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Objective: Given the lifelong implications of extended postpartum depression (PPD), research is needed to examine the social factors implicated in its development (such as relationship quality) and associated predictors. This study sought to examine the association of partner relationship quality (PRQ) and decline of sexual life (DSL) with maternal PPD at 12-15 months after childbirth. Methods: Prospective study of 294 low-income postpartum women. A structured questionnaire and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) captured responses for the main outcome variable and covariates. Results: The prevalence of the main outcome (PPD at 12-15 months) was 19.1%. Using logistic regression models, low PRQ (risk ratio [RR] = 1.58, 95%CI 1.01-2.49) and DSL (RR = 1.97, 95%CI 1.23-3.15) were associated with PPD at 12-15 months even after controlling for perinatal depression. Conclusions: Late PPD (12 to 15 months after giving birth) is very common among low-income women, and is independently associated with different aspects of the couple's relationship. Improving PRQ may prevent late PPD. Future investigations are warranted.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Depression, Postpartum/diagnosis , Depression, Postpartum/epidemiology , Prevalence , Prospective Studies , Risk Factors , Depression , Postpartum PeriodABSTRACT
Abstract: The objective was to analyze whether romantic partners' conflict resolution style and perceived relationship quality are influenced by the dyadic configuration of adult attachment, specifically, by: a) attachment style matching; b) the number of couple members with a secure (vs. insecure) style. A sample of 405 Spanish heterosexual couples of young adults completed an online survey. Results showed no differences between couples with matched versus unmatched attachment styles. However, the presence of one or two members in the couple with a secure style was significantly associated with higher relationship quality and lower use of dysfunctional conflict resolution styles. In conclusion, for insecurely attached young adults, it is more beneficial to be in a relationship with a securely-attached partner than with a similarly-attached partner.
Resumen: El objetivo es analizar si el estilo de resolución de conflictos de los miembros de una pareja y la calidad de la relación percibida se ven influidos por la configuración diádica del apego adulto, específicamente, por: a) la coincidencia del estilo de apego; b) el número de miembros de la pareja con un estilo seguro (vs. inseguro). Una muestra de 405 parejas heterosexuales de adultos jóvenes españoles completó una encuesta en línea. No se encuentran diferencias entre parejas con estilos de apego coincidentes frente a no coincidentes. Sin embargo, la presencia de uno o dos miembros en la pareja con estilo de apego seguro se asoció significativamente con mayor calidad de la relación y menor uso de estilos de resolución de conflictos disfuncionales. En conclusión, para los adultos jóvenes con apego adulto inseguro, es más beneficioso tener una pareja con un estilo seguro que una pareja con un estilo de apego similar.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Young Adult , Quality of Life , Negotiating , Interpersonal RelationsABSTRACT
Abstract This study aimed to identify conflict resolution profiles and assess relationship quality levels associated with each profile. The participants were 750 heterosexual couples living in southern Brazil. They filled out measures about conflict resolution strategies, relationship quality, and sociodemographic data. A latent profile analysis was conducted in order to classify participants regarding conflict resolution. Variance and association analyses were also conducted in order to examine relationships between the resolution profiles and other study variables. Four profiles were identified: Low Conflict/ Withdraw, Validator, Hostile, and Volatile. The Validator profile showed higher relationship quality, followed by Low Conflict/Withdraw and Volatile profiles, which did not differ from each other, and the Hostile, which showed low levels of relationship quality. We conclude that even though validation and negotiation are desirable, emotionally intense strategies may also be beneficial for couples in some contexts.
Resumen El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar los perfiles de resolución de conflictos y evaluar los niveles de calidad de la relación asociados con cada perfil. Participaron 750 parejas heterosexuales residentes en el sur de Brasil, que diligenciaron cuestionarios relativos a estrategias de resolución de conflictos, la calidad de la relación y datos sociodemográficos. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de perfiles latentes para clasificar a los participantes con respecto a la resolución de conflictos. También se realizaron análisis de varianza y asociación para examinar las relaciones entre los perfiles de resolución y las otras variables del estudio. Se identificaron cuatro perfiles: Conflicto Bajo/Evasión, Validador, Hostil y Volátil. El perfil de Validador mostró una calidad de relación más alta, seguido de los perfiles de Conflicto Bajo/Evasión y Volátil, que no presentaron diferencias entre si. El perfil Hostil mostró bajos niveles de calidad de relación. Concluimos que, aunque la validación y la negociación son deseables, las estrategias emocionalmente intensas también pueden ser benéficas para las parejas en algunos contextos.
Resumo O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar os perfis de resolução de conflitos e avaliar os níveis de qualidade do relacionamento associados com cada perfil. Participaram 750 casais heterossexuais residentes do sul do Brasil, que responderam a questionários relativos a estratégias de resolução de conflitos, qualidade do relacionamento e dados sociodemográficos. Foi realizada uma análise de perfis latentes para classificar os participantes a respeito da resolução de conflitos. Também foram realizadas análises de variância e associação para avaliar as relações entre os perfis de resolução e as outras variáveis do estudo. Foram identificados quatro perfis: Conflito Baixo/Evasão, Validador, Hostil e Volátil. O perfil de Validador mostrou uma qualidade do relacionamento mais alta, seguido dos perfis de Conflito Baixo/Evasão e Volátil, que não apresentaram diferenças entre si. O perfil Hostil mostrou baixos níveis de qualidade do relacionamento. Concluímos que, embora a validação e a negociação sejam desejáveis, as estratégias emocionalmente intensas também podem ser benéficas para os casais em alguns contextos.
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Objective To explore the effect of social relationship quality intervention on blood pressure and mental state of patients after hypertensive hemorrhage. Methods From November 2014 to March 2016,48 patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage were assigned as control group and another 48 patients with the same disease in our hospitalfrom April 2016 to August 2017 as observation group:The former received routine nursing care and the latter was treated with social relationship quality intervention plus the routine nursing care.The blood pressure and mental states before intervention were compared with those 1 month after intervention. Result After intervention,the systolic and diastolic blood pressures in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the scores on resilience,optimism and strength were all significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.01, P<0.001). Conclusions The social relationship quality intervention is effective in the care to patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. It can effectively improve the clinical efficacy, reduce blood pressure and improve mental state, worthy of clinical application and promotion.
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Objective To explore the relationship between social isolation ( SI) and relationship quality(RQ) of college couples at individual and matching level. Methods The SI and average RQ of 187 college couples were surveyed,and a quadratic polynomial regression with response surface analysis was used to conduct the cross-sectional study. Results The scores of SI were ( 1.81± 0.89) in males and ( 1.71 ± 0.80) in females,while the score of average RQ was ( 5.34 ± 0.89).SI had a negative linear correlation (male:r＝－0.21,P＜0.01; female:r＝－0.17,P＜0.05) and a U-shaped correlation (male:β＝0.163,P＜0.01;female:β＝0.186,P＜0.01) with RQ.When SI of the two partners was similar,their matching predicted RQ negatively (β＝－0.62,P＜0.01) and had a U-shaped correlation (β＝0.25,P＜0.01) with RQ,but when they were not,their matching only had a U-shaped correlation (β＝0.45,P＜0.01) with RQ.Conclusion Individ-uals in a relationship or couples may have higher RQ when SI is high.When the couple’s SI is quite differ-ent,the bigger the difference,the higher RQ might be.
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PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of brand image of baby food on brand relationship quality and reuse intentions. METHODS: A total of 211 questionnaires completed by customers who bought Brand B baby food were obtained from empirical research. SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 23.0 were employed for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Customers perceived Brand B baby food as “Convenient”, “Professional”, “Reliable”, “Famous”, and “Healthy”. Overall, the results indicate that perceived image for Brand B baby food had a significantly positive effect on brand relationship quality in terms of self-concept connection, commitment, and partner quality and intimacy. In addition, commitment and partner quality and intimacy had significantly positive effects on reuse intentions for Brand B baby food. CONCLUSION: The results of this study reveal the importance of brand image in baby food to improve brand relationship quality in terms of commitment and partner quality and intimacy as well as reuse intentions. Therefore, it is necessary to recognize positive brand image as a key factor in forming relationships between consumers and brands as well as search for ways to apply marketing strategies based on brand image.
Subject(s)
Empirical Research , Intention , MarketingABSTRACT
Objectives:To explore the effects of love resources and the lovers'resources equivalence on their romantic relationship quality.Methods:A sample of 203 pairs of lovers from 5 provinces and municipalities were selected(aged from 15 to 29).They were assessed with the Evaluation Form of Love Resources for Individual(EFL-RI)and the Scale of Relationship Perception Index for Unmarried People(RPUS)for the evaluation of the relation-ship between the love resource equivalence and the romantic relationship quality.The EFLRI was used to quantify the 12 individual love resources (the appearance of individual,stature,sexual health,health,personality,mental health,sense of responsibility,capacity,professional/occupation,education background,earning and family back-ground).The results included self-evaluation and peer-evaluation.Results:Self-assessment of responsibility between lovers and D-value of mental health were negatively correlated with the reported RPUS scores of both sides (r =-0.20 --0.33,Ps <0.05).The D-values of earning and family background were positively correlated with the re-ported RPUS scores of both sides (r =0.14 -0.25,Ps <0.05).Lovers'peer-evaluation of sexual health scores and the D-values of responsibility were negatively correlated with the reported RPUS scores of both sides (r =-0.25 --0.38,Ps <0.01.The D-values of professional/occupation and family background were positively correlated with the reported RPUS scores of males (r =0.20,0.18,Ps <0.05).Love resources(responsibility,sexual health,educa-tion background of males;appearance,personality,capacity of females )had positive predictability to males'repor-ted RPUS scores (β=0.14 -0.34),love resources(responsibility,appearance,personality,capacity,health of males and health,education background of females )had positive predictability to females'reported RPUS scores (β=0.14 -0.27).Conclusion:It suggests that the equivalence of responsibility resource has a positive influence for the quality of love relationship.The equivalence of family background resource has a negative effect for the quality of love relationship.
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In order to promote foodservice for the elderly, foodservice managers in Continuing Care Retirement Communities (CCRCs) must identify the main factors to enhance the satisfaction and behavioral intentions with food service. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships between relationship quality (consisting of trust, commitment, and satisfaction) and communication in the formation of elderly's behavioral intentions with food services at CCRCs. A survey was administered to residents in two CCRCs and a total of 327 residents participated. A tested structural equation model exhibited good model fit and explanatory power of the study construct. Satisfaction directly influenced word-of-mouth and service quality has an influence on commitment. Commitment was a significant determinant of behavioral intentions to eat more often in the dining room. Also, communication showed positive association with trust. The results provided strong evidence for the importance of satisfaction and communication as a consequence of relationship marketing efforts. Suggestions for future research to better understand the elderly' behavioral intention judgments were given.
Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Food Services , Intention , Judgment , Marketing , RetirementABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the consumer-brand relationship quality on the customer satisfaction in the family restaurant. The questionnaires were distributed to 320 students in the K University located in Masan, who were sampled by convenience-sampling method. The surveys were conducted from November 10 to 24, 2005. The 287 questionnaires responded, and 15 unusable questionnaires were excluded, then 272 were used for the final analysis (response rate: 85.0%). For the statistical analysis, SPSS (12.0) was used to conduct the descriptive analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, Pearson correlation and multiple regression analysis. The result of this study showed that 2 constructs (trust and intimacy) of consumer-brand relationship quality have significant positive effects on the customer satisfaction in the family restaurant (p < .001). It meant that as consumer-brand relationship quality becomes stronger, the customer satisfaction becomes greater. As a conclusion, the foodservice manager in the family restaurant should focus on the marketing strategy to strengthen the quality of consumer-brand relationship in order to increase the satisfaction of customers.
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Humans , Marketing , RestaurantsABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to analyze the determinants affecting the consumer-brand relationship quality (CBRQ) in the fast food restaurant. The questionnaires were distributed to 250 students in the K University located in Masan, who were sampled by convenience-sampling method from December, 6 to 14, 2004. The 246 questionnaires were responded, and 12 unusable questionnaires were excluded, then 234 were used for the final analysis (response rate: 93.7%). SPSS (12.0) was used for the statistical analysis. The result of this study showed that the CBRQ of low monthly income group was significantly lower than that of high monthly income group (p<.05) , and the CBRQ of more frequent visiting group was significantly higher than that of less frequent visiting group (p<.001). The CBRQ of group who spend less than 30 minutes on their visiting the fast food restaurant was lower than that of group who spend more than 30 minutes (p<.01). As a conclusion, the operators in the fast food restaurant should focus on the concentrated marketing strategy for the frequent-visiting customers who had a strong quality of consumer-brand relationship in order to increase sales volume, and at the same time they should try to make marketing strategy to induce the less frequent-visiting customers who had less strong consumer-brand relationship quality to their restaurants in order to strengthen quality of consumer-brand relationship, which would be resulted to lead them to their restaurant more frequently.
Subject(s)
Humans , Commerce , Fast Foods , Marketing , Restaurants , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
Objective: To explore self-other agreement on personality and moderation effects of relationship quality.Methods: 114 pairs of previously unacquainted freshmen roommates accomplished the Chinese Personality Scale(QZPS) at the second week and the 15th week subsequent to the initial introduction.Results: Although all self-other agreement coefficients were different for all personality trait scores in QZPS between the 2nd week and the 15th week,some coefficients increased from the 2nd week to the 15th week,others didn’t increased but decreased from the 2nd week to the 15th week,and all the increase was not statistically significant.At the second week,main effects and moderator effects of relationship quality was not significant for all personality traits.At the fifteenth week,main effects of relationship quality were significant for kindness and human relations,and moderator effects of relationship quality were significant for extraversion and ways of life.Conclusion: There is no acquaintanceship effect demonstrated by many western literatures in Chinese culture,but moderator effects of relationship quality are significant in some traits.