably describe her career as a student, nurse and professor. Asunción Toledo del Rey is a theoretical and practical referent and an example to be followed by all generations of Nursing students who receive a comprehensive education and training in our Cuban universities of medical sciences(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Science , Students, Nursing , Universities , Education , Faculty , Nurses
3.
J. psicanal ; 44(81): 233-244, dez. 2011.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-647128

ABSTRACT

O objetivo deste artigo é demonstrar como a busca do significado do termo inferno é uma obsessão semiótica que perpassa pela obra inteira de Graciliano Ramos. Tudo começa na dúvida que assalta o menino mais velho, personagem de Vidas Secas, quando este, ao ouvir uma “palavra esquisita” - inferno -, procura saber o significado; pergunta à mãe (sinhá Vitória), ao pai (Fabiano) e até à cachorra Baleia, mas não consegue descobrir o que é inferno. Ao fazer a pergunta “O que é inferno?”, o menino instaura de pronto um problema semiótico, na medida em que, conforme a clássica lição de Ferdinand de Saussure, ele detém o significante, mas não conhece o significado. Ao pedir explicações à mãe, o menino fica sabendo que o inferno é “um lugar ruim”. Para compreender esse significado, ele indaga de sinhá Vitória se ela já tinha ido ao inferno para saber se era um lugar ruim. Tal indagação lhe vale uma repreensão e uma pancada na cabeça. Mas a pergunta do menino era da mais legítima prática semiótica, pois como sinhá Vitória poderia saber que o inferno é um lugar ruim, se nunca tinha ido lá? Estamos diante de uma ampla questão semiótica que envolve a relação entre os signos, o conhecimento e a realidade. Para explicar o conhecimento de sinhá Vitória a respeito do inferno, temos de recorrer às teorias de Mikhail Bakhtin e, mais especificamente, a seus conceitos de intertextualidade e polifonia. No artigo, demonstraremos como inferno é uma “realidade” construída por toda uma rede de discursos intertextuais e polifônicos, produzidos em diferentes épocas e culturas. É justamente contra essa construção semiótica realizada pelo discurso do mundo adulto que se insurge Graciliano, em Infância, na medida em que questiona “as certezas” das instituições (família, escola, religião). E não é por acaso que uma dessas “certezas” questionadas é a existência do inferno. Em Infância, ao negar o inferno, desafiando a própria mãe e a Igreja, Graciliano é, na verdade, o menino mais velho de Vidas Secas na busca obstinada pela significação do mundo.


The aim of this article is to demonstrate how the search for the meaning of the word hell is a semiotic obsession that pervades through the entire work of Graciliano Ramos. All starts with the doubt that assails the oldest boy, character of Vidas Secas, when he, upon hearing a “strange word” - hell -, tries to find out its meaning, asks his mother (sinhá Vitória), father (Fabiano) and even the dog Baleia, but cannot figure out what hell is. In asking the question “What is hell?” the boy at once establishes a semiotic problem, in the extent that, according to the classic lesson of Ferdinand de Saussure, he holds the significant, but does not know the meaning. When asking for explanations to his mother, the boy learns that hell is “a bad place”. To understand this meaning, he asks sinhá Vitória if she had ever gone to hell to know if it was a bad place. This inquiry earns him a rebuke and a blow to the head. But the question of the boy was the most legitimate semiotic practice, because how would sinhá Vitória know that hell is a bad place, if she had never been there? We are before a broad semiotic issue involving the relationship between the signs, the knowledge and the reality. To explain the knowledge of sinhá Vitória about hell, we must resort to the theories of Mikhail Bakhtin and, more specifically, to his concepts of intertextuality and polyphony. In the article, we will demonstrate how hell is a “reality” built by a whole network of intertextual and polyphonic discourses, produced in different times and cultures. It is precisely against this semiotic construction performed by the discourse of the adult world that Graciliano rebels in Infância (Childhood), in the extent that he questions “the certainties” of institutions (family, school, religion). And it is not a coincidence that one of these “certainties” questioned is the existence of hell. In Infância (Childhood), by denying hell, defying his own mother and the Church, Graciliano is actually the oldest boy of Vidas Secas in obstinate search for the meaning of the world.


El objetivo del presente artículo es demostrar como la búsqueda del significado del término infiernogira en torno a una observación semiótica a lo largo de toda la obra de Graciliano Ramos. Todo comienza con la duda que sorprende al niño mayor, personaje de Vidas Secas, cuando al escuchar una “palabra extraña” - infierno - intenta saber el significado; pregunta a su madre (señora Victoria), al padre (Fabiano) y hasta a la perra Ballena, pero no puede descubrir qué significa infierno. Al formular la pregunta “¿Qué es infierno?”, el niño inmediatamente instaura un problema semiótico, en la medida en que - de acuerdo a la clásica lección de Saussure - él también obtiene el significante pero no conoce el significado. Al solicitar explicaciones a su madre, el niño pasa a saber que el infierno es un “lugar malo”. Para comprender ese significado, él indaga de la señora Victoria si ya había ido al infierno como para saber que era un lugar malo. Tal indagación le cuesta una reprensión y un golpe en la cabeza. Pero la pregunta del niño era de la más legítima práctica semiótica porque ¿cómo la señora Victoria podría saber que el infierno era un lugar malo sin nunca haber ido hasta allá? Estamos frente a una amplia cuestión semiótica que envuelve la relación entre los signos, el conocimiento y la realidad. Para explicar el conocimiento de la señora Victoria al respecto del infierno, tenemos que recurrir a las teorías de Mikhail Bakhtin y, más específicamente, a sus conceptos de intertextualidad y polifonía. En este artículo demostraremos como infierno es una “realidad” construida por toda una red de discursos intertextuales y polifónicos, producidos en diferentes épocas y culturas. Es justamente contra esa construcción semiótica realizada por el discurso del mundo adulto que se alza Graciliano, en Infancia, en la medida en que cuestiona “las certezas” de las instituciones (familia, escuela, religión). No es por acaso que una de esas “certezas” cuestionadas se trate de la existencia del infierno. En Infancia, al negar el infierno, desafiando a la propia madre y a la Iglesia, Graciliano verdaderamente es el niño mayor de Vidas Secas en la obstinada búsqueda por el significado del mundo.

4.
Psicol. reflex. crit ; 23(1): 121-130, jan.-abr. 2010. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-549212

ABSTRACT

Pesquisas desenvolvidas nas últimas décadas indicam a relevância de características individuais, como auto-eficácia, na explicação de efeitos de programas educacionais. Inúmeras medidas específicas de auto-eficácia foram elaboradas e validadas neste ínterim. Entretanto, estas escalas confundem-se com medidas que avaliam os efeitos de ações educacionais sobre o desempenho dos indivíduos. São raros os estudos que desenvolveram escalas gerais de auto-eficácia. O presente estudo relata o desenvolvimento de uma escala de auto-eficácia geral. O instrumento, composto por 15 itens, foi submetido à validação teórica e à validação empírica. Neste último processo, 1845 treinandos participaram da pesquisa, de forma que suas respostas foram submetidas a análises fatoriais exploratórias. Os resultados indicaram a validade, a precisão e a confiabilidade do instrumento de auto-eficácia desenvolvido.


Researches done in the last decades suggest the importance of individual characteristics, such as self-efficacy, to explain the effects of training programs. Several specific measures of self-efficacy were developed and validated. These scales are confounded with impact measures that evaluate post-training individual performance. Studies concerning the development of self-efficacy generic measures are still rare. This study reports the development of a self-efficacy generic scale. The instrument, made up of 15 items, was submitted to a theoretical validation as well as to an empirical validation. In this last validation process, 1845 trainees participated of the research. Their answers were submitted to exploratory factor analysis, and the results indicated the validity, precision, and reliability of the self-efficacy instrument which was developed.


Subject(s)
Reproducibility of Results , Self Efficacy , Education , Surveys and Questionnaires , Mentoring
5.
Agora (Rio J.) ; 10(2): 245-263, jul.-dez. 2007.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-467228

ABSTRACT

A partir do estudo dos textos de Freud e Lacan, procura-se demonstrar haver no interior da relação do sujeito com os objetos, constitutivos de sua realidade, um vazio de referência que determina que a realidade psíquica se constitui de uma perda. Para a psicanálise, o acesso à verdade, ou realidade, está ligado à própria divisão do sujeito e ao discurso que o circunda. Pretende-se mostrar que a realidade é uma ordem, ou razão, de estabilidade lógica, à qual o sujeito está assentido, ou seja, crê, sem explicação, e que depende de um princípio de ordenação discursivo, que só pode se exercer se não for questionado pelo sujeito.


Reality: a reasoning that cannot be explained, but believed. The author demonstrates, using Freud’s and Lacan’s theory, the existence of a relation between the subject and the objects, that constitute his reality, an emptiness of references that determines that psychic reality is consisted of a loss. For the psychoanalysis the access to the truth, or reality, is related to subject’s division and discourse in which he is embraced. Reality is an order, or reason, of logical stability, to which the subject is assented, he believes, without explanation. The reality depends on arbitrary election of significant as in maître-mot (master word) to constitute one’s self, and the principle of discursive ordering, that can only exist if the subject does not question.


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychoanalytic Theory , Reality Testing
6.
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology ; (6)1993.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-548458

ABSTRACT

Objective: To test whether depressive college students had sociotropic self-schemata. Methods: A total of 500 college students were surveyed by CES-D and SAS, and 77 college students were chosen for further experiment: 24 with depressive mood, 12 with anxious mood, 17 with both depressive and anxious mood, and 24 normal ones. Sociotropic adjectives were strictly developed, and the 4 groups (depressive vs. anxious vs. depressive and anxious vs. normal) were given Self-referent Encoding Task. Results: ①The depressive group showed significantly less positive adjectives and more negative adjectives for self-descriptive than the normal group (P

7.
Chinese Journal of Clinical Psychology ; (6)1993.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-544872

ABSTRACT

Objective:To validate whether there is self-schema of self-supporting and to look into the difference in amount of recall,amount of recognition and reaction time between children with high score of self-sporting and those with low score.Methods:Levels of self-supporting of 300 sixth grade students from a primary school in Hunan were assessed by using a Self-supporting Behavior Questionnaire for Six to Twelve Years'Old Children,and the subjects were grouped into two groups,of which the high-score group includes the top 35 from the questionnaire result,and the low-group includes the lowest 35.Then the SRET task was assigned to the two groups and a contrastive study of their self-schema was carried out.Results:The amount of recognition of self-supporting words by the two groups is larger than that of non-self-supporting words;The reaction time of the self-supporting group is longer than that of the other group;there is no significant difference in the amount of correct recognition.Conclusion:High self-supporting group showed self schema of self-supporting,and low self-supporting group showed not only self schema of non-self-supporting but also that of self-supporting,which implies that self-supporting is not a dichotomy concept of self.

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